Interlayer Hydrogen Recombination from Hydrogen Boride Nanosheets Elucidated by Isotope Labeling.

In this study, deuterium boride (DB) nanosheets were synthesized as deuterated borophane through the ion exchange of magnesium cations in magnesium diboride with deuterons from a deuterium-type ion-exchange resin in acetonitrile. The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectrum of DB exhibited clear isotope effects, namely the shift in the absorption peak of the B-H stretching vibrational mode to a lower wavenumber. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) from a mixture of DB and hydrogen boride (HB) nanosheets yielded a more intense hydrogen-deuterium (HD) signal compared to the H and D signals.

Climate change drives fish communities: Changing multiple facets of fish biodiversity in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.

Global marine biodiversity is experiencing significant alterations due to climate change. Incorporating phylogenetic and functional diversity may provide novel insights into these impacts. This study used an ensemble model approach (random forest and boosted regression tree), to predict the habitat distribution of 47 fish species in the Northwestern Pacific under contemporary (2000-2014) and future scenarios (2040-2050, 2090-2100).

Mesoscale eddies exert inverse latitudinal effects on global industrial squid fisheries.

Squid species, as a burgeoning global food source, has garnered significant concerns due to expanding fisheries and little regulation. Elucidating the dynamics of squid fisheries and their biophysical coupling mechanisms is crucial for predicting spatiotemporal variations in squid fisheries and their sustainable management. Mesoscale eddies are discrete rotating oceanographic features that dominate local environmental variations and have been shown to modulate top predators.

Steady nutrient upwelling around a biological hotspot of the confluence between the quasi-stationary jet and the Oyashio in the western North Pacific.

The quasi-stationary jet, a branch of the Kuroshio Extension, transports warm saline water in the mixed water region of the western North Pacific. Around the subarctic front between the quasi-stationary jet and Oyashio and its downstream area is a biologically productive area including small pelagic fishes. However, how nutrient is supplied to the euphotic zone in this region remains elusive, especially into the quasi-stationary jet.

Pathogenicity Differentiation of spp. Causing Fusarium Basal Rot and Wilt Disease in spp.

Here, 12 strains, previously described as . f. sp.

phyloBARCODER: A Web Tool for Phylogenetic Classification of Eukaryote Metabarcodes Using Custom Reference Databases.

We developed phyloBARCODER (https://github.com/jun-inoue/phyloBARCODER), a new web tool that can identify short DNA sequences to the species level using metabarcoding. phyloBARCODER estimates phylogenetic trees based on the uploaded anonymous DNA sequences and reference sequences from databases.

Effects of flusulfamide on spore germination of .

Flusulfamide inhibits germination of resting spores to suppress clubroot disease, but its mechanism of action on the germination of resting spores remains unclear. In this study, resting spores were treated with flusulfamide and visualized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The gene expression of resting spores was analyzed using RT-PCR, followed by immunoblotting analysis.

Electrolytic Hydrogen Release from Hydrogen Boride Sheets.

Solid-state hydrogen storage materials are safe and lightweight hydrogen carriers. Among the various solid-state hydrogen carriers, hydrogen boride (HB) sheets possess a high gravimetric hydrogen capacity (8.5 wt%).

The SIX5 Protein in f. sp. Acts as an Avirulence Effector toward Shallot ( L. Aggregatum Group).

f. sp. () causes basal rot disease in species, including onions ( L.

Pathogenicity chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Foc) is the causative agent of Fusarium basal rot disease in onions, which leads to catastrophic global crop production losses.

Effective treatment of hydrogen boride sheets for long-term stabilization.

Two-dimensional hydrogen boride (HB) sheets prepared the ion-exchange reaction from magnesium diboride (MgB) are known to possess several intriguing properties for a wide range of applications; however, previous reports have shown that the sheets prepared using this method contain small amounts of reactive components, making them unsuitable for certain applications. Therefore, developing a method for preparing HB sheets that exhibit long-term stability and do not contain reactive species is essential. In this study, we developed an effective treatment method for achieving long-term stabilization of HB sheets.

Genome-Wide Characterization of Effector Protein-Encoding Genes in and Its Validation in Response to Pearl Millet Downy Mildew Disease Stress.

Pearl millet [ (L.) R. Br.

Molecular Analysis of MgO Nanoparticle-Induced Immunity against Fusarium Wilt in Tomato.

Fusarium wilt, caused by f. sp. (FOL), is a devastating soilborne disease in tomatoes.

Carbon dioxide adsorption and conversion to methane and ethane on hydrogen boride sheets.

Hydrogen boride (HB) sheets are metal-free two-dimensional materials comprising boron and hydrogen in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. In spite of the several advancements, the fundamental interactions between HB sheets and discrete molecules remain unclear. Here, we report the adsorption of CO and its conversion to CH and CH using hydrogen-deficient HB sheets.

Gene in f. sp. Is Essential for Pathogenicity by Involving Normal Function of Chlamydospores.

f. sp. (Forl) causes crown and root rot disease in tomato, effecting severe economic losses.

Comparison of species-specific qPCR and metabarcoding methods to detect small pelagic fish distribution from open ocean environmental DNA.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is increasingly used to noninvasively monitor aquatic animals in freshwater and coastal areas. However, the use of eDNA in the open ocean (hereafter referred to OceanDNA) is still limited because of the sparse distribution of eDNA in the open ocean. Small pelagic fish have a large biomass and are widely distributed in the open ocean.

Genome-Wide Identification, Diversification, and Expression Analysis of Lectin Receptor-Like Kinase (LecRLK) Gene Family in Cucumber under Biotic Stress.

Members of the lectin receptor-like kinase (LecRLKs) family play a vital role in innate plant immunity. Few members of the LecRLKs family have been characterized in rice and , respectively. However, little literature is available about LecRLKs and their role against fungal infection in cucumber.

Role of Volatiles from the Endophytic Fungus PSU-P1 in Biocontrol Potential and in Promoting the Plant Growth of .

Fungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by species interact with a plant host and display multifaceted mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity of VOCs emitted by PSU-P1 against fungal pathogens, as well as the ability of VOCs to activate defense responses and to promote plant growth in . The strain's VOCs had remarkable antifungal activity against fungal pathogens, with an inhibition range of 15.

Magnesium oxide induces immunity against Fusarium wilt by triggering the jasmonic acid signaling pathway in tomato.

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), is a worldwide tomato disease.

Optical Analysis of Acute Changes after Peripheral Nerve Injury in Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Neural Response to Forelimb Stimulation in Rat Somatosensory Cortex.

Peripheral nerve injury induces functional reorganization of the central nervous system. The mechanisms underlying this reorganization have been widely studied. Our previous study involving multiple-site optical recording reported that a neural excitatory wave induced by somatic stimulation begins in a small area and propagates in the cortex.

Ethanol-ethylene conversion mechanism on hydrogen boride sheets probed by in situ infrared absorption spectroscopy.

Two-dimensional hydrogen boride (HB) sheets were recently demonstrated to act as a solid acid catalyst in their hydrogen-deficient state. However, both the active sites and the mechanism of the catalytic process require further elucidation. In this study, we analyzed the conversion of ethanol adsorbed on HB sheets under vacuum during heating using in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) absorption spectroscopy with isotope labelling.

Synchronised regulation of disease resistance in primed finger millet plants against the blast disease.

Plants, being sessile, are exposed to an array of abiotic and biotic stresses. To adapt towards the changing environments, plants have evolved mechanisms that help in perceiving stress signals wherein phytohormones play a critical role. They have the ability to network enabling them to mediate defense responses.

Isolation and characterization of nutrient dependent pyocyanin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its dye and agrochemical properties.

Pyocyanin is a blue green phenazine pigment produced in large quantities by active cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with advantageous applications in medicine, agriculture and for the environment. Hence, in the present study, a potent bacterium was isolated from agricultural soil and was identified morphologically and by 16S rRNA sequencing as P. aeruginosa (isolate KU_BIO2).