Neonatal exposure to estrogen in the Wistar rat decreases estrogen receptor-beta and induces epithelial proliferation of the prostate in the adult.

Background/aims: The effects of environmental endocrine disruptors on the male reproductive system have received much attention. We attempted to assess the responsible reproduction period vulnerable to decrease in ER beta mRNA by exposing neonate rats to disruptors.

Methods: Each of 64 male Wistar rats was given an injection of estradiol at a dose of 25 mug or oil on days 1, 3 and 5 after birth.

[Economical aspects on the treatments of urolithiasis by surgical methods: comparison of surgical method selections and world status].

Economical elements including surgical fee and hosipital stay become larger in the selection of surgical methods for the treatment of urinary stones. Then, urologists need to explain to patients the treatment cost to obtain informed consent. By comparing the data from participants' answer to Debate 1 at the 82th annual meeting of the Japanese Urological Association (April 2002, Tokyo) and questionnaire responses from the members of the annual meeting of central division of Japanese Urological Association (November 2002, Nagoya), we surveyed the trends of surgical methods on the treatments of staghorn caliculi and lower ureter stones.

Morbidity of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: summary of early multi-institutional experience in Japan.

Aim: Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is being evaluated throughout the world. The aim of the present study is to report early multi-institutional experience of the procedure in Japan.

Methods: A total of 148 men who were diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy at seven different institutions in Japan.

Surgical outcome of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: summary of early multiinstitutional experience in Japan.

Background: Because laparoscopic radical prostatectomy requires significant laparoscopic expertise, it needs to be evaluated critically before being accepted as a standard therapeutic option for localized prostate cancer.

Methods: A total of 148 men diagnosed as having clinically resectable prostate cancer underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy at seven different institutions in Japan. Early biochemical and oncological outcomes were investigated.

The value of power Doppler imaging to predict the histologic components of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Background: The response of symptoms caused by benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) to alpha blockade is related to the area density of the smooth muscle of the prostate. If this density could be determined by ultrasound examination, ultrasound might be useful in predicting the efficacy of alpha-blocker therapy. In this study, various ultrasonographic parameters obtained by transrectal method (TRUS) were compared with histologically measured components.

[Sling suspension of incontinent urinary reservoir].

We report a case and surgical technique of successful sling suspension of insufficient efferent limb of continent urinary reservoir, which has occurred urinary incontinence. A 64-year-old male, who received radical cystectomy with continent urinary reservoir, had been suffered urinary incontinence from the reservoir about one year after surgery. Various procedures, such as the repair of the efferent limb of the reservoir, addition of the ileal patch, instillation of scopolamine, oxybutynin into the reservoir and an injection of GAX collagen in the efferent limb, were not effective for his urinary incontinence.