Circulating Pre-microRNA-488 in Blood Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer.

Background/aim: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been highlighted as non-invasive clinical biomarkers in liquid biopsy. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of circulating tumor suppressors, precursor-miR-488 (pre-miR-488) and miR-488-5p, in the blood of patients with gastric cancer (GC).

Materials And Methods: The expression levels of pre-miR-488 and miR-488-5p in tumor tissues and blood were measured using RT-qPCR, and the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of their expression was assessed in patients with GC.

Suppression Decreases 5-Fluorouracil-induced Apoptosis and Is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer.

Background/aim: The development of new biomarkers to predict cancer patient prognosis is expected to aid in treatment selection, contributing to improved outcomes. In this study, we extracted a candidate gene associated with patient prognosis from a public database and investigated the molecular and biological functions and clinical significance of the gene in gastric cancer.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas database and identified the family with sequence similarity 32 member a (FAM32A) as a candidate gene.

Comparison of Treatment Outcomes Between First-Line Chemotherapy With or Without Bevacizumab for Advanced Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma (Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit: TGCU-RS001A Study).

: The usefulness of bevacizumab (BEV) as first-line chemotherapy for advanced ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) was retrospectively evaluated at Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit institutions. : A total of 81 patients (52 patients without BEV and 29 with BEV) with advanced ovarian CCC who received initial platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled. We selected 26 patients each without and with BEV according to propensity score matching methods, and compared the platinum-resistant recurrence rate, response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events between the two groups.

Propeller-Shaped Blatter-Based Triradicals: Distortion-Free Triangular Spin System and Spin-State-Dependent Photophysical Properties.

Herein, we report the synthesis and properties of triptycene-based C- and C-symmetric stable triradicals. SQUID magnetometry showed the propeller-shaped triradicals were both an antiferromagnetic equilateral triangle spin system with small spin-spin interactions J/k~-120 K and -106 K, leading to ca. 4/6 coexistence of the doublet/quartet states in thermal equilibrium at room temperature.

Bowl-Shaped Anthracene-Fused Antiaromatic Ni(II) Norcorrole: Synthesis, Structure, Assembly with C, and Photothermal Conversion.

The synthesis of bowl-shaped antiaromatic molecules is challenging because the molecular distortion further destabilizes these already inherently reactive molecules. Here, we report the synthesis and properties of bowl-shaped fused anthrylnorcorroles that exhibit near-infrared (NIR) absorption reaching 1900 nm. The oxidation of meso-anthryldibromodipyrrin provides fused anthryldibromodipyrrin, which was converted to the fused mono- and bisanthrylnorcorroles through Ni(0)-mediated intramolecular coupling with a bis(dibromodipyrrin) Ni(II) complex.

Genetic Analysis of Biopsy Tissues from Colorectal Tumors in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis.

Background/objectives: Colorectal neoplasia developing from ulcerative colitis mucosa (CRNUC) can be divided into ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasia (UCAN) and non-UCAN; however, it is often difficult to distinguish UCAN from non-UCAN during a biopsy diagnosis. We investigated whether a genomic analysis could improve the diagnostic accuracy of UCAN using biopsy specimens.

Methods: In step 1, 14 CRNUCs were used to examine whether the genomic landscape of biopsy and resection specimens matched.

Expression profile and function of secretogranin V, and its effects on the malignant behavior of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is recognized as one of the most aggressive cancers with a poor prognosis. Global expression profiling was conducted on primary ESCC tissues with distant metastases. We investigated the identification of secretogranin V (SCG5) as a promising biomarker for the detection and assessment of ESCC.

Dual-modified antisense oligonucleotides targeting oncogenic protocadherin to treat gastric cancer.

Background: The objective of this study was to develop an innovative treatment strategy utilizing antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that target the gene encoding protocadherin alpha 11 (PCDHA11) and to elucidate the role of PCDHA11 in gastric cancer cells.

Methods: We designed and screened 54 amido-bridged nucleic acid (AmNA)-modified ASOs, selecting them based on PCDHA11-knockdown efficacy, in vitro and in vivo activity, and off-target effects. We assessed the impact of AmNA-modified anti-PCDHA11 ASOs on cellular functions and signaling pathways, and investigated the effects of Pcdha11 deficiency in mice.

Oxidation of Weakly Interacting Diradicals: An Approach for Strong and Tunable Near-Infrared-Absorbing Dyes Based on Small Chromophores.

Near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing dyes are valuable for various applications, such as bioimaging and electronic devices. This work introduces a novel approach for designing NIR dyes, oxidation of weakly coupled diradicals. Our approach features a weak exchange interaction in diradicals, which potentially leads to bonding/antibonding molecular orbitals with a small energy gap.

Different effects of visual occlusion on interpersonal coordination of head and body movements during dyadic conversations.

Introduction: In recent decades, interpersonal coordination and synchrony have been extensively examined in the field of psychology and cognitive science. Studies suggest that perceptual information enables interpersonal coordination and that perceptual noise may even enhance coordination. However, how these perceptual factors influence interpersonal coordination dynamics between head and body movements remains unclear.

The perspective for next-generation lung replacement therapies: functional whole lung generation by blastocyst complementation.

Purpose Of Review: Blastocyst complementation represents a promising frontier in next-generation lung replacement therapies. This review aims to elucidate the future prospects of lung blastocyst complementation within clinical settings, summarizing the latest studies on generating functional lungs through this technique. It also explores and discusses host animal selection relevant to interspecific chimera formation, a challenge integral to creating functional human lungs via blastocyst complementation.

Novel Lewis Acid-Base Interactions in Polymer-Derived Sodium-Doped Amorphous Si-B-N Ceramic: Towards Main-Group-Mediated Hydrogen Activation.

Interest is growing in transition metal-free compounds for small molecule activation and catalysis. We discuss the opportunities arising from synthesizing sodium-doped amorphous silicon-boron-nitride (Na-doped a-SiBN). Na cations and 3-fold coordinated B moieties were incorporated into an amorphous silicon nitride network via chemical modification of a polysilazane followed by pyrolysis in ammonia (NH) at 1000 °C.

Synthesis of Ni porphyrin-Ni 5,15-diazaporphyrin hybrid tapes.

Ni porphyrin (P) and Ni 5,15-diazaporphyrin (DAP) hybrid tapes were synthesized by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of - or β-borylated P with β-brominated DAP followed by intramolecular oxidative fusion reactions. -β doubly linked hybrid tapes were synthesized by oxidation of singly linked precursors with DDQ-FeCl. Synthesis of triply linked hybrid tapes was achieved by oxidation with DDQ-FeCl-AgOTf with suppression of peripheral β-chlorination.

Outcomes of surgical treatment for enterovesical fistula in Crohn's disease.

Enterovesical fistula (EVF) in Crohn's disease (CD) often does not improve with medical treatment and requires surgical treatment. The surgical treatment strategy for EVF in CD is definitive resection of the intestinal tract side, and performing a leak test using dye injection into the bladder after EVF dissection to determine the appropriate surgical procedure for the bladder side. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of surgical treatment for EVF in CD.

Ephrin Forward Signaling Controls Interspecies Cell Competition in Pluripotent Stem Cells.

In the animal kingdom, evolutionarily conserved mechanisms known as cell competition eliminate unfit cells during development. Interestingly, cell competition also leads to apoptosis of donor cells upon direct contact with host cells from a different species during interspecies chimera formation. The mechanisms underlying how host animal cells recognize and transmit cell death signals to adjacent xenogeneic human cells remain incompletely understood.

Generation of salivary glands derived from pluripotent stem cells via conditional blastocyst complementation.

Whole salivary gland generation and transplantation offer potential therapies for salivary gland dysfunction. However, the specific lineage required to engineer complete salivary glands has remained elusive. In this study, we identify the Foxa2 lineage as a critical lineage for salivary gland development through conditional blastocyst complementation (CBC).

Fused Aromatic and Antiaromatic Smaragdyrin Dimers.

Singly-linked aromatic [22]smaragdyrin BF complex dimer was synthesized by the reductive coupling of 16-brominated [22]smaragdyrin BF complex, which was oxidized to a stable diradical with PbO. As the first example of fused smaragdyrin dimer, a fused [22]smaragdyrin BF complex dimer was synthesized by the oxidation of a CuCl-BF complex dimer with FeCl and subsequent reduction with NaBH. After removal of the BF group, the singly-linked and fused aromatic dimers were oxidized to the corresponding antiaromatic [20]smaragdyrin free base dimers.

Prognostic Impact of Mutations Associated With Smoking and Drinking History in Japanese Digestive Cancers.

Background/aim: Organs of the digestive system are frequent sites of cancer development, and digestive tract cancers are the leading causes of death worldwide, including in Japan. Most of these cancers are associated with smoking or drinking habits. This study focused on the clinical and genomic characteristics of patients with these cancers using the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (C-CAT) database, which comprises a large volume of data on Japanese patients who have undergone tumor profiling gene panel tests.