Mechanical Properties and Decomposition Behavior of Compression Moldable Poly(Malic Acid)/-Tricalcium Phosphate Hybrid Materials.

Calcified tissues in living organisms, such as bone, dentin, and enamel, often require surgical intervention for treatment. However, advances in regenerative medicine have increased the demand for materials to assist in regenerating these tissues. Among the various forms of calcium phosphate (CaP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP)-particularly its α-TCP form-stands out due to its high solubility and efficient calcium release, making it a promising candidate for bone regeneration applications.

Excimer LASER coronary atherectomy for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from a multicenter registry.

Background: Excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) is used for thrombotic culprit lesions in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), but its effectiveness is still unclear.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention within 24 h of onset were retrospectively investigated. Patients were divided into ELCA and non-ELCA groups.

Pattern of Infection After Pediatric Liver Transplant and Its Associated Risk Factors.

Background: Liver transplantation has improved survival rates in pediatric patients with end-stage liver failure. However, post-liver transplant infection remains a threat to patient recovery. This study reported the frequency and patterns of infections after liver transplantation and identified factors related to the accuracy of fever source investigation.

Gas and Liquid Isotherms: The Need for a Common Foundation.

Sorption isotherms for gases and liquids have long been formulated separately. There is a fundamental problem with this approach: the popular isotherm models (such as Langmuir, BET, and GAB) for gases cannot be applied straightforwardly to sorption from solution. This contrasts with the theory of liquid solutions, where solute-solute interaction, mediated by the solvent, is captured as the potential of mean force, providing powerful interpretive tools (e.

Hesperidin enhanced anti-breast cancer effect and alleviated cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity through silk fibroin delivery system.

The incidence rate and mortality rate of breast cancer remain high, and there is an urgent need for safe and effective drugs. The excellent biological activity of hesperidin (HE) is a potential drug for the treatment of breast cancer. In this study, silk fibroin peptides (SFP) were used as delivery carriers and HE loaded SFP nanofibers (SFP/HE NFs) was prepared.

Comparative cardiovascular safety of romosozumab versus bisphosphonates in Japanese patients with osteoporosis: a new-user, active comparator design with instrumental variable analyses.

This study analyzed the association of romosozumab, a human monoclonal antibody with bone-forming and bone resorption-inhibiting effects, and bisphosphonates with the development of cardiovascular disease among patients with osteoporosis. A new-user design was employed to address selection bias, and instrumental variable analysis was used to address confounding by indication. Japanese patients aged ≥40 years, diagnosed with osteoporosis or experienced a fragility fracture, were admitted to medical facilities covered by a commercial administrative claims database, and newly prescribed romosozumab or bisphosphonates after the commercialization of romosozumab in Japan (March 4, 2019) were included based on verification of a 180-day washout period.

Quantitative Assessment of Delivered Dose in Carbon Ion Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy (C-SFRT) and Biological Response to C-SFRT.

Objective Applying carbon ion beams, which have high linear energy transfer and low scatter within the human body, to Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy (SFRT) could benefit the treatment of deep-seated or radioresistant tumors. This study aims to simulate the dose distributions of spatially fractionated beams (SFB) to accurately determine the delivered dose and model the cell survival rate following SFB irradiation. Approach Dose distributions of carbon ion beams are calculated using the Triple Gaussian Model.

Nuclear interaction correction based on dual-energy computed tomography in carbon-ion radiotherapy.

Accurate dose predictions are crucial to maximizing the benefits of carbon-ion therapy. Carbon beams incident on the human body cause nuclear interactions with tissues, resulting in changes in the constituent nuclides and leading to dose errors that are conventionally corrected using conventional single-energy computed tomography (SECT). Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has frequently been used for stopping power estimation in particle therapy and is well suited for correcting nuclear reactions because of its detailed body-tissue elemental information.

MALDI-TOF MS analysis for detection of bovine coronavirus with tryptic peptides from viral proteins.

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV）, a significant cattle pathogen causing enteric and respiratory diseases, is primarily detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Our objective was to develop a novel detection method for BCoV by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization‒time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS）. Peptide mass fingerprint analysis revealed that nucleocapsid (N）, membrane (M）, and hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) were three main BCoV proteins.

Quantitative Assessment of Delivered Dose in Carbon Ion Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy (C-SFRT) and Biological Response to C-SFRT.

Objective Applying carbon ion beams, which have high linear energy transfer and low scatter within the human body, to Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy (SFRT) could benefit the treatment of deep-seated or radioresistant tumors. This study aims to simulate the dose distributions of spatially fractionated beams (SFB) to accurately determine the delivered dose and model the cell survival rate following SFB irradiation. Approach Dose distributions of carbon ion beams are calculated using the Triple Gaussian Model.

Assessment of heterogeneity according to hospital or medical experience factors in outcomes of chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract cancer: a post-hoc analysis of JCOG1113.

Background: JCOG1113 is a randomized phase III trial that showed non-inferiority of gemcitabine plus S-1 to gemcitabine plus cisplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Assessment of inter-institutional heterogeneity in chemotherapy contributes to confirm generalizability and reliability of the study itself. However, there have been no studies conducted to assess the heterogeneity among participating centers in randomized phase III trials for biliary tract cancer.

Causal models and prediction in cell line perturbation experiments.

In cell line perturbation experiments, a collection of cells is perturbed with external agents and responses such as protein expression measured. Due to cost constraints, only a small fraction of all possible perturbations can be tested in vitro. This has led to the development of computational models that can predict cellular responses to perturbations in silico.

Spatially ordered recruitment of fast muscles in accordance with movement strengths in larval zebrafish.

In vertebrates, skeletal muscle comprises fast and slow fibers. Slow and fast muscle cells in fish are spatially segregated; slow muscle cells are located only in a superficial region, and comprise a small fraction of the total muscle cell mass. Slow muscles support low-speed, low-force movements, while fast muscles are responsible for high-speed, high-force movements.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Unusual Upper Cervical Spine Disorder and Non-traumatic Atlantoaxial Rotatory Fixation in an Adult: A Case Report.

This study reports on an extremely rare case of non-traumatic atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (AARF) in an adult. Although there are numerous reports on traumatic AARF in adults, those on non-traumatic AARFs are limited. We present the case of a 25-year-old woman who developed neck pain with a limited range of motion (ROM) that began upon waking without any particular inducement.

Exploratory study on the efficacy of topical pan-JAK inhibitor in ocular and skin GVHD in a sclerodermatous GVHD mouse model.

Systemic administration of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors is effective in treating chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) but is associated with side effects. Topical drug administration effectively minimizes side effects. We aimed to investigate potential trends of the efficacy of topical delgocitinib administration in a mouse model.

Ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) carbon ion irradiation inhibited immune suppressive protein expression on Pan02 cell line.

Recently, ultra-high dose rate (> 40 Gy/s, uHDR; FLASH) radiation therapy (RT) has attracted interest, because the FLASH effect that is, while a cell-killing effect on cancer cells remains, the damage to normal tissue could be spared has been reported. This study aimed to compare the immune-related protein expression on cancer cells after γ-ray, conventionally used dose rate (Conv) carbon ion (C-ion), and uHDR C-ion. B16F10 murine melanoma and Pan02 murine pancreas cancer were irradiated with γ-ray at Osaka University and with C-ion at Osaka HIMAK.

Closure of Ventricular Septal Rupture through a Left Thoracotomy in a Patient with a History of Esophageal Reconstruction.

A 73-year-old man who had undergone esophagectomy and retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction for esophageal cancer 8 years prior was transferred to our hospital for the treatment of an acute myocardial infarction. Emergent percutaneous coronary intervention for the left anterior descending artery (#7) was successfully performed. However, echocardiography revealed a ventricular septal rupture (25×27 mm).

Evaluation of the effects of fenestration in Fontan circulation using a lumped parameter model.

Fenestration has been reported to enhance Fontan hemodynamics in several cases of Fontan circulation. However, the indication criteria for fenestration remain under discussion. To assess the effectiveness of fenestration in Fontan circulation, we conducted a theoretical analysis using a computational model of the fenestrated Fontan circulation.

Effects of incentivising dialysis facilities on peripheral arterial disease care in patients undergoing haemodialysis: a claims-based cohort study.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) occurs frequently in patients undergoing dialysis, but early intervention for PAD may not be fully implemented. We evaluated the effects of financially incentivising dialysis facilities that provided early detection and management of PAD on outcomes of PAD care.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study identified patients aged 18-74 years who received maintenance haemodialysis between April 2016 and March 2021 from the JMDC Claims Database.

Impact of board-certified intensive care training facilities on choice of adjunctive therapies and prognosis of severe respiratory failure: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Patients with severe respiratory failure have high mortality and need various interventions. However, the impact of intensivists on treatment choices, patient outcomes, and optimal intensivist staffing patterns is unknown. In this study, we aimed to evaluate treatments and clinical outcomes for patients at board-certified intensive care training facilities compared with those at non-certified facilities.

Dosimetric study of synchrotron rapid beam off control and skip spot function for high beam intensity proton therapy.

Background: All Hitachi proton pencil beam scanning facilities currently use discrete spot scanning (DSS). Mayo Clinic Florida (MCF) is installing a Hitachi particle therapy system with advanced technologies, including fast scan speeds, high beam intensity, rapid beam off control (RBOC), a skip spot function, and proton pencil beam scanning using dose driven continuous scanning (DDCS). A potential concern of RBOC is the generation of a shoulder at the end of the normal spot delivery due to a flap spot (FS) with a flap dose (FD), which has been investigated for carbon synchrotron but not for proton delivery.

Change and predictors of body composition after gastrectomy for gastric cancer during first postoperative year.

Purpose: After gastrectomy for gastric cancer, patients often lose significant body weight because of decreased caloric intake and nutrient absorption. Body weight typically requires approximately 1 year to stabilize. This study aimed to examine the changes and predictors of body composition during the first postoperative year.

BCR::ABL1-induced mitochondrial morphological alterations as a potential clinical biomarker in chronic myeloid leukemia.

The BCR::ABL1 oncogene plays a crucial role in the development of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Previous studies have investigated the involvement of mitochondrial dynamics in various cancers, revealing potential therapeutic strategies. However, the impact of BCR::ABL1 on mitochondrial dynamics remains unclear.