Retrospective study of risk factors for tympanic membrane perforation in the early period after intratympanic steroid injection.

Objective: Intratympanic steroid injection (ITSI) can be an effective treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss or Meniere's disease. Tympanic membrane (TM) perforation after ITSI is a major complication which needs additional treatment. The purpose of this study is to assess the factors associated with TM perforation after ITSI.

Vestibular Neuritis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Retrospective Study.

Objective To determine if the COVID-19 vaccine can cause vestibular neuritis (VN). Design Retrospective study. Setting Vertigo outpatient clinic of the Department of Otolaryngology JR Tokyo General Hospital.

Non-invasive objective evaluation of radiotherapy-induced dry mouth.

Background: Dry mouth is a common complaint in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Here, we employed the oral moisture meter Mucus III to evaluate dry mouth in head and neck tumor patients before and after they underwent radiotherapy.

Methods: We recruited 17 newly diagnosed patients with pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma or unknown primary squamous cell carcinoma, who received head and neck radiation therapy at Tokyo University Hospital in 2008-2010.

Trial of Chinese medicine Wu-Ling-San for acute low-tone hearing loss.

Purpose: We used new criteria to elucidate the demographics of acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL) and tested the Chinese medicine Wu-Ling-San as a treatment for ALHL.

Procedures: We reviewed the medical records of patients with ALHL seen at the outpatient clinic of the Social Insurance Central General Hospital in Tokyo from April 2006 through August 2011. Patients were treated with an oral steroid, a diuretic, or Wu-Ling-San; alone or in combination.

Recurrent hoarseness due to inflammatory vocal fold lesions in a patient with Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by discontinuous chronic inflammation that may affect virtually all organs, including the head and neck. Laryngeal involvement in Crohn's disease is very rare, and only 9 cases have been reported. All 9 patients complained of difficulty in breathing due to edema and ulceration from the larynx to the hypopharynx.

Otosclerosis associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: report of a case.

Hearing loss occurs rarely in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). We report a case of a 24-year-old woman with EDS who had conductive deafness due to otosclerosis and scar tissues around the malleus and incus. The scar was considered to develop by inflammatory response specific to EDS that had been induced by otitis media with effusion.

Aplasia and displacement of the horizontal portion of the petrous carotid artery in mandibulofacial dysostosis.

Conclusions: The horizontal portion of the petrous carotid artery (HPCA) of mandibulofacial dysostosis (MFD) patients had anterior-inferior displacement or was aplasia at birth. Our findings indicate that most MFD patients have aplasia of the internal carotid artery. This information may be very important for safe reconstruction surgery in atresia.

Objective and non-invasive evaluation of dry mouth.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the moisture checker (MucusIII), a new device for measuring moisture of the oral submucosa.

Methods: Defective salivary secretion was induced by sialoadenectomy (n=8), while the remaining five guinea pigs underwent sham surgery (control group). We measured the unstimulated salivary flow rate, wetness of the oral mucosa using the oral tester (L-SALIVO) and moisture of the submucosa of the tongue using MucusIII.

Large jugular bulb diverticulum invading the internal auditory canal.

Objectives: We report, with neuro-otologic findings, a very rare case of a large jugular bulb diverticulum eroding the internal auditory canal (IAC).

Methods: We present the imaging and functional studies of a 29-year-old woman in whom a large jugular bulb diverticulum on the left side was found incidentally.

Results: Imaging studies revealed a normal external auditory canal, middle ear, and inner ear, but a large jugular bulb diverticulum extending superiorly on the left side had eroded the IAC from below and behind with destruction of the petrous bone.

Results of hearing tests after total middle ear reconstruction.

Conclusions: Patients treated by mastoidectomy in the past often present with hearing loss and cavity problems such as pus discharge. Total middle ear reconstruction (TMER) improves the hearing of these patients by correcting cavity problems and resolution of ear discharge, which facilitates ossicular chain reconstruction such as type III or type IV tympanoplasty.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of TMER in improving hearing.

An effective management regimen for laryngeal granuloma caused by gastro-esophageal reflux: combination therapy with suggestions for lifestyle modifications.

According to our previous study, lifestyle modification in combination with drug therapy is much more effective than drug therapy alone in cases of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Most patients with LPR will have chronic gastro-esophageal reflux diseases (GERD) and require long-term medical therapy for control, resulting in high total expenditure on pharmacologic agents. We combined pharmacologic management with lifestyle modifications for the management of GERD with successful outcomes in patients with GERD-related laryngeal granulomas.

Hearing levels in patients with microtia: correlation with temporal bone malformation.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between hearing level and temporal bone abnormalities in patients with microtia.

Study Design: Retrospective case series study between 1992 and 2004.

Setting: Academic, tertiary care referral medical center.

Neuro-otologic findings in unilateral isolated narrow internal auditory meatus.

Objective: To report neuro-otologic findings concerning the four nerves in the internal auditory meatus (IAM) in patients with isolated congenitally narrow IAM and explore the implications regarding ontogeny of the nerves in the IAM.

Design: Retrospective case series study.

Setting: University hospital.

Correlation between microtia and temporal bone malformation evaluated using grading systems.

Objective: To evaluate the relationships between temporal bone abnormalities and the severity of microtia in Japanese patients using objective grading systems.

Design: Retrospective case series study conducted between 1992 and 2003.

Setting: Academic, tertiary care, referral medical center.

Cortical activation shortly after cochlear implantation.

We evaluated the cortical activations in postlingually deaf cochlear implant (CI) users in the early period (0-2 months) of CI usage. The subjects were 8 early CI users and 8 normal subjects. With tone burst stimuli (1 kHz) delivered to the right side, strong and broad activation of the ipsilateral (right) primary auditory cortex with 2 peaks and weaker activation of the contralateral (left) temporal lobe were observed in early CI users, in a clear contrast with the normal subjects in whom activation was observed in a small area of the contralateral (left) primary cortex.

The role of the external auditory canal in the development of the malleal manubrium in humans.

Objective: To determine if the external auditory canal (EAC) plays a role in the induction and proper positioning of the malleal manubrium in humans.

Study Design: Retrospective study between 1994 and 2002.

Setting: Academic, tertiary care referral medical center.

Math1 gene transfer generates new cochlear hair cells in mature guinea pigs in vivo.

Hair cell loss in the mammalian cochlea is irreversible and results in permanent hearing loss. Math1, the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor homolog of the Drosophila atonal gene, is a positive regulator of hair cell differentiation during cochlear development. Developing hair cells express Math1, and nonsensory cells do not.

A glucocorticoid reduces adverse effects of adenovirus vectors in the cochlea.

Gene transfer using a recombinant adenovirus is a powerful tool for research and clinical applications, but its cytotoxicity and immune response limit its use, especially when repeated application of the vector is necessary. This study investigated the effects of dexamethasone (DEX)-induced immunosuppression on the outcome of adenovirus gene transfer in guinea pig inner ears. Animals received DEX for 29 days.

Assessment of total middle ear reconstruction by patient survey correlated with clinical findings.

Objective: Our objective was to assess, by patient survey and clinical examination, the results of correctional total middle ear reconstruction of problematic mastoid cavities following radical or modified radical mastoidectomy.

Setting: This study was performed in an academic tertiary referral center.

Patients: The study consisted of a retrospective survey, using the modified hearing satisfaction scale, of 50 patients, who had undergone total middle ear reconstruction of their problematic mastoid cavities.