Publications by authors named "Shinichiro Hiraoka"

Background: Sarcopenia has been identified as a potential negative prognostic factor in cancer patients. In this study, our objective was to investigate the relationship between the assessment method for sarcopenia using the masseter muscle volume measured on computed tomography (CT) images and the life expectancy of patients with oral cancer. We also developed a learning model using deep learning to automatically extract the masseter muscle volume and investigated its association with the life expectancy of oral cancer patients.

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  • * 78 dentists participated, using Tobii Pro Nano technology to record and analyze gaze patterns during visual examinations of oral lesions.
  • * Preliminary results indicate that gaze data can help identify critical areas for diagnosis and suggest optimal examination methods, potentially enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.
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  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease that leads to progressive muscle weakness and paralysis, with no effective treatments currently available.
  • Recent studies show that 30% of ALS patients experience sensory symptoms, and that sensory neurons may also be affected alongside motor neurons, evidenced by nerve conduction issues and biopsies showing abnormalities.
  • The review highlights the role of sensory neuron dysfunction in ALS, including potential networks with motor neurons and the promise of targeting these sensory neurons for new therapeutic approaches.
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  • The study aims to determine the effectiveness of perioperative immunonutrition in adult patients undergoing surgery for head and neck or gastrointestinal cancers, focusing on those with or without malnutrition.
  • A review of randomized controlled trials showed that immunonutrition, involving specific nutrients like arginine and omega fatty acids, significantly decreased both total and infectious postoperative complications compared to standard nutritional care.
  • The findings suggest that integrating immunonutrition in the perioperative phase can lead to better clinical outcomes for patients undergoing elective surgery for these types of cancers.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Feeding disorders are observed in patients with ALS. The mastication movements and their systemic effects in patients with ALS with feeding disorders remain unclear.

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Background: Although cervical lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic factor for oral cancer, occult metastases remain undetected even by diagnostic imaging. We developed a learning model to predict lymph node metastasis in resected specimens of tongue cancer by classifying the level of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for angiogenesis- and lymphangiogenesis-related proteins using a multilayer perceptron neural network (MNN).

Methods: We obtained a dataset of 76 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who had undergone primary tumor resection.

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Objectives: The risk of postoperative infection after reconstructive oral cancer surgery is high and poses a problem in perioperative management. The objective of this study was to verify the association between preoperative nutritional indicators, surgical site infection (SSI), and long-term prognosis after reconstruction for oral cancer.

Study Design: Sixty-seven patients admitted to a dental hospital were enrolled.

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Purpose: Dental implants without proper maintenance may lead to serious consequences, such as peri-implantitis. Peri-implantitis in patients undergoing antitumour chemotherapy can negatively affect the prognosis of treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the onset of peri-implantitis and the effects of oral hygiene management in patients with dental implants undergoing antitumour chemotherapy.

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Background: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare, extremely aggressive malignancy that arises in the submandibular gland. It can metastasize locally early and therefore is an important differential diagnosis of metastatic disease in cervical lymph nodes or specific lymphadenitis such as tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis.

Case Summary: We report a case of SDC in the submandibular gland that presented diagnostic difficulty.

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Lymph node (LN) metastasis has been suggested as a major prognostic factor for oral cancer. Knockdown of the growth factors and receptors involved in these metastatic mechanisms could significantly reduce LN metastasis and improve the survival of oral cancer patients after treatment. The present study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the expression levels of the following growth factors and receptors in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue: the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‑C and VEGF‑D, which bind to the cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor VEGF receptor‑3 (VEGFR‑3); C‑C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7); neuropilin (NRP)1 and NRP2; and semaphorin 3E (SEMA3E).

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The B7/CD28 co-stimulatory pathway plays a critical role in T cell activation and differentiation. Our previous study demonstrated that administration of B7.2-Ig fusion proteins to tumor-bearing mice elicits IL-4-dependent, CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor regression.

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The B7/CD28 costimulatory pathway plays a critical role in T cell activation including Th1/Th2 differentiation. However, little is known about whether CD28 costimulation favors polarization of either Th1 and Th2 or both. Here, we show a critical role of the natural ligands for CD28 molecules (B7.

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CD28 signals contribute to either type 1 or type 2 T cell differentiation. Here, we show that administration of B7.2-Ig fusion proteins to tumor-bearing mice induces tumor regression by promoting the differentiation of antitumor type 2 CD8(+) effector T cells along with IL-4 production.

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