Effects of particle size of processed barley grain, enzyme addition and microwave treatment on disappearance and gas production for feedlot cattle.

Objective: The effects of particle size of processed barley grain, enzyme addition and microwave treatment on dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD), gas production and fermentation pH were investigated for feedlot cattle.

Methods: Rumen fluid from four fistulated feedlot cattle fed a diet of 860 dry-rolled barley grain, 90 maize silage and 50 supplement g/kg DM was used as inoculum in 3 batch culture studies. In Experiment 1, dry-rolled barley and barley ground through a 1-, 2-, or 4-mm screen were used to obtain four substrates differing in particle size.

The effect of pelleting on in situ rumen degradability of compound feed containing brown rice for dairy cows.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of pelleting on in situ dry matter degradability of pelleted compound feed containing brown rice for dairy cows. Mash feed of the same composition was used as a control and the in situ study was conducted using three non-lactating Holstein steers fitted with a rumen cannula. The feeds contained 32.

Changes in vitamin A added to a fermented total mixed ration prepared with reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.).

A fermented total mixed ration (TMR) was prepared by adding a vitamin premix containing vitamin A and enzyme to reed canarygrass roughage. The vitamin A levels were then determined after 30 days of fermentation at 20 or 30°C. The vitamin A contents had decreased in roughage fermented at both storage temperatures, and decreased further when an enzyme supplement was included.

NK-cell neoplasms in Japan.

Neoplasms putatively originating from precursor and mature natural killer (NK) cells are rare, and their clinical features are unclear. A nationwide survey was performed in Japan to clarify the clinical features of these neoplasms diagnosed between 1994 and 1998, and data for 237 patients who met the criteria for putative NK cell-lineage neoplasms were analyzed. Among them, 11 had myeloid/NK-cell precursor acute leukemia, 15 blastic NK-cell lymphoma, 21 precursor NK-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 22 aggressive NK-cell leukemia/lymphoma, 149 nasal-type NK-cell lymphoma (123 nasal and 26 extranasal) and 19 chronic NK lymphocytosis.