Chloroplast translation factor EF-Tu of Arabidopsis thaliana can be inactivated via oxidation of a specific cysteine residue.

Translational elongation factor EF-Tu, which delivers aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome, is susceptible to inactivation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. However, the sensitivity to ROS of chloroplast-localized EF-Tu (cpEF-Tu) of plants remains to be elucidated.

Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Induction in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Can Be Estimated by Non-Photochemical Quenching upon Actinic Illumination During the Dark Period.

Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, which switches the mode of photosynthesis from C3 to crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) upon high salt stress, was shown here to exhibit diurnal changes in not only the CO2 fixation pathway but also Chl fluorescence parameters under CAM-induced conditions. We conducted comprehensive time course measurements of M. crystallinum leaf Chl fluorescence using the same leaf throughout the CAM induction period.

Characterization of the plastidic phosphate translocators in the inducible crassulacean acid metabolism plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum.

In plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, which has the inducible crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), isoforms of plastidic phosphate translocators (pPTs) are categorized into three subfamilies: the triose phosphate/phosphate translocator (McTPT1), the phosphoenolpyruvate/phosphate translocator (McPPT1), and the glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator (McGPT1 and McGPT2). In order to elucidate the physiological roles of these pPTs in M. crystallinum, we determined the substrate specificity of each pPT isoform.

Isolation and characterization of a polyubiquitin gene and its promoter region from Mesembryanthemum crystallinum.

Transcript levels of the polyubiquitin gene McUBI1 had been reported to be constant during Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) induction in the facultative CAM plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. Here, we report the sequences of the full-length cDNA of McUBI1 and its promoter, and validation of the McUBI1 promoter as an internal control driving constitutive expression in transient assays using the dual-luciferase system to investigate the regulation of CAM-related gene expression. The McUBI1 promoter drove strong, constitutive expression during CAM induction.

Transcriptional profiles of organellar metabolite transporters during induction of crassulacean acid metabolism in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum.

Metabolite transport across multiple organellar compartments is essential for the operation of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). To investigate potential circadian regulation of inter-organellar metabolite transport processes, we have identified eight full-length cDNAs encoding an organellar triose phosphate / P translocator (McTPT1), a phosphoenolpyruvate / P translocator (McPPT1), two glucose-6-phosphate / P translocators (McGPT1, 2), two plastidic P translocator-like proteins (McPTL1, 2), two adenylate transporters (McANT1, 2), a dicarboxylate transporter (McDCT2), and a partial cDNA encoding a second dicarboxylate transporter (McDCT1) in the model CAM plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. We next investigated day / night changes in steady-state transcript abundance of each of these transporters in plants performing either C photosynthesis or CAM induced by salinity or water-deficit stress.

Transcript profiling of salinity stress responses by large-scale expressed sequence tag analysis in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum.

The common ice plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, is a halophytic (salt-loving) member of the Aizoaceae, which switches from C3 photosynthesis to Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) when exposed to salinity or water-deficit stress. CAM is a metabolic adaptation of photosynthetic carbon fixation that improves water use efficiency by shifting net CO2 uptake to the night, thereby reducing transpirational water loss. To improve our understanding of the molecular genetic underpinnings and control mechanisms for Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and other salinity stress response adaptations, a total of 9733 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from cDNAs derived from leaf tissues of well-watered and salinity-stressed (0.