Impact of five-tiered Gleason grade groups on prognostic prediction in clinical stage T3 prostate cancer undergoing high-dose-rate brachytherapy.

Background: We evaluated a five-tiered Gleason grade groups arising from the 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology consensus conference on prognostic prediction in clinical stage T3a (extracapsular invasion) and T3b (seminal vesicle involvement) prostate cancer undergoing high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT).

Methods: From November 2003 to December 2012, 283 patients with stage T3 prostate cancer received HDR-BT and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Of these, 203 (72%) and 80 (28%) patients had stage T3a and T3b disease, respectively.

Prostate-specific antigen nadir after high-dose-rate brachytherapy predicts long-term survival outcomes in high-risk prostate cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of prostate-specific antigen nadir (nPSA) after high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy in clinically non-metastatic high-risk prostate cancer patients.

Material And Methods: Data from 216 patients with high-risk or locally advanced prostate cancer who underwent HDR brachytherapy and external beam radiation therapy with long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) between 2003 and 2008 were analyzed. The median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level at diagnosis was 24 ng/ml (range: 3-338 ng/ml).

Recovery of serum testosterone following neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy in men treated with prostate brachytherapy.

Aim: To investigate the time course of testosterone (T) recovery after cessation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients treated with brachytherapy.

Methods: One-hundred and seventy-four patients treated between June 1999 and February 2009 were studied. Patients were divided into a short-term usage group (≤ 12 mo, n = 91) and a long-term usage group (≥ 36 mo, n = 83) according to the duration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy.

GLIPR1-ΔTM synergizes with docetaxel in cell death and suppresses resistance to docetaxel in prostate cancer cells.

Background: Docetaxel is the first chemotherapy agent approved for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The limited survival benefit associated with the quick emergence of resistance and systemic toxicity diminished its efficacy. JNK-mediated apoptosis is one of the mechanisms of docetaxel activity whereas ERK1/2-c-Myc-CXCR4 signaling is implicated in the development of resistance and induction of migration.

Catheter displacement prior to the delivery of high-dose-rate brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to report measured catheter displacement prior to the delivery of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR) in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Material And Methods: Data from 30 prostate cancer patients treated with HDR brachytherapy were analyzed retrospectively. Eighteen transperineal hollow catheters were inserted under transrectal ultrasound guidance.

Systemic GLIPR1-ΔTM protein as a novel therapeutic approach for prostate cancer.

GLIPR1 is a p53 target gene known to be downregulated in prostate cancer, and increased endogenous GLIPR1 expression has been associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species, increased apoptosis, decreased c-Myc protein levels and increased cell cycle arrest. Recently, we found that upregulation of GLIPR1 in prostate cancer cells increases mitotic catastrophe through interaction with heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) and downregulation of Aurora kinase A and TPX2. In this study, we evaluated the mechanisms of recombinant GLIPR1 protein (glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1-transmembrane domain deleted [GLIPR1-ΔTM]) uptake by prostate cancer cells and the efficacy of systemic GLIPR1-ΔTM administration in a prostate cancer xenograft mouse model.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastatic adrenal tumor.

Introduction: Treating adrenal metastases from primary malignancies with laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness and efficiency of LA for solitary adrenal metastasis.

Methods: From November 2003 to September 2012, eight consecutive patients with adrenal metastasis were treated with LA.

High-dose-rate brachytherapy and hypofractionated external beam radiotherapy combined with long-term hormonal therapy for high-risk and very high-risk prostate cancer: outcomes after 5-year follow-up.

The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy and hypofractionated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria-defined high-risk (HR) and very high-risk (VHR) prostate cancer. Data from 178 HR (n = 96, 54%) and VHR (n = 82, 46%) prostate cancer patients who underwent (192)Ir-HDR brachytherapy and hypofractionated EBRT with long-term ADT between 2003 and 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean dose to 90% of the planning target volume was 6.

Laparoscopic Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty without symphysiotomy for hydronephrosis with horseshoe kidney.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to clarify whether symphysiotomy is an essential procedure combined with the laparoscopic pyeloplasty for the surgical treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction related to horseshoe kidney.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed five horseshoe kidney patients with symptomatic hydronephrosis who underwent laparoscopic transperitoneal Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty without symphysiotomy between July 2002 and October 2011.

Results: All procedures were completed successfully without open conversion.

EORTC QLQ-BM22 and QLQ-C30 quality of life scores in patients with painful bone metastases of prostate cancer treated with strontium-89 radionuclide therapy.

Purpose: Approximately 80% of patients with prostate cancer will develop bone metastases, which often lead to bone pain and skeletal-related events. Sr-89 is an established alternative for the palliation of bone pain in prostate cancer. We aimed to assess the effect of Sr-89 radionuclide therapy on quality of life (QOL) in prostate cancer patients with painful bone metastases.

Caveolin-1 upregulation contributes to c-Myc-induced high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer.

Previously we reported caveolin-1 (Cav-1) overexpression in prostate cancer cells and showed that it promotes prostate cancer progression. Here, we report that Cav-1 was overexpressed in 41.7% (15 of 36) of human high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) specimens obtained during radical prostatectomies.

Prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli before and incidence of acute bacterial prostatitis after prostate biopsy.

Objective: To study the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli before transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy and prospectively analyze the rates of infective complications after biopsy in patients receiving fluoroquinolone prophylaxis. E. coli is the pathogen most commonly associated with infections after TRUS-guided prostate biopsy, and the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant E.

Castration-induced changes in mouse epididymal white adipose tissue.

We analyzed the effects of castration on epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) in C57BL/6J mice which were fed a regular or high-fat diet. Fourteen days following surgical castration profound effects on WAT tissue such as reductions in WAT wet weight and WAT/body weight ratio, induction of lipolysis and morphologic changes characterized by smaller adipocytes, and increased stromal cell compartment were documented in both dietary groups. Castrated animals had decreased serum leptin levels independent of diet but diet-dependent decreases in serum adiponectin and resistin.

Functional analysis of secreted caveolin-1 in mouse models of prostate cancer progression.

Previously, we reported that caveolin-1 (cav-1) is overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer and that virulent prostate cancer cells secrete biologically active cav-1. We also showed that cav-1 expression leads to prosurvival activities through maintenance of activated Akt and that cav-1 is taken up by other cav-1-negative tumor cells and/or endothelial cells, leading to stimulation of angiogenic activities through PI-3-K-Akt-eNOS signaling. To analyze the functional consequences of cav-1 overexpression on the development and progression of prostate cancer in vivo, we generated PBcav-1 transgenic mice.

[Late relapse and urothelial carcinoma of residual ureter 16 years after radical nephrectomy: a case report].

A 66-year-old male was referred to our hospital for evaluation of tumors in his left residual ureter and the lung. He had a history of left nephrectomy due to "malignant renal tumor", performed by a general surgeon at another hospital 16 years ago. Since a definitive diagnosis of the kidney was uncertain, we speculated that the original renal disease was a renal pelvic cancer and had metastasized in the residual ureter and the lung.

[Clinical characteristics in patients with purple urine bag syndrome].

Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) occurs predominantly in chronically catheterized and constipated patients. This syndrome is associated with bacterial urinary tract infections that produce sulfatase or phosphatase. Tryptophan is converted to indole and indigo-producing bacteria have indoxyl phosphatase or sulfatase that can produce indigo (blue) and/or indirubin (red) in patients with urinary tract infection.

Primary symptomatic perivesical paraganglioma: a case report.

Paraganglioma, extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas, are relatively rare in adults, with most arising from para-aortic sympathetic and visceral organs, such as the bladder. Paraganglioma localized at the extravesical retroperitoneal pelvic cavity is extremely rare. We report a case of symptomatic perivesical pheochromocytoma in a 34-year-old man treated by surgical excision.

[Spontaneous migration of a metal clip into renal pelvis after laparoscopic pyeloplasty: a case report].

Migration of surgical materials into the urinary tract is very rare. We present a case of spontaneous migration of a metal clip into renal pelvis after laparoscopic pyeloplasty. A 44-year-old woman who had a long history of multiple sclerosis presented with symptomatic left hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction.

Advanced clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder successfully treated by radical surgery with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

A 52-year-old woman was referred to our institute for the evaluation of a tumor in her pelvic cavity. The tumor seemed to have arisen from the bladder or urethra, and bilateral iliac lymphadenopathy was seen. Her urethral mucosa looked intact according to the results of cystourethroscopy.

[Uncertain analgetic efficacy of intraurethral instillation of anesthetic jelly in rigid cystoscopy for men].

Purpose: The analgetic efficacy of intraurethral instillation of anesthetic jelly in rigid cystoscopic examination for men is not clearly confirmed. This study evaluated the usefulness of intraurethral instillation of anesthetic jelly by questionnaires regarding the pain and uncomfortable feelings during and after the cystoscopic examination.

Materials And Methods: A total of 62 men were enrolled in the study.

[Laparoscopic unroofing of peripelvic cyst].

Laparoscopic unroofing of renal cyst has replaced open surgical intervention in recent years. We report our experience with this procedure on 6 patients with hydronephrosis due to peripelvic cyst. Four male and two female patients, ranging from 51 to 67 years, underwent laparoscopic unroofing of peripelvic cyst.

[Arthritis following intravesical instillation of BCG for urothelial cancers].

Background: Intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is efficient for prophylaxis of superficial bladder cancer and treatment for carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the upper urethelial cancer. However, the incidence of adverse effects is relatively high, and those include reactive arthritis. We retrospectively evaluated the incidence and the outcome of reactive arthritis following intravesical BCG therapy for urothelial cancers.