Long-term outcomes and risk factors for recurrence after lung segmentectomy.

Objectives: The long-term oncological outcomes and risk factors for recurrence after lung segmentectomy are unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the long-term prognosis and to evaluate risk factors for recurrence after segmentectomy.

Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2012, a total of 177 patients underwent segmentectomy for clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Surgical Outcome after Sleeve Pneumonectomy for Thoracic Malignancy: A Comparison Between Salvage and Non-salvage.

Objectives: Tumors invading the tracheobronchial angle or carina have long presented a challenge due to the complexity of airway reconstruction and management; thus, few medical centers have developed experience with this type of surgery. In this report, we review our experience with Sleeve Pneumonectomy (SP) and analyze both operative risks and outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review identified 34 patients who underwent SP: 19 underwent salvage SP and 15 underwent non-salvage SP.

Usefulness of final transection of the proximal pulmonary artery in robotic left upper lobectomy.

Objectives: The pulmonary artery runs around the left upper bronchus, which poses the risk of blood vessel injury when cutting in the blind spot of the bronchus. During robotic surgery, the robotic arm holds the tissue under constant tension; therefore, even if the pulmonary artery is left for final transection, it is not injured by unexpected tension. In this study, we examined the usefulness of final transection of the proximal pulmonary artery in robotic left upper lobectomy.

[Robot-assisted Thoracic Surgery for Mediastinal and Chest Wall Tumors:Atypical Surgical Approaches by the Tumor Localization].

Surgery for mediastinal and chest wall tumors requires various approaches, including open and thoracoscopic, depending on the size and localization of the tumor. While robotic surgery for anterior mediastinal tumors has become a standardized approach, the approaches for tumors of the superior, middle, and posterior mediastinum, in particular, have not been generalized. Our institution introduced robotic surgery in 2017 and has performed 785 robot-assisted surgeries until November 2022.

Extended double sleeve lobectomy combined with thoracic wall resection to treat a huge lung cancer.

A 58-year-old man came to our hospital with numbness of the left arm, fatigue, and fever. A huge solid mass with necrotic changes located in the left upper lobe was noted on the computed tomography scan. The tumor directly invaded the extrathoracic wall, the left main pulmonary artery, and the superior segment of the lower lobe.

Salvage Surgery Compared to Surgery After Induction Chemoradiation Therapy for Advanced Lung Cancer.

Background: Salvage surgery is performed for selected patients with relapses of locally advanced lung cancer after definitive chemoradiation therapy (CRT), and it seems to be effective. To assess the feasibility of salvage surgery after definitive CRT, this study compared clinical outcomes of surgery after definitive CRT with those of surgery after induction CRT.

Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent surgery from January 2000 to January 2018 were reviewed.

The unintended effects from halting nuclear power production: Evidence from Fukushima Daiichi accident.

This paper provides novel evidence of the unintended health effects stemming from the halt in nuclear power production after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident. After the accident, nuclear power stations ceased operation and nuclear power was replaced by fossil fuels, causing an increase in electricity prices. We find that this increase led to a reduction in energy consumption, which caused an increase in mortality during very cold temperatures, given the protective role that climate control plays against the elements.

Factors Associated with Unexpected Readmission Following Lung Resection.

Background: Identification of the predictors of readmission can facilitate appropriate perioperative management. The current study aimed to investigate the potential predictors of unexpected readmission after lung resection for primary lung cancers.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 1000 patients who underwent pulmonary resection for lung cancer at our institution between January 2016 and December 2017.

Salvage surgery after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy including SBRT and proton therapy: A consecutive analysis of 38 patients.

Background: Local recurrence after definitive chemoradiation therapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy with curative intent is often seen in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. We evaluated the feasibility of salvage pulmonary resection after definitive non-surgical treatments and the postoperative morbidity and mortality rates.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics and medical courses of patients who had undergone salvage pulmonary resections after local relapse or progression between January 2000 and March 2018 at the National Cancer Centre Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Aberrant mediastinal trunk of pulmonary artery.

Anatomic variations of the pulmonary artery (PA) cause vascular injuries and result in critical mistakes. Here we report the first case of lung cancer with a fissureless left upper lobectomy, an aberrant mediastinal trunk of the lingular and basal segments of the PA. A 65-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a solid mass on the left upper lobe.

Trimodality therapy for superior sulcus tumour: experience of a single institution over 19 years.

Objectives: Induction chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is the standard treatment for superior sulcus tumours (SSTs). However, the protocols, chemotherapy agents and cycles used as well as the mode and intensity of radiotherapy vary between institutions. Thus, the objective of the study was to investigate the effects of trimodality therapy on the outcomes of patients with SSTs.

Radiopathologic correlation of collision lung cancer with ground-glass opacity.

Pulmonary collision tumors have been described as a special entity of synchronous multiple lung cancer. There have been no reports detailing the chronological changes in primary collision lung cancers on chest computed tomography. We report a case of ground-glass lung nodules gradually colliding with each other.

Effective treatment of empyema with bronchopleural fistula after esophagectomy by endobronchial embolization using endobronchial Watanabe Spigots.

Introduction: Empyema and bronchopleural fistula are well known complications after thoracic surgery. We report a case of refractory air leakage of bronchopleural fistula in a patient with empyema that was successfully treated by endobronchial embolization using Endobronchial Watanabe Spigots (EWSs).

Presentation Of Case: A 71-year-old man underwent esophagectomy for primary esophageal cancer.

Genomic Amplification of (PD-L1) in Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), encoded by the gene, is a target for immune checkpoint blockade; however, little is known about genomic alterations. A subset of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) exhibits increased copy number of chromosome 9p24, on which resides; however, most SCLCs show low expression of PD-L1. We therefore examined whether is a target of recurrent genomic alterations.

Surgical intervention strategy for postoperative chylothorax after lung resection.

Purpose: The optimal surgical management of postoperative chylothorax has not been established. Thus, we evaluated the treatment strategy for postoperative chylothorax and identified associated predictors of surgical intervention.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were 50 patients who suffered postoperative chylothorax, representing 4 % of 1235 patients who underwent pulmonary resection between 2008 and 2012.

Trajectories in the spinal cord and the mediolateral spread in the cerebellar cortex of spinocerebellar fibers from the unilateral lumbosacral enlargement in the chicken.

Spinocerebellar (SC) neurons in the lumbosacral enlargement (LSE) give rise mainly to crossed fibers and generally terminate in parasagittal bands in the granular layer of the chicken cerebellar cortex. However, parasagittal bands for mossy fiber terminals have not always been clear in some cerebellar folia. The present study aimed at (1) observing the course in the spinal cord of the spinocerebellar tracts (SCTs), (2) confirming whether SC fibers originating from the unilateral LSE terminate in parasagittal bands, and (3) elucidating the relationship between the ventral and lateral funicular parts of the SCTs in the cervical enlargement (CE) using anterograde and retrograde labeling methods.

Spinocerebellar projections from the cervical and lumbosacral enlargements in the chicken spinal cord.

In birds, spinocerebellar (SC) projections to the cerebellar cortex have not been understood well. We examined SC fiber terminal fields originating from the cervical and lumbosacral enlargements (CE and LSE, respectively) in the chicken. SC fiber terminals show parasagittal bands in the granular layer.

Constitution of the ependyma in the chicken telencephalon.

The constitution of ependyma derived from the ventricular zone is different from that derived from other regions of the central nervous system. In the mammalian cerebrum, the ependyma is varied by the regions to cortex or basal ganglia (BG). In the avian telencephalon (Tc), previous studies about the constitution of the ependyma have not revealed clear findings.

Distribution of astroglial lineage cells in developing chicken telencephalon from embryo to young chick.

The largest area of the avian telencephalon (Tc) is the subpallium [basal ganglia (BG)], and the pallium (cortex) is a narrow area located at the surface of the Tc. However, recent studies have proposed that most of the area of the avian Tc is the pallium, which corresponds to the cerebral cortex of mammals. This theory is based on neuronal elements with little regard to glial cells, which play important roles in neurogenesis.

Detection of triplet repeat sequences in the double-stranded DNA using pyrene-functionalized pyrrole-imidazole polyamides with rigid linkers.

Methods for sequence-specific detection in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) are becoming increasingly useful and important as diagnostic and imaging tools. Recently, we designed and synthesized pyrrole (Py)-imidazole (Im) polyamides possessing two pyrene moieties, 1, which showed an increased excimer emission in the presence of (CAG)(12)-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) 1 and 2. In this study, we synthesized bis-pyrenyl Py-Im polyamides with rigid linkers 2, 3, and 4 to improve their fluorescence properties.

Identification of a novel endochitinase from a marine bacterium Vibrio proteolyticus strain No. 442.

Chitin binding proteins prepared from Vibrio proteolyticus were purified and the N-terminal amino-acid sequence of a protein from a 110-kDa band on SDS-PAGE was found to be 85-90% identical to the 22nd-41st residues of the N-termini of chitinase A precursor proteins from other vibrios. We cloned the corresponding gene, which encodes a putative protein of 850 amino acids containing a 26-residue signal sequence. The chitinase precursor from V.