Early Complications Following Facial Laceration Repair Performed by Emergency Physicians After One Year of Wound Closure Training.

Objective: Facial lacerations, which are common in the emergency department, have usually been repaired by non-facial trauma specialists, such as emergency physicians. Given the ongoing discussion regarding quality assurance or the optimal training model on facial laceration repair for nonspecialists, we sought to determine the impact of a 1-year wound closure training provided to emergency physicians. We hypothesized a decrease in early complications following facial wound closure after the training.

Incidence and Characteristics of Bath-related Accidents.

Objective Bath-related sudden cardiac arrests frequently occur in Japan. This study aimed to describe the actual incidence and characteristics of bath-related accidents, including non-fatal events, and to establish the etiology of bath-related sudden cardiac arrest. Methods This prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Tokyo Metropolis and Saga and Yamagata Prefectures between October 2012 and March 2013.

Relationship between Bath-related Deaths and Low Air Temperature.

Objective Bath-related sudden cardiac arrests occur frequently in Japan. Although previous studies have reported that most fatal events occurr in winter, the reason why such events exhibit a seasonal variation has not been elucidated. In this study, we hypothesized that the occurrence of bath-related deaths was correlated with a low air temperature.

Effect of Retroperitoneal Pelvic Packing on Pelvic Cavity Pressure: A Cadaveric Study.

Limited clinical evidence demonstrates the effectiveness of direct retroperitoneal pelvic packing for hemorrhage control in pelvic fractures due to the difficulty in measuring pressure on the pelvic walls within the pelvic cavity after retroperitoneal pelvic packing. Using a cadaver model, the authors aimed to assess whether retroperitoneal pelvic packing generates pressure that exceeds the venous return and arterial pressure in the pelvis. The pressure on the pelvic wall was measured in 5 fresh Japanese cadavers.

Sudden Death Phenomenon While Bathing in Japan - Mortality Data.

Background: Bath-related sudden cardiac arrest frequently occurs in Japan, but the mortality data have not been sufficiently reported.Methods and Results:This prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Tokyo Metropolis, Saga Prefecture and Yamagata Prefecture between October 2012 and March 2013 (i.e.

Early Lactate Clearance Is Associated With Improved Outcomes in Patients With Postcardiac Arrest Syndrome: A Prospective, Multicenter Observational Study (SOS-KANTO 2012 Study).

Objectives: To determine whether early lactate reduction is associated with improved survival and good neurologic outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Design: Ad hoc data analysis of a prospective, multicenter observational study.

Setting: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients at 67 emergency hospitals in Kanto, Japan between January 2012 and March 2013.

The Effects of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation on Adverse Left Ventricular Remodeling After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction - First Pilot Study in Humans.

Background: Hydrogen gas inhalation (HI) reduced infarct size and mitigated adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We designed a prospective, open-label, rater-blinded clinical pilot study in patients experiencing ST-elevated MI (STEMI).Methods and Results:The 20 patients with an initial diagnosis of STEMI were assigned to either an HI group (1.

Generation of kidney tubular organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.

Recent advances in stem cell research have resulted in methods to generate kidney organoids from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which contain cells of multiple lineages including nephron epithelial cells. Methods to purify specific types of cells from differentiated hPSCs, however, have not been established well. For bioengineering, cell transplantation, and disease modeling, it would be useful to establish those methods to obtain pure populations of specific types of kidney cells.

Notch2 Signaling Regulates the Proliferation of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells via c-Myc Expression.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) reside in the bone marrow and maintain their stemness under hypoxic conditions. However, the mechanism underlying the effects of hypoxia on MSCs remains to be elucidated. This study attempted to uncover the signaling pathway of MSC proliferation.

Feasibility and Safety of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation for Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome - First-in-Human Pilot Study.

Background: Hydrogen gas inhalation (HI) ameliorates cerebral and cardiac dysfunction in animal models of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). HI for human patients with PCAS has never been studied.

Methods and results: Between January 2014 and January 2015, 21 of 107 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest achieved spontaneous return of circulation.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training in Schools: A Comparison of Trainee Satisfaction among Different Age Groups.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has recently been added to the school curriculum worldwide and is currently taught to students between the ages of 10 and 16 years. The effect of the age of trainees on their satisfaction with CPR training has yet been elucidated. The aim of this study was to compare the satisfaction of trainees of different ages who participated in CPR training in schools in Japan.

Vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma, and platelet transfusion used to arrest progression of intracranial hemorrhage after traumatic brain injury in a patient taking anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents.

Case: An 89-year-old man fell from stairs and sustained head trauma. He was taking warfarin and aspirin. Upon arrival at our hospital, his Glasgow Coma Scale score was 14.

Investigation and treatment of pulmonary embolism as a potential etiology may be important to improve post-resuscitation prognosis in non-shockable out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest: report on an analysis of the SOS-KANTO 2012 study.

Background: The prognosis of non-shockable out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is worse than that of shockable out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We investigated the associations between the etiology and prognosis of non-shockable out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who experienced the return of spontaneous circulation after arriving at hospital.

Methods And Results: All subjects were extracted from the SOS-KANTO 2012 study population.

Comparison of the effects of low-dose rosuvastatin on plasma levels of cholesterol and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in 3 ultracentrifugally separated low-density lipoprotein subfractions.

Background: Plasma-oxidized (ox) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is an atherogenic lipoprotein. The distribution of ox-LDL in plasma LDL subfractions and the effect of statins on this distribution have not been investigated in detail.

Objective: We examined the distribution of cholesterol and ox-LDL in 3 ultracentrifugally separated plasma LDL subfractions and investigated the effects of a statin, rosuvastatin, on the levels of these lipoproteins.

Double traction method-an easy and safe reduction method for anterior shoulder dislocations, even for non-orthopedic surgeons.

Cases: Forty-three male and 27 female patients with anterior shoulder dislocation, with an average age of 45 years, were treated with the "double traction method". The reduction is carried out by two operators, with the patient in a supine position. The first operator holds the patient's wrist and pulls gently longitudinally.

Prognostic factors of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in adults.

Objectives: The mortality of severe sepsis has markedly decreased since the implementation of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines. The next logical step is to examine the necessity of individualized management guidelines for targeted therapy against specific bacteria. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired severe sepsis; however, little is known regarding the prognostic factors in adult patients with S pneumoniae sepsis.

Emergency medicine as a specialty in Asia.

Aim: We aim to examine the similarities and differences in areas of EM development, workload, workforce, and capabilities and support in the Asia region. Emerging challenges faced by our EM community are also discussed.

Methods: The National Societies for Emergency Medicine of Hong Kong, India, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Turkey participated in the joint Japanese Association of Acute Medicine (JAAM) and Asian Conference of Emergency Medicine (ACEM) Special Symposium held in October 2013 at Tokyo, Japan.

Crowned dens syndrome: reports of six cases and review of the literature.

Case: We have reported six cases of Crowned dens syndrome (CDS) diagnosed by computed tomography (CT). Presenting cases were three male and three female, aged from 45 to 89 (averaged in 72).

Outcome: All cases showed calcification around the dens of axis in CTs.

Validation of inflationary noninvasive blood pressure monitoring in the emergency room.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the values of a noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurement during cuff inflation (inflationary NIBP) and deflationary NIBP measurements and to verify whether inflationary NIBP is equivalent to conventional deflationary NIBP and is acceptable for clinical use in the emergency room (ER).

Materials And Methods: A total of 2981 NIBP data points were collected from 175 patients (age, 56.5±22.

Changes in ultracentrifugally separated plasma lipoprotein subfractions in patients with polygenic hypercholesterolemia, familial combined hyperlipoproteinemia, and familial hypercholesterolemia after treatment with atorvastatin.

Background: Plasma levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are decreased through stimulation of their hepatic uptake by statins via an LDL receptor. However, it is unclear whether statins equally stimulate the hepatic uptake of all LDL subfractions.

Objective: We compared the effects of atorvastatin on 3 LDL subfractions, and their associations with LDL-receptor activities, in Japanese patients with polygenic hypercholesterolemia (PHC), familial combined hyperlipoproteinemia (FCHL), and familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).