[18F]FDG PET/CT in Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Case Series Investigating the Clinical Utility in a Challenging and Rare Condition.

Necrotizing fasciitis is a deadly yet rare soft tissue and skin infection that is usually diagnosed clinically. At times, clinical signs may betray the underlying etiology and masquerade as cellulitis in the early course of the disease. We report four cases with clinical suspicion of necrotizing fasciitis, some after the failure of therapy for cellulitis who underwent 18-F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18-F FDG PET/CT) showing the extent of the disease, showing subclinical sites of involvement in patients with necrotizing fasciitis on baseline scan as well as its role in assessing response to treatment using 18-F FDG PET/CT.

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreaks associated with Coxsackievirus A-24 in India, 2023.

Objective: Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), commonly called pink eye, saw an alarming increase in incidence from July to September 2023 in different parts of India. Pink eye occurrences had reportedly increased three to four times more than in prior years, raising concerns among the community and healthcare professionals. This study aimed to identify the aetiological agent associated with AHC in 2023, genetically characterize the agent and describe the clinical presentation.

Organs in plain sight-parotid gland doses in short-course palliative whole-brain radiotherapy.

Purpose: Palliative whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is a useful treatment modality for patients diagnosed with brain metastasis. Our study aimed to document parotid doses using a short course of 20 Gy in five fractions (SC-WBRT) and compare them with the known xerostomia parameters.

Methods And Materials: We retrieved dosimetric parameters for 59 patients who received SC-WBRT.

Self-powered γ-InSe/p-Si heterojunction for photodetection: exploring humidity and light intensity dependent photoresponse.

In this study, high-quality γ-InSe thin films were successfully deposited on p-Si substrates via the RF sputtering technique. Structural characterization using XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the hexagonal γ-phase of InSe film. FESEM analysis revealed the presence of small, homogeneous, and well-defined grains in the prepared γ-InSe film.

Draft genome sequences of multi-drug-resistant strains isolated from ulcerative colitis patients.

The whole-genome sequences of four multi-drug-resistant strains, namely, DAK02, DAK03, DAK05, and DAK10, are reported here. The strains were isolated from fecal samples of ulcerative colitis patients from Northern India. The size of the draft genome sequence ranged from 4,809 to 5,000 kb.

Downregulation of microRNA-29b in cancer and fibrosis: molecular insights and clinical implications.

MicroRNA-29b (miR-29b) is known for its therapeutic potential as an antifibrotic and anticancer agent. In fibrotic conditions, miR-29b inhibits fibrogenesis by downregulating crucial regulators such as collagens, extracellular matrix proteins and the transforming growth factor-β pathway. Similarly, in cancer, it acts as a tumor suppressor by downregulating various oncogenes and signaling pathways involved in cancer progression, such as Wnt-β-catenin, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB.

Putting computational models of immunity to the test - an invited challenge to predict vaccination outcomes.

Systems vaccinology studies have been used to build computational models that predict individual vaccine responses and identify the factors contributing to differences in outcome. Comparing such models is challenging due to variability in study designs. To address this, we established a community resource to compare models predicting booster responses and generate experimental data for the explicit purpose of model evaluation.

Posterior Component Separation Technique-Original Transversus Abdominis Release (TAR) Technique.

The history of ventral hernia repair techniques has seen substantial evolution, from primary suture repair to the introduction of mesh-based procedures, aiming to reduce recurrence rates. Notable advancements include the anterior and posterior component separation techniques. The Transversus Abdominis Release (TAR) technique, a refinement of the posterior approach, emerged to address challenges associated with complex ventral hernias.

Clinical Characteristics, Identification, and Treatment of Lichen Planus: A Case Report.

Women are primarily affected by lichen planus, a chronic autoimmune skin and mucosal disorder in their 40s to 60s. Medication, systemic disorders, and mental stress are some of the factors that can cause it, though the precise cause is still unknown. Middle-aged females are the main victims of the disease; children are rarely affected.

Synthesis of Porous Carbon Honeycomb Structures Derived from Hemp for Hybrid Supercapacitors with Improved Electrochemistry.

Energy storage in electrochemical hybrid capacitors involves fast faradaic reactions such as an intercalation, or redox process occurring at a solid electrode surface at an appropriate potential. Hybrid sodium-ion electrochemical capacitors bring the advantages of both the high specific power of capacitors and the high specific energy of batteries, where activated carbon serves as a critical electrode material. The charge storage in activated carbon arises from an adsorption process rather than a redox reaction and is an electrical double-layer capacitor.

Significance of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine intervention for patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic modality for many autoimmune, oncology, and infectious diseases to cure or prevent the underlying causes. Several immunotherapeutic agents are investigated for their beneficial potential in patients with diabetes. However, none have culminated into a successful therapy.

Th1 polarization in vaccine responses is maintained through a positive feedback loop.

Outbreaks of (BP), the causative agent of whooping cough, continue despite broad vaccination coverage and have been increasing since vaccination switched from whole-BP (wP) to acellular BP (aP) vaccines. wP vaccination has been associated with more durable protective immunity and an induced Th1 polarized memory T cell response. Here, a multi-omics approach was applied to profile the immune response of 30 wP and 31 aP-primed individuals and identify correlates of T cell polarization before and after Tdap booster vaccination.

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia: A nightmare for hernia surgeons.

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia is a rare inherited disorder affecting one in one million. It is characterised by a lack of platelet aggregation due to a defect in the platelet membrane receptor complex (αIIb/βIIIa), which mediates the aggregation of platelets at the site of vessel injury. We report here the first case of successful perioperative haemostatic management of a male patient with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, who underwent an elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Gut colonization with antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli pathobionts leads to disease severity in ulcerative colitis.

Background: Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative commensal of human gut. Surprisingly, the role of E. coli in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been explored until now.

Phosphorous - Containing Activated Carbon Derived From Natural Honeydew Peel Powers Aqueous Supercapacitors.

The introduction of phosphorous (P), and oxygen (O) heteroatoms in the natural honeydew chemical structure is one of the most effective, and practical approaches to synthesizing activated carbon for possible high-performance energy storage applications. The performance metrics of supercapacitors depend on surface functional groups and high-surface-area electrodes that can play a dominant role in areas that require high-power applications. Here, we report a phosphorous and oxygen co-doped honeydew peel-derived activated carbon (HDP-AC) electrode with low surface area for supercapacitor via HPO activation.

Identification of coxsackievirus A-24 GIV C5 strain as the cause of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreak in Hyderabad, India in 2022.

Viral infection is frequently the cause for acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) epidemics. AHC can result from adenoviruses, with enterovirus 70 and coxsackievirus A24 being the primary agents. AHC was initially identified in Ghana in 1969, caused by enterovirus 70 and leading to a global pandemic.

Glaucarubinone from DC. as a potential biocontrol agent for mosquito vector management.

The study explored DC. for mosquito larvicidal potential by performing bioactivity-guided chemical investigation of its root extract resulting in isolation of the known bioactive metabolite glaucarubinone (). Mosquito larvicidal activity of glaucarubinone () against the three vector species viz.

Degree of Cure, Microstructures, and Properties of Carbon/Epoxy Composites Processed via Frontal Polymerization.

The frontal polymerization (FP) of carbon/epoxy (C/Ep) composites is investigated, considering FP as a viable route for the additive manufacturing (AM) of thermoset composites. Neat epoxy (Ep) resin-, short carbon fiber (SCF)-, and continuous carbon fiber (CCF)-reinforced composites are considered in this study. The evolution of the exothermic reaction temperature, polymerization frontal velocity, degree of cure, microstructures, effects of fiber concentration, fracture surface, and thermal and mechanical properties are investigated.

Capecitabine loaded potato starch-chitosan nanoparticles: A novel approach for targeted therapy and improved outcomes in aggressive colon cancer.

Aggressive colon cancer treatment poses significant challenges. This study investigates the potential of innovative carbohydrate-based nanoparticles for targeted Capecitabine (CTB) delivery. CTB nanoparticles were synthesized by conjugating CTB with potato starch and chitosan using ultrasonication, hydrolysis, and ionotropic gelation.

Integrated longitudinal multiomics study identifies immune programs associated with acute COVID-19 severity and mortality.

BACKGROUNDPatients hospitalized for COVID-19 exhibit diverse clinical outcomes, with outcomes for some individuals diverging over time even though their initial disease severity appears similar to that of other patients. A systematic evaluation of molecular and cellular profiles over the full disease course can link immune programs and their coordination with progression heterogeneity.METHODSWe performed deep immunophenotyping and conducted longitudinal multiomics modeling, integrating 10 assays for 1,152 Immunophenotyping Assessment in a COVID-19 Cohort (IMPACC) study participants and identifying several immune cascades that were significant drivers of differential clinical outcomes.

Emergence of Recombinant Subclade D3/Y in Coxsackievirus A6 Strains in Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease (HFMD) Outbreak in India, 2022.

Coxsackievirus-A6 (CV-A6) is responsible for more severe dermatological manifestations compared to other enteroviruses such as CV-A10, CV-A16, and EV-A71, causing HFMD in children and adults. Between 2005 and 2007, the recombinant subclade D3/RF-A started to expand globally, and a CV-A6 pandemic started. The study aimed to conduct whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of an isolated CV-A6 strain from currently circulating HFMD cases from India in 2022.

Recent Developments and Future Perspectives of Molybdenum Borides and MBenes.

Metal borides have received a lot of attention recently as a potentially useful material for a wide range of applications. In particular, molybdenum-based borides and MBenes are of great significance, due to their remarkable properties like good electronic conductivity, considerable stability, high surface area, and environmental harmlessness. Therefore, in this article, the progress made in molybdenum-based borides and MBenes in recent years is reviewed.

Innovations in Diabetic Macular Edema Management: A Comprehensive Review of Automated Quantification and Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Intervention.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) poses a significant threat to the vision and quality of life of individuals with diabetes. This comprehensive review explores recent advancements in DME management, focusing on integrating automated quantification techniques and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) interventions. The review begins with an overview of DME, emphasizing its prevalence, impact on diabetic patients, and current challenges in management.

Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants: Post six months following two-dose & three-dose vaccination of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BBV152.

Background Objectives: The Omicron sub-lineages are known to have higher infectivity, immune escape and lower virulence. During December 2022 - January 2023 and March - April 2023, India witnessed increased SARS-CoV-2 infections, mostly due to newer Omicron sub-lineages. With this unprecedented rise in cases, we assessed the neutralization potential of individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV (Covishield) and BBV152 (Covaxin) against emerging Omicron sub-lineages.