Development of a Real-Time Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for the Rapid Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Genotype I and II.

African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease in pigs and wild boars which poses a major threat to the pig industry. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is necessary to control ASF. Hence, we developed a rapid diagnostic method using a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay targeting the conserved sequences of CP204L (p30) thatcan rapidly detect ASF virus (ASFV) genotype strains I and II.

Glutamate mediated metabolic neutralization mitigates propionate toxicity in intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Metabolic networks in biological systems are interconnected, such that malfunctioning parts can be corrected by other parts within the network, a process termed adaptive metabolism. Unlike Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) better manages its intracellular lifestyle by executing adaptive metabolism. Here, we used metabolomics and identified glutamate synthase (GltB/D) that converts glutamine to glutamate (Q → E) as a metabolic effort used to neutralize cytoplasmic pH that is acidified while consuming host propionate carbon through the methylcitrate cycle (MCC).

Molecular and genomic features of strain 1595 isolated from Korean cattle.

The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular characteristics and to conduct a comparative genomic analysis of strain 1595 isolated from a native Korean cow. Molecular typing showed that 1595 has spoligotype SB0140 with mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats typing of 4-2-5-3-2-7-5-5-4-3-4-3-4-3, representing the most common type of in Korea. The complete genome sequence of strain 1595 was determined by single-molecule real-time technology, which showed a genome of 4351712 bp in size with a 65.

Seroprevalence of tuberculosis in domesticated elk (Cervus canadensis) in Korea.

Tuberculosis is a contagious disease in animals, primarily cattle, although it also affects wild animals and humans. There are few data on the state of tuberculosis in domesticated elk (Cervus canadensis) in Korea. In order to investigate tuberculosis in elk, the effectiveness of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using MPB70 and MPB83 antigens was compared with the tuberculin skin test (TST), and seroprevalence was measured with this assay using serum samples collected from domesticated elk herds in Korea.

Complete Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium bovis Clinical Strain 1595, Isolated from the Laryngopharyngeal Lymph Node of South Korean Cattle.

Mycobacterium bovis strain 1595 was isolated from the lymph node of South Korean native cattle. The complete genome sequence of strain 1595 was determined in 2 contigs and was found to be 4,351,712 bp in size, with a 65.64% G+C content and 4,358 predicted protein-coding genes.

Performance of the SD Bioline TB Ag MPT64 Rapid test for quick confirmation of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from animals.

Mycobacterium (M.) bovis, a bacterium in the M. tuberculosis complex, is a causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a contagious disease of animals.

Induction of beta defensin 2 by NTHi requires TLR2 mediated MyD88 and IRAK-TRAF6-p38MAPK signaling pathway in human middle ear epithelial cells.

Background: All mucosal epithelia, including those of the tubotympanium, are secreting a variety of antimicrobial innate immune molecules (AIIMs). In our previous study, we showed the bactericidal/bacteriostatic functions of AIIMs against various otitis media pathogens. Among the AIIMs, human beta-defensin 2 is the most potent molecule and is inducible by exposure to inflammatory stimuli such as bacterial components or proinflammatory cytokines.

Identification of the Coxiella sp. detected from Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks in Korea.

Two Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks were found positive in PCR assay of com-1 gene to detect Coxiella burnetii DNA from 100 ticks. The nucleotide sequences of com-1 and 16S rRNA gene were determined from 2 ticks and compared with those of other C. burnetii strains.

Identification of the spotted fever group rickettsiae detected from Haemaphysalis longicornis in Korea.

Seven Haemaphysalis ticks were found positive in PCR assay of gltA gene to detect the spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae DNA from 100 ticks. The nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA gene was determined from 5 ticks and compared to those of other Rickettsia strains. The nucleotide sequence from 4 ticks showed high homologies (99.