In vivo temporal EPR study using a region-selected intensity determination method to estimate cerebral reducing ability in rats treated with olanzapine.

Region-selected intensity determination (RSID) is a method for obtaining the temporal changes in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal intensity from a target region, without the use of complicated procedures employed in the conventional imaging methods. An in vivo 700-MHz radio frequency EPR spectrometer equipped with a bridged loop-gap resonator was used with the RSID method to estimate intracerebral reducing ability in the rat following acute administration of olanzapine (OZP) or haloperidol (HPD). To this end, temporal changes in EPR signal intensity of target regions (the striatum and the prefrontal cortex) of rats which had received a blood-brain-barrier-permeable nitroxide radical (3-hydroxymethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl) via an intravenous route were observed.

Species-specific but not genotype-specific primary and secondary isotype-specific NSP4 antibody responses in gnotobiotic calves and piglets infected with homologous host bovine (NSP4[A]) or porcine (NSP4[B]) rotavirus.

Using recombinant baculoviruses expressing rotavirus NSP4 [A], [B], [C], and [D] genotypes of bovine, porcine, human, simian, or murine origin, we analyzed serum antibody responses to NSP4s in gnotobiotic calves and piglets infected by the oral/alimentary or intraamniotic route with bovine (NSP4[A]) (Wyatt, R.G., Mebus, C.

Homotypic and heterotypic serum isotype-specific antibody responses to rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 and viral protein (VP) 4, VP6, and VP7 in infants who received selected live oral rotavirus vaccines.

Homotypic and heterotypic serum isotype-specific antibody responses to rotavirus enterotoxin nonstructural protein (NSP)-4, independent neutralization antigens viral protein (VP)-4 and VP7, and group A rotavirus common antigen VP6 were analyzed by an immunocytochemistry assay in infants who received 1 of several live oral rotavirus vaccines. Significant serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG antibody responses to homotypic and/or heterotypic NSP4s of genotype [A], [B], or [C] were detected after vaccination. The magnitude of antibody responses to homotypic and heterotypic NSP4s was not significantly different, irrespective of the NSP4 genotype of the administered vaccine strain.