Glucocorticoids and Rates of Biphasic Reactions in Patients with Adrenaline-Treated Anaphylaxis: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Background: The effectiveness of glucocorticoids in preventing biphasic reactions in patients with anaphylaxis remains controversial.

Objective: We evaluated the effects of glucocorticoids on rates of biphasic reactions in hospitalized patients with anaphylaxis treated with adrenaline.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study using a national inpatient database in Japan, we identified 31,570 hospitalized patients with anaphylaxis treated with adrenaline on the day of admission.

Airway obstruction time and outcomes in patients with foreign body airway obstruction: multicenter observational choking investigation.

Aim: Foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) is a major public health concern worldwide for infants and older adults. This study determines the association between airway obstruction time and neurological outcomes to plan an effective response for patients with FBAO.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective observational study was carried out among patients with life-threatening FBAO in Japan over a period of 4 years.

Case of slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus with drastically reduced insulin secretory capacity after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma.

We encountered a 55-year-old Japanese man with advanced renal cell carcinoma and slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus (SPT1DM), whose insulin secretory capacity was drastically reduced for a brief period after only one cycle of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. The patient had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at the age of 53 years and was treated using oral hypoglycemic agents. However, 2 years later, he was diagnosed with SPT1DM and autoimmune thyroiditis, based on the presence of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) and thyroid autoantibodies, which was accompanied by advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Hypoglycemia during the Concomitant Use of Repaglinide and Clopidogrel in an Elderly Patient with Type 2 Diabetes and Severe Renal Insufficiency.

Hypoglycemia should be avoided when treating patients with diabetes. Repaglinide is an insulin secretagogue with a low hypoglycemic risk because of its rapid- and short-acting effects. However, its blood concentration has been reported to increase in combination with clopidogrel, an antiplatelet drug, and in patients with severe renal insufficiency.

Protocol for a nationwide prospective, observational cohort study of foreign-body airway obstruction in Japan: the MOCHI registry.

Introduction: Foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) is a major public health issue worldwide. In 2017, there were more than 5000 fatal choking cases in the USA alone, and it was the fourth leading cause of preventable injury-related death in the home and community. In Japan, FBAO is the leading cause of accidental death and with almost 9000 fatalities annually.

Airway obstruction due to sticky rice cake (mochi): a case series and review of the literature.

Background: Foreign body airway obstruction is a significant public health issue around the world. Mochi, a traditional sticky rice cake in Japan, has gained popularity in many countries including the USA. However, the associated aspiration danger has not yet been well recognized.

New classifications for Life-threatening foreign body airway obstruction.

Introduction: Foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) is a common medical emergency; however, few studies of life-threatening FBAO have been reported and no standard classification system is available.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who presented to the emergency departments of two hospitals and were diagnosed with FBAO. The primary outcome was cerebral performance category (CPC) score at discharge.

Procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department in Japan: interim analysis of multicenter prospective observational study.

Purpose: Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) is widely performed outside of the operating theater, often in emergency departments (EDs). The practice and safety of PSA in the ED in an aging society such as in Japan have not been well described. We aimed to characterize the practice pattern of PSA including indications, pharmacology and incidence of adverse events (AEs) in Japan.