Publications by authors named "Shinya Suzuki"
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a refractory blood cancer with severe immunodeficiency resulting from retroviral infection. ATLL develops in only 5 % of HTLV-1-infected individuals, but the entire mechanism of ATLL progression remains unknown. Since recent studies have reported that the gut microbiome influences the progression of various diseases, we hypothesized that ATLL is also related to the gut microbiome and aimed to investigate this relationship.
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- * Drugs were categorized based on name similarity (Name-Similar vs. Name-Dissimilar) and efficacy similarity (Efficacy-Same, Efficacy-Close, Efficacy-Far), revealing a notably higher error rate (36%) for pairs with similar names and the same efficacy.
- * Findings suggest that drug name similarity significantly increases the risk of dispensing errors, indicating the m2-vwhtfrag index is a valuable tool for assessing these errors and helping to predict risks associated with new medications.
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- The All Nippon Atrial Fibrillation In the Elderly Registry studied over 30,000 elderly Japanese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, focusing on outcomes based on age and type of oral anticoagulants (OACs).
- Results showed that the incidence of stroke, major bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage increased significantly with age, but plateaued for those aged 90 and over.
- Direct OACs (DOACs) generally resulted in lower event rates compared to warfarin, particularly in patients aged 75-85 years, but had limited effectiveness in reducing major bleeding for patients aged 90 and older, suggesting very-low-dose DOACs might be beneficial for this older
Superficial Thoracic Artery Perforator Flap for Volume Replacement Oncoplastic Breast-conserving Surgery.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open
June 2024
Lateral chest wall perforator flaps, such as the lateral intercostal artery perforator flap, lateral thoracic artery perforator flap, and thoracodorsal artery perforator flap, have been used for volume replacement oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (VR-OPBCS) in the lateral and central breast. However, there are cases in which these perforators are missing or too thin, making it difficult to raise a flap for partial breast reconstruction. A 58-year-old woman underwent VR-OPBCS for breast cancer in the lower quadrant of the right breast.
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- Oral anticoagulants (OACs) help prevent ischemic strokes in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), but they can also raise the risk of major bleeding, especially in Japanese patients with limited existing data on this risk.
- In a study analyzing 11,539 NVAF patients receiving OACs, major bleeding occurred in 1.3% of patients per year, with risk factors including advanced age, hypertension, prior bleeding, anemia, and the use of antiplatelet agents.
- The researchers created a new risk stratification system called HED-[EPA]-B, which showed better predictive capability for major bleeding compared to existing scores like HAS-BLED and ATRIA, suggesting
Pericardial effusion (PE) presentation varies from an incidental finding to a life-threatening situation; thus, its etiology and clinical course remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively investigate these factors.We analyzed 171 patients (0.
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- * Out of 32,275 patients studied, 3.5% had GI bleeding, with lower and upper GI bleeding events being 760 and 339 respectively; factors increasing the risk included age over 85, higher body mass index, and use of multiple medications.
- * No significant difference in GI bleeding risk was observed between direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) users and warfarin users, with a higher mortality rate after upper GI bleeding compared to lower GI bleeding
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- A study examined the effectiveness of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) integrated with electrocardiograms (ECGs) for identifying hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated HCM (dHCM) in a large patient dataset (19,170 total, with 140 HCM/dHCM cases).
- The analysis focused on two diagnostic models—one for overall disease detection and another that considered different disease subtypes—showing that while overall sensitivity started at 76%, it reached 100% when specific conditions were met (diagnostic probability ≥ 0.9 and left ventricular hypertrophy present).
- The research concluded that while initial detection rates of HCM or dHCM using CNNs in
Article Synopsis
- * The CNN model achieved a high area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.936 for AD detection with eight-lead ECGs but had a low overall positive predictive rate (PPR) of 7%. However, the PPR improved significantly to 35% for patients with high D-dimer levels and a history of hypertension.
- * The single-lead V1 ECG also demonstrated strong performance, with an A
Article Synopsis
- - We created a convolutional neural network (CNN) to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) using sinus rhythm ECGs (SR-ECG), analyzing data from 616 AF cases and 3,412 sinus rhythm cases among over 19,000 patients.
- - The CNN model showed strong performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.872 for detecting AF with eight-lead ECGs, indicating high accuracy in distinguishing AF from sinus rhythm.
- - Notably, the double-lead ECG using leads I and V1 had a similar AUC of 0.871, suggesting that this simpler approach could be a viable alternative for AF screening in clinical settings.
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- Lung needle biopsies can introduce air into blood vessels, leading to potential complications like arterial gas embolism (AGE), but there isn’t an established treatment for asymptomatic cases.
- This report details two cases where asymptomatic patients developed intra-arterial air after lung biopsies, and they were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) using the USNTT 5 protocol.
- Both patients showed successful removal of air from their vessels and were discharged without lasting issues, indicating that HBOT can be effective even for asymptomatic cases.
Although prescription review is an important role for pharmacists in anticancer drug therapy, there are no guidelines in Japan that specify what pharmacists should check for in chemotherapy regimens. This prospective multicenter survey aimed to investigate the implementation of chemotherapy regimen checks by pharmacists in general hospitals by focusing on 19 recommended confirmation items designed to enhance chemotherapy safety. This study involved 14 hospitals within the National Hospital Organization in different regions of Japan.
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- A study analyzed data from over 30,000 Japanese patients aged 75 and older with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) to understand the incidence and risk factors for coronary events (CE), including myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac interventions.
- The 2-year follow-up found a CE incidence rate of 0.48 per 100 patient-years, with significant risk factors including male sex, high blood pressure, diabetes, previous CE history, and low creatinine clearance.
- Patients who experienced new-onset CE had a much higher risk of major bleeding compared to those without CE, highlighting the need for careful management in elderly AF patients.
Age is a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke. However, the influence of aging on coagulation parameters in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) remains unclear. A total of 775 samples were collected from 224 NVAF patients receiving apixaban, edoxaban or rivaroxaban.
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- - The study analyzed the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database to examine respiratory depression caused by opioids in non-cancer patients, from April 2004 to February 2020.
- - It found 22 combinations of opioids and administration routes that had a high frequency of reported respiratory depression, particularly noting transdermal buprenorphine and oral tramadol/acetaminophen in elderly patients.
- - The research emphasizes the need for close monitoring of elderly patients starting opioid treatment for chronic non-cancer pain, especially within the first month, regardless of recommended starting doses.
Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) often coexist. Older age is strongly associated with stroke, HF, and mortality. The association between coexistence of HF and a risk of clinical outcomes and the effectiveness of anticoagulation therapy including direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in elderly patients with AF and HF have not been investigated.
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- Lenvatinib often causes hypertension shortly after treatment starts, with a significant number of patients (71%) developing severe hypertension (grade ≥3) within days.
- A study of 65 patients found similar increases in blood pressure across those who developed hypertension and those who did not, with an average rise of 20 mmHg in systolic and 13 mmHg in diastolic pressure.
- Patients with normal to high-normal baseline blood pressure have a greater risk of severe hypertension compared to those with optimal baseline levels, highlighting the need for early monitoring and management of blood pressure during treatment.
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- This study assessed echocardiographic features of left atrial (LA) structure and function in patients aged 75 and older with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) to see how these features related to health outcomes over two years.
- It involved 1,474 elderly patients, analyzing aspects like LA emptying fraction (LAEF) and maximum LA volume index (max. LAVi), revealing that lower LAEF and higher max. LAVi were linked to higher risks of cardiovascular events, heart failure hospitalizations, and overall mortality.
- The findings suggest that elderly patients with poor LA function and larger LA volume need closer monitoring and management for better outcomes.
Background: In the phase 3 SELECT study, lenvatinib significantly improved prognostic outcomes vs. placebo in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC). However, toxicity of lenvatinib is sometimes considerable and requires frequent dose interruptions and modifications.
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- The text discusses the negative effects of prolonged opioid use, particularly in cancer patients after completing radiation therapy (RT), highlighting the importance of managing opioid prescriptions effectively.
- A time-series analysis compared outcomes of patients who participated in a pharmacist-led opioid de-escalation (PLODE) program against a control group of similar patients who did not participate.
- Results indicated that participants in the PLODE program discontinued opioids significantly earlier than the control group, and none of them resumed opioid use or needed to increase their dosage due to pain.
Metallothionein (MT) 1 and 2 are ubiquitously expressed cysteine-rich, low molecular weight proteins. MT expression is upregulated in skeletal muscle during aging. MTs also play role in multiple types of skeletal muscle atrophy.
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