Investigation of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches for Detection of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury from Human Sleep Electroencephalogram.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a highly prevalent and serious public health concern. Most cases of TBI are mild in nature, yet some individuals may develop following-up persistent disability. The pathophysiologic causes for those with persistent postconcussive symptoms are most likely multifactorial and the underlying mechanism is not well understood, although it is clear that sleep disturbances feature prominently in those with persistent disability.

Synthetic Na/K exchangers promote apoptosis by disturbing cellular cation homeostasis.

A number of artificial cation ionophores (or transporters) have been developed for basic research and biomedical applications. However, their mechanisms of action and the putative correlations between changes in intracellular cation concentrations and induced cell death remain poorly understood. Here, we show that three hemispherand-strapped calix[4]pyrrole-based ion-pair receptors act as efficient Na/K exchangers in the presence of Cl in liposomal models and promote Na influx and K efflux (Na/K exchange) in cancer cells to induce apoptosis.

Anti-cancer effects of 3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives on hepatocellular carcinoma harboring FGFR4 activation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is disease with a high mortality rate and limited treatment options. Alterations of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) has been regarded as an oncogenic driver for HCC and a promising target for HCC therapeutics. Herein, we report that GNF-7, a multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, and its derivatives including SIJ1263 (IC < 1 nM against FGFR4) are highly potent FGFR4 inhibitors and are capable of strongly suppressing proliferation of HCC cells and Ba/F3 cells transformed with wtFGFR4 or mtFGFR4.

Melatonin Alleviates Silica Nanoparticle-Induced Lung Inflammation via Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein Downregulation.

Silica dioxide nanoparticles (SiONPs) have been increasingly used in various industries; however, this has raised concerns regarding their potential toxicity. SiONPs are also a major component in the Asian sand dust that causes pulmonary diseases among the general public. Melatonin exerts some inhibitory effects against lung inflammation.

The Involvement of PDE4 in the Protective Effects of Melatonin on Cigarette-Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant disease threatening human health. Currently, roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase (PDE)4 inhibitor, is recommended as a therapeutic agent for COPD. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of melatonin against COPD, focusing on determining whether it is a PDE4 inhibitor via in vivo and in vitro experiment using cigarette smoke (CS) and cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), respectively.

Modified non-flared fully covered self-expandable metal stent for preoperative biliary drainage in pancreatic cancer.

Background And Aim: Durable biliary drainage is essential in patients with pancreatic cancer in the era of effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Plastic stent (PS) tends to occlude easily, and current metal stents are designed for nonresectable cancer. We evaluated the efficacy of a modified non-flared fully covered self-expandable metal stent (M-FCSEMS) during the perioperative period in patients with resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Quality Assessment-Based Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: The benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma are uncertain largely because existing publications lack clear comparisons between ART and non-ART arms.

Methods: PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched until December 2020. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).

Real-Time Spatial and Temporal Analysis of the Translocation of the Apoptosis-Inducing Factor in Cells.

Translocation of the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondria to the nucleus is crucial for AIF-mediated apoptosis. However, the lack of methods for real-time spatial and temporal analysis of translocation of functional AIF is a large hurdle to gain a detailed understanding of this process. In this study, a genetic code expansion technique was developed to overcome this hurdle.

Genetic Differences between Physical Injury Patients With and Without Post-traumatic Syndrome: Focus on Secondary Findings and Potential Variants Revealed by Whole Exome Sequencing.

Objective: Sudden traumatic physical injuries often cause psychological distress, which may be associated with chronic disability. Although considerable effort has been expended to identify genetic predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after traumatic events, genetic predictors of psychological distress in response to severe physical injuries have been yet to be elucidated using whole exome sequencing (WES). Here, the genetic architecture of post-traumatic syndrome (PTS), which encompasses a broad range of psychiatric disorders after traumatic events including depression, anxiety disorder, acute stress disorder, and PTSD, was explored using WES in severely physically injured patients, focusing on secondary findings and potential PTS-related variants.

Stent Opening Visualization During Mechanical Thrombectomy; Relationship with the Retrieved Clot and Procedural Success.

Purpose: The angiographic visualization of the stent during mechanical thrombectomy (MT) may provide information regarding the characteristics of the underlying occluding clot, device-clot interaction, and recanalization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the open stent sign in relation to the retrieved clot and recanalization.

Methodology: 78 patients treated with the stent retriever for acute stroke were retrospectively reviewed.

Salvage External Beam Radiotherapy after Incomplete Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

: Although transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been the commonest local modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), incomplete repsonse occurs especially for tumors with a large size or difficult tumor accessment. The present meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and feasibility of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) as a salvage modality after incomplete TACE. : We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases.

A Reporting Quality Assessment of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses in Sports Physical Therapy: A Review of Reviews.

This review of reviews aimed to evaluate the reporting quality of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the field of sports physical therapy using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This review of reviews included a literature search; in total, 2047 studies published between January 2015 and December 2020 in the top three journals related to sports physical therapy were screened. Among the 125 identified articles, 47 studies on sports physical therapy were included in the analysis (2 systematic reviews and 45 meta-analyses).

Cimicifugae Rhizoma Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Airway Inflammation via the Upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 and Downregulation of NF-κB Phosphorylation in Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma.

Cimicifugae Rhizoma has been used as a medicinal herb for fever, pain, and inflammation in East Asia. We conducted this study because the effect of Cimicifugae Rhizoma extract (CRE) on allergic asthma has not yet been evaluated. To induce allergic airway inflammation, we intraperitoneally injected ovalbumin (OVA) mixed with aluminum hydroxide into mice twice at intervals of 2 weeks (Days 0 and 14) and then inhaled them thrice with 1% OVA solution using a nebulizer (Days 21 to 23).

A new regime of heme-dependent aromatic oxygenase superfamily.

Two histidine-ligated heme-dependent monooxygenase proteins, TyrH and SfmD, have recently been found to resemble enzymes from the dioxygenase superfamily currently named after tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), that is, the TDO superfamily. These latest findings prompted us to revisit the structure and function of the superfamily. The enzymes in this superfamily share a similar core architecture and a histidine-ligated heme.

NPARS-A Novel Approach to Address Accuracy and Reproducibility in Genomic Data Science.

Accuracy and reproducibility are vital in science and presents a significant challenge in the emerging discipline of data science, especially when the data are scientifically complex and massive in size. Further complicating matters, in the field of genomic-based science high-throughput sequencing technologies generate considerable amounts of data that needs to be stored, manipulated, and analyzed using a plethora of software tools. Researchers are rarely able to reproduce published genomic studies.

Effects of larval extracts from identified against benign prostatic hyperplasia induced by testosterone in rats.

is an animal-based medicine used traditionally in China, Japan, and Korea to treat hepatic disorders; it has been shown to possess various pharmacological effects such as antibacterial and antioxidant activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of .  on a testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) rat model.

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Exacerbate Allergic Airway Inflammation via TXNIP Upregulation in a Mouse Model of Asthma.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONPs) are widely used in industrial and medicinal fields and in various consumer products, and their increasing use has led to an increase in the number of toxicity studies; however, studies investigating the underlying toxicity mechanism have been rare. In this study, we evaluated potential toxic effects of TiONPs exposure on lungs as well as the development of asthma through the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse model of asthma. Furthermore, we also investigated the associated toxic mechanism.

Addendum to the Acknowledgments: Stepwise-Hierarchical Pooled Analysis for Synergistic Interpretation of Meta-analyses Involving Randomized and Observational Studies: Methodology Development.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/29642.].

Subchronic Toxicity Evaluation of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles in Rats Following 28-Day Repeated Oral Administration.

Several studies on the potential adverse effects of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlONPs) have reported conflicting results. The present study investigated the potential adverse effects of AlONPs in Sprague-Dawley rats following 28-day repeated oral administration. In addition, we aimed to determine the target organ and no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of AlONPs.

Crystal structure of human cysteamine dioxygenase provides a structural rationale for its function as an oxygen sensor.

Cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO) plays a vital role in regulating thiol metabolism and preserving oxygen homeostasis in humans by oxidizing the sulfur of cysteamine and N-terminal cysteine-containing proteins to their corresponding sulfinic acids using O as a cosubstrate. However, as the only thiol dioxygenase that processes both small-molecule and protein substrates, how ADO handles diverse substrates of disparate sizes to achieve various reactions is not understood. The knowledge gap is mainly due to the three-dimensional structure not being solved, as ADO cannot be directly compared with other known thiol dioxygenases.

The Beneficial Effects of Eccentric Exercise in the Management of Lateral Elbow Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

As a first-line treatment for lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET), eccentric exercise has been suggested as a conservative treatment method. This study aimed to investigate the impact of eccentric exercise on LET with regard to pain reduction, and strength and functional improvement. The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched, and studies up to May 2021 were included if (1) randomization was used for patient allocation, (2) the study comprised patients with LET, (3) the intervention was eccentric exercise, and (4) the primary outcomes included improvement in pain intensity, muscle strength, or function.

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel and 304 Stainless Steel in 1 M Hydrochloric Acid Solution by Tea Tree Extract and Its Main Constituents.

Tea tree extract, containing antioxidant constituents α-terpineol, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpinene, has a wide range of applications in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, tea tree extract showed an anticorrosive effect under 1 M HCl solution on mild steel (MS) and 304 stainless steel (STS). Uniform corrosion for MS and pitting corrosion for STS at 298 K were retarded, with inhibition efficiencies of 77% and 86%, respectively.