Interaction of Adiponectin Genotypes and Insulin Resistance on the Occurrence of Taiwanese Metabolic Syndrome.

Backgrounds: Adiponectin (apM1) may affect insulin sensitivity, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) can inhibit the binding of insulin and insulin receptors. However, whether and genes influence the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) preceded by insulin resistance is unclear. The current study examines the interactions between the +45 genotypes, -308 genotypes, and insulin resistance on the occurrence of MetS.

Rescue from Sexually Dimorphic Neuronal Cell Death by Estradiol and PI3 Kinase Activity.

Responses of primary hippocampal and cortical neurons derived from male and female rats to cellular stressors were studied. It is demonstrated that 17β-estradiol (E2), a potent neuroprotectant, protected the female neurons but had no effects on the male neurons from CoCl2- and glutamate-induced toxicity. Agonists of the estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes ERα and ERβ, DPN and PPT, respectively, had similar effects to E2.