Cost-effectiveness analysis of bispecific antibody faricimab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema in Japan.

ObjectiveTo assess the cost-effectiveness of faricimab versus other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) in Japan, while considering societal burden associated with treatment.MethodsA Markov model for cost-effectiveness analysis of anti-VEGF treatment in patients with nAMD and DME was applied based on cost and utility value data from Japan. Faricimab administered through a treat-and-extend (T&E) regimen was compared with ranibizumab administered pro re nata (PRN) and T&E, aflibercept T&E, brolucizumab T&E, and best supportive care (BSC).

Spontaneous Regression of Advanced Transverse Colon Cancer: A Case Report.

Introduction: The incidence of spontaneous regression (SR) of malignancy is one in 60000-100000 cancer patients and spontaneous regression in colorectal cancer is quite rare, reported to account for less than 2% of spontaneous regression of malignancy. In recent years, some reports of spontaneous regression in colorectal cancer in patients with high-frequency microsatellite instability have suggested a deep association between high-frequency microsatellite instability and spontaneous regression. We report our experience of spontaneous regression of advanced colorectal cancer with high-frequency microsatellite instability and provide a review of spontaneous regression in colorectal cancer.

Real-world outcomes of stage II and III colorectal cancers treated by postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy based on the mismatch repair status.

Purpose: In Japan, immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins targeted at stage II and III colorectal cancers (CRCs) has been covered by national insurance since October, 2022. This study aimed to clarify the long-term outcomes of patients with stage II and III CRCs receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy based on their MMR status.

Methods: The outcomes of 640 patients who underwent radical surgery for stage II and III CRCs were analyzed retrospectively.

Laparoscopic resection of a descending colon tumor with right-sided fixation of the sigmoid colon: a case report.

Background: Intestinal malrotation is a condition in which the process of counterclockwise rotation and fixation to the peritoneum and retroperitoneum during fetal life is incomplete. In adults, it is generally asymptomatic and is often discovered incidentally. We report a case of laparoscopic partial resection of the descending colon for a tumor of the descending colon with a rare form of intestinal malrotation in which the inferior mesenteric artery ran symmetrically and the sigmoid colon was fixed to the dorsal cecum and right-sided retroperitoneum.

A perforation of a duodenal diverticulum in a 97-year-old patient after total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction: a case report.

Most duodenal diverticula (DD) are asymptomatic and rarely develop perforations. Perforation is the most serious complication of DD and often requires emergency surgery. A 97-year-old woman who had undergone total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction 30 years ago was referred to our department with chief complaints of abdominal pain and fever during her hospitalization after femoral neck fracture surgery in the orthopedic department.

Subxiphoid pericardial drainage for gastric tube ulcer penetrating the pericardium after esophagectomy: A case report.

Introduction: Reconstructed gastric tube ulcers are common complications of esophagectomy. When the pericardium is penetrated, digestive juices can cause severe cardiac inflammation, leading to an extremely poor prognosis. We report the first case of pericardial penetration of a constructed stomach tube via the posterior mediastinal route and the first use of subxiphoid pericardial drainage and continuous irrigation lavage.

A case of laparoscopic appendectomy for appendiceal bleeding.

Background: Appendiceal bleeding is very rare, accounting for about 0.4% of all lower gastrointestinal bleeding. We present a case of laparoscopic appendectomy in a patient with a diagnosis of appendiceal bleeding.

Cost-effectiveness of combination therapy of polatuzumab vedotin plus rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisolone for previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Japan.

Aim: The POLARIX trial showed that Pola + R-CHP (polatuzumab vedotin plus rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisolone) prolongs progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) compared with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone), the conventional standard of care, with a similar safety profile. However, Pola + R-CHP has not been evaluated from the viewpoint of health economics in Japan. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of Pola + R-CHP for previously untreated DLBCL from a Japanese public healthcare payer's perspective.

A case of advanced hypopharyngeal cervical esophageal cancer treated by curative resection with management of tracheoesophageal fistula.

Advanced esophageal cancer with tracheal invasion is fatal due to airway narrowing and the possibility of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) formation during the treatment process. If a TEF develops, palliative care is often chosen. It is very rare that curative treatment is performed including with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) or surgery in such cases.

Optimal surgical approaches for esophageal epiphrenic diverticulum: literature review and our experience.

Esophageal epiphrenic diverticulum is a rare condition usually secondary to a primary esophageal motility disorder. Although epiphrenic diverticulum may be treated by thoracoscopic and laparoscopic management, the optimal surgical approach have not been established. We successfully treated a left epiphrenic diverticulum along with achalasia and paraesophageal hernia by a planned combination of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic procedures aided by preoperative simulation using three-dimensional imaging.

Emergence of metallic surface states and negative differential conductance in thin-FeSifilms on Si(001).

The electronic properties of the surface of-FeSihave been debated for a long. We studied the surface states of-FeSifilms grown on Si(001) substrates using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS), with the aid of density functional theory calculations. STM simulations using the surface model proposed by Romanyuk(2014B155305) reproduce the detailed features of experimental STM images.

Right top pulmonary vein is a venous anomaly of which surgeons should be aware in subcarinal dissection for thoracoscopic esophagectomy: a case report and literature review.

Background: A right top pulmonary vein (RTPV) that crosses behind the right main or intermediate bronchus is a variation of the superior posterior pulmonary vein in the right upper lobe. Damage or ligation of this abnormal vessel can lead to massive intraoperative bleeding and serious complications, such as congestion of the posterior segment of the right upper lobe and cardiac tamponade. Subcarinal lymph node dissection is mandatory in radical thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, and the RTPV is an anomalous vessel of which thoracic surgeons should be aware.

Asymptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism diagnosed based on prolonged fever after gastric cancer surgery: A case report with literature review.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious postoperative complication with potentially fatal outcome. However, asymptomatic VTE is difficult to diagnose and is often discovered by chance. We report a case of suspected VTE diagnosed based on prolonged fever after surgery and discuss the literature.

Thermal oxidation process on Si(113)-(3 × 2) investigated using high-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy.

Thermal oxidation of Si(113) in a monolayer regime was investigated using high-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Dynamic processes during thermal oxidation were examined in three oxidation modes - oxidation, etching, and transition modes - in the third of which both oxidation and etching occur. A precise temperature-pressure growth mode diagram was obtained via careful measurements for Si(113), and the results were compared with those for Si(111) in the present work and Si(001) in the literature.

A possible indicator for removal of a large foreign body from the esophagus via a cervical approach: a case report with literature review.

Foreign body intake in adults is more common among people with mental illness. Edentulous adults are at increased risk for foreign body ingestion, including of dentures. We experienced a patient who aspirated a large denture that we removed via a cervical surgical approach.

Subtotal esophagectomy followed by subtotal gastric reconstruction for Boerhaave's syndrome: Case report with literature review.

Introduction: Boerhaave's syndrome, or spontaneous esophageal rupture, is a potentially fatal disease requiring prompt diagnosis and effective treatment. We report Boerhaave's syndrome in a patient who underwent subtotal esophagectomy and temporary cervical esophagostomy for esophageal perforation to the right thoracic cavity, followed by subtotal gastric reconstruction as the second step.

Presentation Of Case: A 70-year-old man with diarrhea and vomiting as chief complaints had underlying disease of reflux esophagitis.

Oxidation of Anatase TiO(001) Surface Using Supersonic Seeded Oxygen Molecular Beam.

We investigated the oxidation of oxygen vacancies at the surface of anatase TiO(001) using a supersonic seeded molecular beam (SSMB) of oxygen. The oxygen vacancies at the top surface and subsurface could be eliminated by the supply of oxygen using an SSMB. Oxygen vacancies are present on the surface of anatase TiO(001) when it is untreated before transfer to a vacuum chamber.

Antimicrobial activities of amphiphilic cationic polymers and their efficacy of combination with novobiocin.

Today, drug-resistant bacteria represent a significant problem worldwide. In fact, bacteria are becoming resistant even to newly developed antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop antibiotics to which bacteria cannot become resistant.

An incarcerated internal hernia of the sigmoid colon through a defect in the broad ligament: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Hernias through a defect of the broad ligament are rare, accounting for only 1.6-5% of internal herniations [1]. This report describes a rare case of sigmoid colon obstruction due to hernia through a defect of the broad ligament, which was diagnosed before surgery.

Burden of caring for Alzheimer's disease or dementia patients in Japan, the US, and EU: results from the National Health and Wellness Survey: a cross-sectional survey.

Aims: The growing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) worldwide has sparked the implementation of national policies to support the growing burden among caregivers of AD/dementia patients. This study aims to quantify and compare the burden of AD/dementia caregivers and evaluate how different living arrangements might impact health outcomes among caregivers in Japan, five European countries (5EU), and the United States (US).

Materials And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on existing data from the 2018 National Health and Wellness Survey.

Humanistic burden among caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease or dementia in Japan: a large-scale cross-sectional survey.

Aims: As the population in Japan is rapidly aging, the prevalence of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's Disease (AD), is expected to increase, resulting in a growing need for caregivers. This study aims to quantify and compare the humanistic burden of caregivers of AD/dementia patients with caregivers of patients with other conditions in Japan.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2018 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS).

Factors associated with humanistic burden and indirect cost among patients with cancer in Japan.

Aims: Patients with cancer experienced reduced health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), increased work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI), and indirect costs. With the current emphasis on economic evaluation of health technology in Japan, it is important to understand how indirect costs correlate with HRQoL and patient characteristics. It is also crucial to assess the patient characteristics associated with the HRQoL, WPAI, and indirect costs among patients with any types of cancer.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of treatment regimens with obinutuzumab plus chemotherapy in Japan for untreated follicular lymphoma patients.

Aims: Obinutuzumab (GA101; G) is a new treatment for follicular lymphoma (FL) that is anticipated to have greater efficacy than the current treatment, rituximab (R). The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of G plus chemotherapy (G + Chemo) against that of R plus chemotherapy (R + Chemo) for patients in Japan with previously untreated FL.

Materials And Methods: We localized a previously reported cost-effectiveness model using the Japanese cost data.

A population-based study of the humanistic burden among cancer patients in Japan.

Understanding the burden of cancer in Japan is becoming increasingly important to address the socio-economic consequences of the disease. This study broadly examined the cancer burden in terms of: Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI), stress-related comorbidities, and indirect costs in patients diagnosed with (i) any type of cancer, (ii) breast cancer, (iii) colorectal cancer, compared to controls without cancer. This cross-sectional study used data from the 2017 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS).

Humanistic and economic burden among caregivers of patients with cancer in Japan.

As the number of cancer patients increases in Japan, and people are living longer with cancer, the need for caregivers of cancer patients is expected to increase substantially. This study intended to reveal the humanistic and economic burden among caregivers of cancer patients, and to compare it with the burden among caregivers of patients with other conditions (other caregivers) and non-caregivers. This cross-sectional analysis used data from the Japan National Health and Wellness Survey 2017.