The timing of death in burn patients.

Aim: When treating burn patients, some patients die in the chronic phase, even if they overcome the acute phase of the burn. To elucidate the timing of death and its underlying causes among burn patients.

Methods: Patients evaluated were admitted to our burn center between January 2015, and December 2019.

BspR/BtrA, an Anti-σ Factor, Regulates the Ability of To Cause Cough in Rats.

, , and cause respiratory infections, many of which are characterized by coughing of the infected hosts. The pathogenesis of the coughing remains to be analyzed, mainly because there were no convenient infection models of small animals that replicate coughing after infection. Here, we present a coughing model of rats infected with Rats, which are one of natural hosts of , were readily infected with the organisms and showed frequent coughing.

Bordetella dermonecrotic toxin binds to target cells via the N-terminal 30 amino acids.

Bordetella dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) affects the biological function of host cells by activating intracellular Rho GTPases. The toxin binds to unidentified receptor(s) via 54 N-terminal amino acids, undergoes intramolecular cleavage on the C-terminal side of Arg(44) by furin or furin-like protease, and eventually enters the cytoplasm where the Rho GTPases reside. The binding to the receptor(s) and intramolecular cleavage are essential for DNT to intoxicate cells, and the 54 amino-acid binding domain encompasses the cleavage site, however, it is unclear whether these two events are related.

Screening and analysis of spices with ability to suppress verocytotoxin production by Escherichia coli O157.

To reduce the amounts of verocytotoxin (VT) produced by Escherichia coli O157:H7, various spices were screened for their ability to suppress VT production. Extracts of these spices were prepared with 70% ethyl alcohol. When E.