Profiling at high taxonomic resolution reveals correlations with cognitive dysfunction in Chinese children with Down syndrome.

Introduction: Down syndrome (DS), the presence of a supernumerary chromosome 21, is associated with cognitive dysfunction caused by early neurodegenerative processes. Alterations in the gut microbiota were observed in Chinese children with DS, and the genus was associated with cognitive function in these children. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the detailed composition of this group at the species level and to explore the effect of specific species on cognitive function.

Correlation among gut microbiota, fecal metabolites and autism-like behavior in an adolescent valproic acid-induced rat autism model.

This study aims to understand the relationship between fecal metabolites and gut microbiota in an adolescent valproic acid-induced rat autism model (VPA-exposed offspring). We analyzed the fecal samples of VPA-exposed offspring using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Autism-like behavior was evaluated by a three-chamber sociability test and a self-grooming test.

Altered gut microbiota correlates with cognitive impairment in Chinese children with Down's syndrome.

Down's syndrome (DS), a common chromosomal disease caused by chromosome 21 trisomy, is the main cause of cognitive impairment in children worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that the microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a potential role in cognitive impairment. However, data regarding gut microbiota alterations in DS patients remain scarce, especially data from children with DS.

Cognitive impairments in adult mice with RIP140 overexpression in neural stem cells.

Receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) is a transcription co-regulator of several transcription factors and a signal transduction regulator. RIP140 was recently implicated in the regulation of cognitive functions. The gene that encodes RIP140 is located on chromosome 21.