Effects of Remnant Tissue Preservation on the Tendon Graft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Biomechanical and Histological Study.

Background: There is controversy regarding the efficacy of remnant tissue preservation on graft healing in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Hypothesis: The preserved remnant tissue will (1) adhere to the graft surface and undergo a remodeling process, (2) accelerate graft revascularization, (3) increase the number of graft mechanoreceptors by 4 weeks, and (4) improve anteroposterior knee laxity and structural properties of the graft by 12 weeks.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Biomechanical characteristics of 3 pivot-shift maneuvers for the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee: in vivo evaluation with an electromagnetic sensor system.

Background: A disadvantage of pivot-shift maneuvers is that the examiner has to subjectively evaluate the degree of pivot shift observed. It is unknown whether the various maneuvers are biomechanically identical.

Purpose: To compare biomechanical features of 3 clinical maneuvers for the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knee: the pivot-shift test, the jerk test, and the N-test.

Clinical comparison of two suspensory fixation devices for anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the operation time required and the clinical outcome 2 years postoperatively, after anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstructions using hamstring tendon grafts fixed with either the EndoButton-CL-BTB(®) (ECL-BTB) or the EndoButton-CL(®) (ECL).

Methods: Forty-six patients, who underwent anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction, were non-randomly divided into 2 groups. Patients with a combined ligament injury or complete meniscal tear were excluded from this study.

Biomechanical comparisons between 4-strand and modified Larson 2-strand procedures for reconstruction of the posterolateral corner of the knee.

Background: The posterolateral corner (PLC) resists tibial varus angulation, external rotation, and, to a lesser extent, posterior translation. It is important that reconstructions of posterolateral knee injuries restore joint laxity and patient function, but residual laxities are often observed.

Hypothesis: The knee laxity after a new 4-strand PLC reconstruction would be closer to normal than after a 2-strand "modified Larson" reconstruction.

Deficiency of macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene delays healing of the medial collateral ligament: a biomechanical and biological study.

The role played by macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the process of wound healing is controversial. Besides, there have been no reports that investigated the expression or the role of MIF in the repair process after ligament injury. In this study, we hypothesized that the deficiency in MIF gene might delay ligament healing in mice.

Biomechanical evaluation of a novel application of a fixation device for bone-tendon-bone graft (EndoButton CL BTB) to soft-tissue grafts in anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: The purpose of this biomechanical study was to compare the structural properties of the flexor tendon graft connected to the EndoButton CL BTB (ECL-BTB) (Smith & Nephew Endoscopy, Andover, MA), which is newly developed to fix the bone-tendon-bone graft, with those of the same graft connected to the EndoButton CL (ECL) (Smith & Nephew Endoscopy), which is commonly used as a standard fixation device.

Methods: We randomly divided 40 porcine flexor digitorum profundus tendons into 4 groups. An ECL and an ECL-BTB were attached to the doubled tendon measuring 6 mm in diameter in groups I and II, respectively.

Stress deprivation from the patellar tendon induces apoptosis of fibroblasts in vivo with activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases.

The effect of stress deprivation on the tendon tissue has been an important focus in the field of biomechanics. However, less is known about the in vivo effect of stress deprivation on fibroblast apoptosis as of yet. This study was conducted to test a hypothesis that complete stress deprivation of the patellar tendon induces fibroblast apoptosis in vivo with activation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) within 24 h after treatment.

Randomized clinical comparisons of diclofenac concentration in the soft tissues and blood plasma between topical and oral applications.

Aims: To compare tissue concentrations of diclofenac resulting from topical and oral applications of diclofenac according to clinically recommended prescriptions.

Methods: Diclofenac sodium was applied to 14 subjects (four male and 10 female), who were scheduled to undergo knee arthroplasty due to osteoarthritis, according to the oral or topical prescription (a capsule containing 37.5 mg diclofenac sodium or two tapes containing a total of 30 mg diclofenac sodium).

An in vivo biomechanical study on the tension-versus-knee flexion angle curves of 2 grafts in anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: effects of initial tension and internal tibial rotation.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to determine the relation between the graft tension and the knee flexion angle in the anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL) bundles of a clinically simulated anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction procedure and to clarify the effect of initial tension on the tension-versus-flexion curve of each graft, as well as the effect of internal rotation of the tibia on the tension of the 2 grafts.

Methods: During ACL reconstruction in 30 patients, 2 suture anchors with a No. 1 polyester suture were firmly screwed into the center of the anatomic attachment of the AM and PL bundles on the femur, respectively, and each graft tension was measured with a strain gauge-type tensiometer attached at the end of the suture under 2 conditions of initial tension.

Local administration of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist inhibits deterioration of mechanical properties of the stress-shielded patellar tendon.

We previously found that interleukin (IL)-1beta is over-expressed in the fibroblasts of the stress-shielded patellar tendon using a stress-shielding model [Uchida, H., Tohyama, H., Nagashima, K.