Split-dose low-volume polyethylene glycol is non-inferior but less preferred compared with same-day bowel preparation for afternoon colonoscopy.

Currently, the same-day polyethylene glycol-electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS) regimen is particularly recommended for afternoon colonoscopy as an alternative to the split-dose regimen in western countries. However, in Japan, the split-dose regimen has never been used as a standard colonoscopy preparation regimen. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of split-dose PEG containing ascorbic acid (ASC) with same-day single dose PEG-ASC in Japan.

Factors affecting decreasing viscosity of the culture medium during the stationary growth phase of exopolysaccharide-producing MTCC 25067.

MTCC 25067 produces a hetero-exopolysaccharide (HePS) when cultured which forms supramolecular networks in the culture medium, increasing the viscosity. In the present study, the viscosity of the bacterial culture reached its maximum at 48 hr of cultivation and then decreased during a stationary growth phase lasting for up to 144 hr. The monosaccharide composition did not change during the stationary growth phase, whereas degradation of HePS molecules was noticeable, leading to partial disintegration of their supramolecular networks.

Clinical relevance of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography and magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging in decision-making regarding the treatment strategy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Recent advances in endoscopic technology, especially magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI) enable us to detect superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but determining the appropriate method of resection, endoscopic resection (ER) surgical resection, is often challenging. Recently, several studies have reported that F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a useful indicator for decision-making regarding treatment for superficial ESCC. Although, there are not enough reports on association between FDG-PET uptake and clinicopathological characteristics of superficial ESCC.

Long-term outcomes of metachronous neoplasms in the ileal pouch and rectum after surgical treatment in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Restorative proctocolectomy has become the most common surgical option for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). However, adenomas and even carcinomas may develop in the ileal pouch over time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term incidence and nature of ileal pouch or distal ileal adenomas and carcinomas in patients with FAP.

Usefulness of septal thickness measurement on endoscopic ultrasound as a predictor of malignancy of branched-duct and mixed-type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas.

Background And Aim: Septal thickness (ST) can predict a malignant branch-duct (BD) and mixed-type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas, but its cut-off value has not been established. The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal ST cut-off value to predict malignancy using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS).

Methods: We retrospectively identified 200 patients with IPMN, including 132 with BD- and mixed-IPMN, who underwent surgical resection between 1989 and 2017.

Outcomes of EUS-FNA in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy.

To investigate bleeding risk and thromboembolic risk in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needls aspiration (EUS-FNA).  A single-center retrospective study of 908 consecutive patients undergoing EUS-FNA for pancreatic and non-pancreatic lesions patients between March 2013 and March 2017 was performed. Antithrombotic management was classified into three groups: continuous, discontinuation, and heparin replacement.

Superficial Esophageal Cancer in a Fanconi Anemia Patient That Was Treated Successfully by Endoscopic Submucosal Resection.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a disorder of chromosomal fragility characterized by progression to aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and leukemia. FA patients are also predisposed to solid cancers. A case of FA in an adult patient who developed tongue and superficial esophageal cancers following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is reported.

Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Multiple Lung Metastases Treated with Multidisciplinary Therapy.

A 20-year old man was diagnosed with fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) with multiple lung metastases, and chemotherapy with FOLFOX was administered. Contrast enhanced CT after 3 cycles of FOLFOX showed no disease progression. We therefore performed surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation of the liver lesions and lung metastases, after obtaining the patient's informed consent.