Volume of hepatoid component and intratumor M2 macrophages predict prognosis in patients with hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

Background: Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS), a subtype of gastric cancer (GC), includes multiple tumor components, such as enteroblastic and tubular adenocarcinoma components. However, which component mostly contributes to the aggressive behavior of HAS remains unclear. Moreover, the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has not been explored in HAS.

Arginase 2 attenuates ulcerative colitis by antioxidant effects of spermidine.

Background: Spermidine suppress oxidative stress and is involved in various disease pathogenesis including ulcerative colitis (UC). Arginase 2 (ARG2) plays a central role in the synthesis of spermidine. This study aimed to clarify the effect of endogenously produced spermidine on colitis.

Clinicopathological significance of microsatellite instability and immune escape mechanism in patients with gastric solid-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.

Background: In gastric solid-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDA), the role of microsatellite instability and immune escape mechanism remains unclear. The current study aimed to elucidate the clinical significance of mismatch repair (MMR) status, genome profile, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) expression, and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration in solid-type PDA.

Methods: In total, 102 primary solid-type PDA cases were retrieved, and classified into 46 deficient-MMR (dMMR) and 56 proficient-MMR (pMMR) cases based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction-based molecular testing results.

Clinical Features of Gastroduodenal Ulcers in Kidney Transplant Patients.

Objective The risk of developing peptic ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether or not kidney transplant patients, who are treated with multiple medications, including immunosuppressive drugs, are at an increased risk of developing peptic ulcers is unclear. Methods In this retrospective study, we compared the clinical and endoscopic features of gastroduodenal ulcers between kidney transplant patients and CKD patients.

Continuous use of antithrombotic medications during peri-endoscopic submucosal dissection period for colorectal lesions: A propensity score matched study.

Background And Aim: The aim of this study was to elucidate the continuous use of antithrombotic medications during the peri-colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) period.

Methods: This study included 468 patients with colorectal epithelial neoplasms treated by ESD, consisting of 82 under antithrombotic medications and 386 patients without the medications. Among patients taking antithrombotic medications, antithrombotic agents were continued during the peri-ESD period.

Solid-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach: A characteristic morphology reveals a distinctive immunoregulatory tumor microenvironment.

Solid-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (solid-type-PDA) of the stomach is a unique histological subtype of "tubular adenocarcinoma", but little is known about its clinicopathological features, molecular pathological characteristics and immunoregulatory tumor microenvironment. Herein, we examined the immunohistochemical expressions of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6) in 57 cases of solid-type-PDA and classified them as either MMR-deficient or -proficient (dMMR, N = 23; pMMR, N = 34), and additionally identified 18 dMMR-well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (WDA) and 34 pMMR-WDA as control groups. We analyzed and compared solid-type-PDA with WDA by evaluating the immunoexpressions of key immune pathway proteins (programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (CD8, Foxp3 and PD-1).

Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of mesenteric veins depicted by barium enema examination, and conventional and magnifying colonoscopy.

A 71-year-old man was admitted to our institution complaining of abdominal pain and constipation. Barium enema examination revealed narrowing, cobble stoning, and longitudinal ulcerations in the sigmoid colon and upper rectum. Conventional colonoscopy, magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy, and magnifying chromoendoscopy revealed edematous mucosa, longitudinal ulcerations with luminal narrowing, and multiple pseudopolyps.

One-year clinical efficacy and safety of indigo naturalis for active ulcerative colitis: a real-world prospective study.

Background/aims: Recent studies suggested a favorable effect of indigo naturalis (IN) in inducing remission for refractory ulcerative colitis (UC), however, the maintenance effect of IN for patients with UC remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted a prospective uncontrolled open-label study to analyze the efficacy and safety of IN for patients with UC.

Methods: Patients with moderate to severe active UC (clinical activity index [CAI] ≥ 8) took 2 g/day of IN for 52 weeks.

Rectal Phenotype of Perianal Paget Disease: Rare Concomitant Phenomena.

Aim: Classically, 'Paget disease' refers to a distinct histological pattern in breast carcinoma. Here, we review the clinicopathological features of anorectal adenocarcinoma with 'pagetoid' spread.

Materials And Methods: Histological and immunohistochemical records for 11 cases of anorectal adenocarcinoma with pagetoid spread among 958 Japanese patients with primary rectal/anal carcinoma were reviewed.

Tumor progression by epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ARID1A- and SMARCA4-aberrant solid-type poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma.

Solid-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDA) of the stomach is frequently associated with microsatellite instability (MSI) and aberrations of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Previous studies showed that aberrant ARID1A and SMARCA4 expression induces mesenchymal transition. We analyzed 51 primary-site cases and 209 metastatic lymph nodes among solid-type PDA for the expression of SWI/SNF complex subunits (ARID1A, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, SMARCC2) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, β-catenin, Snail).

Lymphoid and myeloid proliferative disorders associated with inflammatory bowel disease: a clinicopathological study of 15 cases.

Lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) can occur in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). On rare occasions, patients with IBD develop myeloid neoplasms; however, the frequency and clinicopathological features of IBD-associated lymphoid and myeloid proliferative disorder (LMPD) in Japanese patients are still unclear. In this study, we reviewed 2474 Japanese patients with IBD and found that LMPD occurred in 12 (0.

Role of barium enema examination for the diagnosis of submucosal invasion depth in T1 colorectal cancers.

Background: The indication for endoscopic resection for submucosally invasive colorectal cancer (T1-CRC) depends on the preoperative diagnosis of invasion depth. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the association between barium enema examination (BE) profile views and depth of submucosal (SM) invasion in CRCs.

Methods: We reviewed the radiographic and endoscopic findings of 145 T1-CRCs diagnosed from 2008 to 2019.

The association between the expression of PD-L1 and CMTM6 in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.

Background: Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a sarcoma with a poor prognosis. A clinical trial, SARC028, revealed that treatment with anti-PD-1 drugs was effective against UPS. Studies have reported that UPS expresses PD-L1, sometimes strongly (≥ 50%).