Serum phosphate level at initiation of dialysis is associated with all-cause mortality: a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Introduction: As glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases, serum phosphate level increases. Previous reports indicated that serum phosphate level was associated with mortality in patients on dialysis. However, few reports have examined the association using dialysis initiation as the baseline period.

Evaluation of the Relationship between the Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Level at Dialysis Initiation and All-Cause Mortality: A Multicenter, Prospective Study.

Background/aim: High serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels predict mortality independent of bone metabolism parameters and liver function test results in patients on hemodialysis. The relationship between serum ALP at dialysis initiation and mortality during maintenance dialysis is unknown; therefore, we aimed to identify an association.

Methods: This multicenter, prospective cohort study analyzed 1,213 patients registered in the Aichi Cohort Study of Prognosis in Patients Newly Initiated into Dialysis from October 2011 to September 2013.

Protective role of fructokinase blockade in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury in mice.

Acute kidney injury is associated with high mortality, especially in intensive care unit patients. The polyol pathway is a metabolic route able to convert glucose into fructose. Here we show the detrimental role of endogenous fructose production by the polyol pathway and its metabolism through fructokinase in the pathogenesis of ischaemic acute kidney injury (iAKI).

Endogenous fructose production and fructokinase activation mediate renal injury in diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetes is associated with activation of the polyol pathway, in which glucose is converted to sorbitol by aldose reductase. Previous studies focused on the role of sorbitol in mediating diabetic complications. However, in the proximal tubule, sorbitol can be converted to fructose, which is then metabolized largely by fructokinase, also known as ketohexokinase, leading to ATP depletion, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and oxidative stress.

Fructokinase activity mediates dehydration-induced renal injury.

The epidemic of chronic kidney disease in Nicaragua (Mesoamerican nephropathy) has been linked with recurrent dehydration. Here we tested whether recurrent dehydration may cause renal injury by activation of the polyol pathway, resulting in the generation of endogenous fructose in the kidney that might subsequently induce renal injury via metabolism by fructokinase. Wild-type and fructokinase-deficient mice were subjected to recurrent heat-induced dehydration.

Endogenous fructose production and metabolism in the liver contributes to the development of metabolic syndrome.

Carbohydrates with high glycaemic index are proposed to promote the development of obesity, insulin resistance and fatty liver, but the mechanism by which this occurs remains unknown. High serum glucose concentrations are known to induce the polyol pathway and increase fructose generation in the liver. Here we show that this hepatic, endogenously produced fructose causes systemic metabolic changes.

High-fat and high-sucrose (western) diet induces steatohepatitis that is dependent on fructokinase.

Unlabelled: Fructose intake from added sugars has been implicated as a cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Here we tested the hypothesis that fructose may interact with a high-fat diet to induce fatty liver, and to determine if this was dependent on a key enzyme in fructose metabolism, fructokinase. Wild-type or fructokinase knockout mice were fed a low-fat (11%), high-fat (36%), or high-fat (36%) and high-sucrose (30%) diet for 15 weeks.

Deficiency of growth factor midkine exacerbates necrotizing glomerular injuries in progressive glomerulonephritis.

Inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrin deposition play important roles in the development of crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN). In particular, activation of coagulation is an indispensable factor in crescent formation. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of crescent formation have not been completely elucidated.

Atelocollagen-mediated systemic delivery prevents immunostimulatory adverse effects of siRNA in mammals.

Short interfering RNA (siRNA) is a potent activator of the mammalian innate immune system. When considering possible clinical applications of siRNA for humans, the adverse immunostimulatory effects must also be taken into account. Here, we show that atelocollagen-mediated systemic delivery of siRNA without chemical modifications did not cause any immunostimulation in both animals and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), even if the siRNA harbored an interferon (IFN)-inducible sequence.

Relationship between renal function at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention and prognosis in ischemic heart disease patients.

Background: As hypertension and diabetes mellitus increase, the number of patients developing complications of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with conventional risk factors is increasing. In addition to these risk factors for CVD, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has also been reported to play an important role. We investigated the association of representative ischemic heart disease and CKD.

Effect of an educational program on the predialysis period for patients with chronic renal failure.

Background: The purpose of the treatment and management of chronic renal failure during the predialysis period is mainly to retard the progression of the deterioration of renal function. Optimal dialysis initiation is important to improve the patient's outcome after therapy. We investigated whether providing information through an original educational program could facilitate dialysis initiation, with the patient in a better condition, and therefore greater cost-effectiveness.

[Effect of vitamin D on remaining kidney function after chronic kidney failure in preservation period patient].

It is necessary to manage the secondary hyperparathyroidism at the early stage. We concern about vitamin D, one of the treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism has some adverse effects on the kidney function. We administered oral vitamin D (alfa calcidol 0.