Updated evidence of the effectiveness and safety of transanal drainage tube for the prevention of anastomotic leakage after rectal low anterior resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Backgrounds: Anastomotic leakage (AL) represents a major complication after rectal low anterior resection (LAR). Transanal drainage tube (TDT) placement offers a potential strategy for AL prevention; however, its efficacy and safety remain contentious.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were used to evaluate the influence of TDT subsequent to LAR as part of the revision of the surgical site infection prevention guidelines of the Japanese Society of Surgical Infectious Diseases (PROSPERO registration; CRD42023476655).

Association between skin suture devices and incidence of incisional surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery: systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are common complications after abdominal surgery.

Aim: To compare which suture devices could reduce the incidence of incisional surgical site infections (SSIs) after gastrointestinal surgery using a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Methods: The CENTRAL, PubMed, and ICHUSHI-Web databases were searched from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2022, for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the incidence of incisional SSI after gastrointestinal surgery among patients treated with different surgical suture devices, including non-absorbable sutures, absorbable sutures, skin staplers, and tissue adhesives (last searched in August 23, 2023).

Short- and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment for inguinal lymph node metastasis in rectal and anal canal adenocarcinoma.

Aim: The significance of lymphadenectomy and its indications in patients with inguinal lymph node metastasis (ILNM) of anorectal adenocarcinoma is unclear. This study aimed to clarify the surgical outcomes and prognostic factors of inguinal lymphadenectomy for ILNM.

Method: This study included patients who underwent surgical resection for ILNM of rectal or anal canal adenocarcinoma with pathologically positive metastases between 1997 and 2011 at 20 participating centres in the Study Group for Inguinal Lymph Node Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer organized by the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum.

Development of the 12-Base Short Dimeric Myogenetic Oligodeoxynucleotide That Induces Myogenic Differentiation.

A myogenetic oligodeoxynucleotide (myoDN), iSN04 (5'-AGA TTA GGG TGA GGG TGA-3'), is a single-stranded 18-base telomeric DNA that serves as an anti-nucleolin aptamer and induces myogenic differentiation, which is expected to be a nucleic acid drug for the prevention of disease-associated muscle wasting. To improve the drug efficacy and synthesis cost of myoDN, shortening the sequence while maintaining its structure-based function is a major challenge. Here, we report the novel 12-base non-telomeric myoDN, iMyo01 (5'-TTG GGT GGG GAA-3'), which has comparable myogenic activity to iSN04.

Oncologic investigation of the interval from stent placement to surgery in patients with obstructive colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement is widely used as a bridge to surgery (BTS) procedure for obstructive colorectal cancer. However, evidence regarding the optimal interval between SEMS placement and elective surgery is lacking.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from patients with BTS between January 2013 and October 2021.

Impact of resection for ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer and clinicopathologic analysis: A multicenter retrospective study in Japan.

Aim: The aim of this study was to clarify the significance of resection of ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer and to identify the clinicopathologic characteristics.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, we evaluated data on ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer obtained from patients at 20 centers in Japan between 2000 and 2014. We examined the impact of resection on the prognosis of patients with ovarian metastases and examined prognostic factors.

Artificial intelligence-based analysis of time-lapse images of sphere formation and process of plate adhesion and spread of pancreatic cancer cells.

Most pancreatic cancers are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). Spherical morphology formed in three-dimensional (3D) cultures and the effects of anticancer drugs differ between epithelial and mesenchymal PDAC cell lines. In the human pancreas, cancer cells form 3D tumors, migrate to adjacent tissues, and metastasize to other organs.

Successful management of malignant colovesical fistula using covered colonic self-expanding metallic stent: a case report.

Background: A colovesical fistula (CVF) is commonly treated by resection of the intestine containing the fistula or creation of a defunctioning stoma. We herein report a case of successful fistula closure and avoidance of colostomy after placement of a covered colonic self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) as a palliative treatment for a malignant CVF.

Case Presentation: A 75-year-old man undergoing infusional 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan chemotherapy plus bevacizumab for recurrent peritoneal dissemination of rectal cancer was admitted to our hospital because of fecaluria with a high-grade fever.

The effectiveness of fascial closure with antimicrobial-coated sutures in preventing incisional surgical site infections in gastrointestinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of fascial closure using antimicrobial-sutures specifically for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs) in gastrointestinal surgery, as part of the revision of the SSI prevention guidelines of the Japanese Society of Surgical Infectious Diseases (JSSI). We searched CENTRAL, PubMed and ICHUSHI-Web in May 2023, and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing antimicrobial-coated and non-coated sutures for fascial closure in gastrointestinal surgery (PROSPERO No. CRD42023430377).

Segmental or right hemi-colectomy? The optimal surgical procedure for transverse colon cancer: a propensity score-matched, multicenter, retrospective study.

Purpose: Extended colectomy is sometimes chosen for treatment of transverse colon cancer (TCC) because of concerns about short- and long-term outcomes. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the optimal surgical procedure.

Methods: We retrospectively collected and analyzed data of patients who underwent surgical treatment of pathological stage II/III TCC at four hospitals from January 2011 to June 2019.

The T-CEA score: a useful prognostic indicator based on postoperative CEA and pathological T4 levels for patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer.

Purpose: To investigate a prognostic score for stage II-III colorectal cancer (CRC) based on post-CEA and pT4 levels.

Methods: Two cohorts of stage II-III CRC patients who underwent curative surgery between 2011 and 2017 were included. The prognostic score (T-CEA score) was calculated as follows: T-CEA-0, post-CEA ≤ 5 ng/mL and pT1-3; T-CEA-1, post-CEA > 5 ng/mL or pT4; T-CEA-2, post-CEA > 5 ng/mL and pT4.

Postoperative infectious complications have a negative oncological impact in patients after stent placement with malignant large bowel obstruction.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate the oncological impact of postoperative infection in patients with malignant large bowel obstruction managed by self-expandable metallic stent placement as a bridge to surgery.

Methods: The cohort of this multicenter retrospective study comprised 129 patients with pathological stage II/III malignant large bowel obstruction who had undergone bridge to surgery. Patients were allocated to no-postoperative infection (n = 116) and postoperative infection groups (n = 13).

Biomarkers for anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs.

Angiogenesis is regulated by interactions between vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and VEGF receptors. VEGF-A, VEGF-D, placental growth factor (PlGF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have tumor angiogenic activity. VEGF-A and PAI-1 levels in the blood may impact the activity of bevacizumab, and VEGF-D levels may similarly diminish the efficacy of ramucirumab.

Myogenetic Oligodeoxynucleotides as Anti-Nucleolin Aptamers Inhibit the Growth of Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is the muscle-derived tumor retaining myogenic ability. iSN04 and AS1411, which are myogenetic oligodeoxynucleotides (myoDNs) serving as anti-nucleolin aptamers, have been reported to inhibit the proliferation and induce the differentiation of myoblasts. The present study investigated the effects of iSN04 and AS1411 in vitro on the growth of multiple patient-derived ERMS cell lines, ERMS1, KYM1, and RD.

[Is Cell-Free DNA a Useful Biomarker for Predicting the Efficacy of Preoperative Chemotherapy for Advanced Colon Cancer?].

Objective: To examine the potential of peripheral circulating cell-free DNA(cfDNA)as a predictor of response in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)for advanced colon cancer.

Methods: We compared histological response, background factors, and cfDNA molecular volume changes in cT4 and cT3N+ colon cancer patients.

Results: Six of 11 patients responded.

Surgical Site Infections in Gastroenterological Surgery.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain one of the most common serious surgical complications and are the second most frequent healthcare-associated infection. Patients with SSIs have a significantly increased postoperative length of hospital stay, hospital expenses, and mortality risk compared with patients without SSIs. The prevention of SSI requires the integration of a range of perioperative measures, and approximately 50% of SSIs are preventable through the implementation of evidence-based preventative strategies.

[Long-Term Response to UFT/UZEL/Bevacizumab Therapy for Lung Metastasis after Surgery for Early-Stage Colon Cancer in a Late-Stage Elderly Patient].

Late-stage elderly patients have low tolerance to chemotherapy, and they have difficulties when they are treated with standard chemotherapy. We report a case of a late-stage elderly patient who had a long-term response to UFT/UZEL/bevacizumab( Bev)therapy for lung metastasis after surgery for early-stage colon cancer. He was 82-years-old and underwent laparoscopy-assisted sigmoid colectomy for sigmoid colon cancer at another hospital.