The association of plasma asprosin with anthropometric and metabolic parameters in Korean children and adolescents.

Background: This study aimed to determine the correlation of plasma asprosin with anthropometric and metabolic parameters in Korean children and adolescents.

Methods: This single-center study included 109 Korean children and adolescents: 62 (56.9%) obese participants with a body mass index (BMI) ≥95th percentile and 47 (43.

The association between methimazole tapering and intractable Graves' disease in children.

Background: The aim of this study was to find predictive factors for intractable Graves' disease (GD).

Methods: Ninety-three GD patients who visited two pediatric endocrinology clinics from March 2009 to August 2019 were involved in this study. Data were collected on the methimazole (MZ) dosages prescribed from their first visits to their fifth visits.

Causality between Sex Hormones and Bone Mineral Density in Childhood: Age- and Tanner-Stage-Matched Sex Hormone Level May Be an Early Indicator of Pediatric Bone Fragility.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of hypogonadism on bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents with chronic diseases to determine the relationship between sex hormones and BMD. This retrospective study included 672 children and adolescents with chronic diseases such as hemato-oncologic, rheumatoid, gastrointestinal, and endocrinologic diseases. The relationship between the sex- and Tanner-stage-matched for sex hormones and the sex- and age-matched lumbar spine BMD (LSBMD) was evaluated.

The association of serum irisin with anthropometric, metabolic, and bone parameters in obese children and adolescents.

Background: Irisin is an adipomyokine secreted by muscle and adipose cells, and it plays a role in glucose, fat, and bone metabolism. This study aimed to determine the correlation of serum irisin levels with anthropometric, metabolic, and bone parameters in obese children and adolescents.

Methods: This single-center study included 103 Korean children and adolescents: 54 (52.

Usefulness of glycated albumin level as a glycemic index complementing glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic children and adolescents.

Purpose: Glycated albumin (GA) is a glycemic marker reflecting the average serum glucose of the previous 2 weeks. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of GA as a glycemic index to complement glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in children and adolescents.

Methods: Fifty-four children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 97 children and adolescents without DM (NDM) were enrolled.

Helicobacter pylori Treatment and Gastric Cancer Risk After Endoscopic Resection of Dysplasia: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: The study investigated the association between Helicobacter pylori treatment and the risk of gastric cancer after endoscopic resection of gastric dysplasia.

Methods: Patients who received endoscopic resection for gastric dysplasia between 2010 and 2020 from Korean nationwide insurance data were included. We verified the occurrence of new-onset gastric cancer and metachronous gastric neoplasm, which encompasses both cancer and dysplasia, >1 year after the index endoscopic resection.

High Glycated Hemoglobin Instead of High Body Mass Index Might Increase the Urine -Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase Con-Centration in Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus.

Children with diabetes, and particularly those with obesity, have poor glycemic control. They are thus at higher risk of early microvascular complications. Renal tubulointerstitial markers are integral to evaluating diabetic nephropathy.

Clinical Significance of the Fetuin-A-to-Adiponectin Ratio in Obese Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus.

Fetuin-A and adiponectin are inflammatory cytokines associated with obesity and insulin resistance. This study aimed to examine the fetuin-A-to-adiponectin ratio (FAR) in diabetic children and to determine the role of FAR. A total of 54 children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 44 controls aged 9-16 years were included in this study.

Correlation of timed barium esophagography with Eckardt score in primary achalasia patients treated with peroral endoscopic myotomy.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of timed barium esophagogram (TBE) in quantitative measurement of improved esophageal emptying in primary achalasia patients treated with POEM. Also, we investigated the correlation of TBE with improvement of clinical symptoms as measured by Eckardt score.

Methods: This retrospective study included 30 patients who underwent POEM due to primary achalasia.

Avian Paramyxoviruses as Vectors for Vaccine Development.

Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) have gained a great attention to be developed as vaccine vectors against human and veterinary pathogens. Avirulent APMVs are highly safe to be used as vaccine vectors for avian and non-avian species. APMV vectored vaccines induce robust cellular and humoral immune responses in a broad range of hosts.

Myopathy Associated with Treatment of Graves' Disease.

Here, we report a case of an increase in serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration in an 11-year-old girl being treated for Graves' disease with antithyroid drugs (ATDs). The patient complained of myalgia two weeks after methimazole treatment. Triiodothyronine (T3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were normal, but the serum CK level was significantly elevated.

A prospective randomized controlled trial of the safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide insufflation compared with room air insufflation during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Background And Aim: Carbon dioxide (CO ) insufflation during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (GESD) under sedation can be used instead of room air insufflation. Appropriate monitoring of the partial pressure of CO during GESD is necessary due to the impaired respiration. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of CO insufflation during GESD compared with conventional room air insufflation.

Associations between Sclerostin and Anthropometric and Metabolic Parameters in Children and Adolescents.

(1) Background: Bone plays an important role in the regulation of the systemic glucose and energy metabolism. Sclerostin, secreted by osteocytes, is an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin bone metabolic pathway, and is involved in osteoporosis and metabolic disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sclerostin and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents with obesity or who are overweight.

Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus in SHORT Syndrome: A Case Report.

SHORT syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multiple congenital defects and is historically defined by its acronym: hort stature, hyperextensibility of joints and/or inguinal hernia, ocular depression, Rieger anomaly, and teething delay. Herein, we report a male infant with SHORT syndrome who presented with transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) with insulin resistance. The proband was born at 38 weeks of gestation but displayed facial dysmorphic features.

Transient Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Linked to Mutation.

Prolonged hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in infancy can result in developmental sequelae. A mutation in the paired box-6 gene () has been reported to cause disorders in oculogenesis and neurogenesis. A limited number of cases of diabetes mellitus in adults with a mutation suggest that the gene also plays a role in glucose homeostasis.

Findings of Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Girls with Central Precocious Puberty Compared with Girls with Chronic or Recurrent Headache.

In the present study, the results of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) were compared those in with girls evaluated for headaches. A total of 295 girls with CPP who underwent sellar MRI were enrolled. A total of 205 age-matched girls with chronic or recurrent headaches without neurological abnormality who had brain MRI were included as controls.

Poor Glycemic Control Can Increase the Plasma Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Concentration in Normoalbuminuric Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular complication in childhood diabetes and microalbuminuria has been a solid indicator in the assessment of DN. Nevertheless, renal injury may still occur in the presence of normoalbuminuria (NA) and various tubular injury biomarkers have been proposed to assess such damage. This case-controlled study aimed to evaluate plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels in diabetic children particularly in those with normo- and high-NA stages and determine their role in predicting DN.

Effect of body mass index on peak growth hormone level after growth hormone stimulation test in children with short stature.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on peak serum growth hormone (GH) level after GH stimulation test in children with short stature.

Methods: Data were obtained from retrospective medical record reviews of those who visited the pediatric endocrine clinic at St. Vincent's Hospital of Catholic University for short stature from January 2010 to June 2019.

A 2-year longitudinal study of bone health in adolescent patients with axial spondyloarthritis.

Purpose: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the axial skeleton and typically has an early onset. Although earlier onset is associated with worse prognosis, there have been few studies of bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescent patients with axSpA.

Methods: We analysed the clinical characteristics of 43 adolescent patients with axSpA at a baseline assessment and at a follow-up 2 years later.

Growth and Bone Mineral Density Changes in Ovariectomized Rats Treated with Estrogen Receptor Alpha or Beta Agonists.

Background: Estrogen controls the pubertal growth spurt, growth plate closure, and accretion of bone mineral density (BMD) of long bones after biding estrogen receptor (ER). There are two subtypes of ER, ERα and ERβ. If each ER subtype has different effects, we may control those actions by manipulating the estrogen binding intensity to each ER subtype and increase the final adult height without markedly reducing BMD or impairing reproductive functions.

Association between Parent's Metabolic Syndrome and 12- to18-Year-Old Offspring's Overweight: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (K-NHANES) 2009-2016.

Background: Little information is available on the association between parents' metabolic syndrome (MetS) and adolescent offspring's obesity in Korea. The aim of our study is to determine the association between parent's metabolic syndrome and offspring's obesity.

Methods: The study data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted during 2009-2016.

Growth patterns over 2 years after birth according to birth weight and length percentiles in children born preterm.

Purpose: To analyze growth patterns over 2 years after birth according to preterm infant birth weight and length percentiles.

Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 82 preterm infants were retrospectively reviewed. Preterm infants with birth weight or length below the 10th percentile were classified as small for gestational age (SGA) (n=19) and those between the 10th and 89th percentile as appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (n=63).