[Anesthetic management of a patient with multiple system atrophy undergoing adrenal gland tumor surgery].

We report anesthetic management of a 61-year-old man with multiple system atrophy undergoing adrenal grand tumor surgery. Before surgery, he was sufficiently hydrated and an elastic bandage had been applied to the legs. After epidural catheterization for the postoperative analgesia, general anesthesia was induced with midazolam 7 mg and remifentanil 0.

Effects of mexiletine, a CYP1A2 inhibitor, on tizanidine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

The aim of this study was to determine whether mexiletine, a CYP1A2 inhibitor, altered the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tizanidine. The pharmacokinetics of tizanidine were examined in an open-label study in 12 healthy participants after a single dose of tizanidine (2 mg) with and without mexiletine coadministration (50 mg, 3 times as a pretreatment for a day and 2 times on the study day). Compared with tizanidine alone, mexiletine coadministration increased the peak plasma concentration (1.

Assessment of clonidine orally disintegrating tablet for pre-anesthetic medication in pediatric surgery.

The purpose of this study is to assess orally-disintegrating (OD) tablet of clonidine hydrochloride (CL) for a pre-operative sedation in pediatric surgery. Sedation score and plasma CL concentration of OD formulation was compared with original preparation, CL lollipop, in pediatric patients. Fourteen patients (age: 3.

Mating communication systems of four Plusiinae species distributed in Japan: identification of the sex pheromones and field evaluation.

The sex pheromones of four Plusiinae species in the family Noctuidae, Ctenoplusia albostriata (CA), Macdunnoughia purissima (MP), Syngrapha ain (SA), and Diachrysia stenochrysis (DS) were identified by GC-EAD and GC-MS analyses. These were subsequently evaluated by a series of field trials in different ecological habitats. CA females produced (Z)-5-decenyl acetate (I), (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (II), and (Z)-7-dodecen-1-ol (III) in a ratio of 2:100:13.

Sex pheromones of five olethreutine species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) associated with the seedlings and fruits of mangrove plants in the Ryukyu Islands, Japan: identification and field evaluation.

The sex pheromones of three Cryptophlebia, one Centroxena, and one Eucosma species (Lepidoptera: Olethreutinae) inhabiting mangroves in the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, were studied with coupled gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection, and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The larvae of each Cryptophlebia species are specifically associated with viviparous seedlings from one of three mangrove Rhizophoraceae plants. Whereas three EAG-active alcohol components, (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol, (E)-8-dodecen1-ol, and dodecan-1-ol, in a ratio of 100:12:4, were identified from the pheromone gland extract of female of C.

Lepidopteran sex pheromones.

As a consequence of the diversity of Lepidoptera, including 150,000 described species, interesting species-specific sex pheromone systems are exhibited in this insect group. The quite varied pheromones, which have been identified from female moths of nearly 530 species from around the world, are classified into groups of Type I (75%), Type II (15%), and miscellaneous (10%), according to their chemical structures. Additionally, many pheromones produced by male moths and butterflies have been known.

Sex pheromone of the persimmon fruit moth, Stathmopoda masinissa: identification and laboratory bioassay of (4E, 6Z)-4,6-hexadecadien-1-ol derivatives.

Three electroantennogram (EAG)-active components were detected by gas chromatography coupled to an electroantennographic detector (GC-EAD) analysis of a hexane extract of the pheromone glands of the persimmon fruit moth, Stathmopoda masinissa. These compounds were identified as (4E,6Z)-4,6-hexadecadienal (E4,Z6-16:Ald) and the corresponding acetate (E4,Z6-16:OAc) and alcohol (E4,Z6-16:OH) by mass spectral, GC retention time (RT), and microchemical test data. The characteristic base peak of the aldehyde at m/z 84 provided a crucial piece of information suggesting the possibility of a 4,6-diene structure.

Sedation and plasma concentration of clonidine hydrochloride for pre-anesthetic medication in pediatric surgery.

Clonidine hydrochloride has been used for pre-anesthetic medication to provide a pre-operative sedation in pediatric surgery. The purpose of this study is to determine the plasma clonidine concentration, which gives satisfactory sedation in pediatric surgery. Sixteen pediatric patients (age: 1-11 years, weight: 9-33 kg) received either 2 or 4 microg/kg of clonidine lollipop before entering the operating room.

Identification of the sex pheromone components secreted by female moths of Peridroma saucia (Noctuidae: Noctuinae).

The variegated cutworm, Peridroma saucia Hübner, is a lepidopteran pest to a large number of crops in Canada, the United States, and Europe. It was probably naturalized in Japan in the 1970s. The pheromone glands of the female moth include two components with electroantennographic activity in a ratio of 3:1.

Sex attractants for moths of Vietnam: field attraction by synthetic lures baited with known lepidopteran pheromones.

Screening tests of synthetic lepidopteran sex pheromones were carried out at orchards in the Mekong Delta over an approximately two-year period starting from December 1998. Monoenyl acetates with a C10-C14 chain attracted six species distributed mainly in Southeast Asia: Adoxophyes privatana, Archips atrolucens, and Meridemisfurtiva in the Tortricidae family, and Argyrogramma signata. Spodoptera pectinicornis, and Zonoplusia ochreata in the Noctuidae family.