[Immunomorphological characteristics of primary and recurrent breast neoplasms].

Primary and recurring breast carcinomas do not differ in the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), C-erb-2 oncoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen and trophoblastic antigen. The content of PCNA and C-erb-2 oncoprotein is twice as high in tumors with an unfavorable prognosis and the frequency of combination of these markers is much higher comparing to tumors with a good prognosis.

[Immunomorphologic markers in breast cancer].

Mammary carcinoma (MC) of various histological structure are studied immunomorphologically. Positive reaction with proliferative cells nuclear antigen (PCNA) oncoprotein cerbB-2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), trophoblastic beta 1 globulin (TBG) and tissue protein ferritin (Fe) was observed in one third, and with cyprein in half of MC cases. Clear-cut dependence of immunomorphological parameters upon histologic structure and degree of malignancy was not established.

[An immunohistochemical study of pepsinogen type C in the gastric mucosa and in stomach cancer].

129 cases of non-malignant gastric lesions and 171 cases of gastric carcinoma were studied immunohistochemically for pepsinogen C. PgC was constantly expressed at the bottom of the gastric glands irrespective of the disease. PgC was much more frequently observed in cancer patients (p < 0.

[The immunohistochemical study of trophoblast beta 1-globulin expression in cancer and in the mucosa of the large intestine].

The expression of pregnancy-specific beta-1-globulin (SP1) was studied in cancer-affected and nonaffected colon mucosa. The antigen was revealed in 19 out of 50 (38%) cases of carcinoma and in 1 out of 4 cases of ulcerative colitis. SP1 was found neither in noncancer colon mucosa nor in transitional mucosa and adenomas.

[Cellular localization of human secretory beta globulin in normal and tumor tissues].

Distribution of secretory beta-globulin (S beta G) which possesses affinity for steroids was investigated immunohistochemically. Tissue specificity of S beta G, produced in adult secretory epithelial cells of the seminal vesicles, salivary glands, prostate, bronchi and mammary gland was discovered. The protein was not detected in fetal and embryonal tissues.

[The determination of the concentration of the carcinoembryonic and meconial antigens in the gastric juice of patients with stomach pathology].

Beta-I-MA and CEA concentration in gastric juice was studied in 74 patients with gastric pathology and healthy subjects. Elevated concentrations of beta-I-MA and CEA were found more often in the gastric juice of cancer patients and less often in that of patients without malignant pathology. No significant differences in the concentration of each antigen were found between the "cancer" and "polyp" groups.

[Goblet cell antigen revealed by monoclonal antibody D12].

An antigen from meconium was revealed by monoclonal antibody D 12 (IgM). This antigen was heat liable substance with relative m. m.

[Immunohistochemical study of the expression of trophoblastic beta-1-globulin in the gastric epithelium of man in stomach cancer].

The expression of specific-pregnancy beta 1-globulin (SP1) was studied in gastric mucosa with chronic gastritis. The expression of SP1 was revealed in focus of intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia as well as in cover epithelial cells.

[Immunohistochemical study of meconial antigens in neoplasms and mucosa of the colon and rectum].

The expression of 4 meconial antigens--beta-1-MA, beta-2-MA, MMA, gamma-MA in neoplastic and preneoplastic colonic mucosa was studied. Meconial antigens were revealed in small amount in adult normal colonic epithelium. The mucosa adjacent to tumours was rich in these antigens.

[Use of a mixture of three types of antibodies for immuno-histologic detection of stomach cancer micrometastases].

The stomach carcinoma micrometastases to lymph nodes were revealed by nondirect immunoperoxidase method. The reaction was performed on the slides of lymph nodes stained with hematoxylin and eosin taken from pathomorphologic archives, by the mixture of polyclonal antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen, beta-I-meconial antigen and pepsinogen C. The micrometastases were found in 7 of 58 cases (10.

[An immunohistochemical study of placenta-specific alpha 2-microglobulin in human ontogeny].

Tissues of adult man and fetus were studied by indirect immunoperoxidase technique using affinity-purified antibodies against placenta-specific alpha 2-microglobulin (APM-2). APM-2 proved to be synthesized mucous membrane cells of uterus during secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. APM-2 was also found in atretic follicle of fertile woman ovary as well as in I order oocytes from the fetus ovary (26 weeks).

[The paraneoplastic phenotype of human gastric glands studied using the carcinoembryonic antigen-specific lectin crustacin].

The expression of CEA was studied with the help of rabbit antibody and CEA-specific lectin-krustacin in pepsinogen positive gastric glands near carcinomas and in gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia of the epithelium without neoplasia. CEA-krustacin was revealed in 20 out of 41 cases and CEA-antibody in 2 out of 41 cases of gastric glands in mucosa near carcinomas. The results of investigation discover the development in the gastric glands near carcinoma subcellular components.

[Antigenic markers in the cytological diagnosis of human malignant neoplasms].

The review deals with antigenic markers used for immunocytochemical diagnosis of malignant tumours describes theoretical and practical basis for identification of malignant cells in lymph nodes, bone marrow, peritoneal and pleural effusions and sputum with application of tumour markers. The identification of micrometastases in lymph nodes of patients with gastric cancer and the identification of malignant cells in smears from effusions illustrate the authors' own results. The description of immunocytochemical methods is given.

[The cellular localization of the fertility alpha 2-microglobulin in tumors of the reproductive system].

Seventy-five samples of human tumors were examined immunohistochemically for fertility alpha-2-microglobulin also known as progesterone-associated protein of the endometrium. The protein was detected in 35.7% (5 of 14) endometrial cancer samples and in 20% (2 of 10) of ovarian malignancies.

[Immunohistological study of pulmonary adenocarcinoma using monoclonal antibodies].

Immunohistochemical methods were used to identify A2F4 monoclonal antibodies raised by immunization of animals with a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line in 17 lung adenocarcinomas and five pulmonary metastases of other origin. The antigen identified by the antibodies was registered in 53% of lung adenocarcinomas. Localization of the pulmonary antigen was compared with that of the carcinoembryonic antigen.

[An immunohistochemical study of the localization of embryonic prealbumin in the gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis and hyperplastic polyps].

The location of embryonic prealbumin (EPA) was investigated by indirect immune peroxidase test in gastric mucosa: 16 cases of chronic gastritis without malignant tumour and in 48 cases of gastric carcinoma. EPA in the mucosa was found in 35% cases of carcinoma outside the tumour and 31.3% cases of mucosa without tumour.

[The use of immunochemical reactions in determining a cytological diagnosis].

Cytologic preparations of 56 samples of pleural fluid, of 31 samples of ascitic fluid, and 13 puncture biopsy specimens were examined in immunocytochemical tests. Carcinoembryonic antigen and trophoblastic beta 2-globulin were detected in the cytograms. Antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen and trophoblastic beta 2-globulin employed in the tests did not react with the cells from benign exudation, because tumor cells, particularly glandular carcinoma ones, contain these markers in high concentrations.

[Immunohistologic study of intestinal antigen beta-2-MA in gastric tumors].

Immunologic techniques were used to examine localization of the intestinal antigen beta-2-MA in 87 cases of malignant gastric tumors and 25 cases of non-neoplastic diseases of the stomach. The antigen was identified in 46.4% of gastric carcinomas.

[The meconium antigen exhibiting oncofetal properties].

A rabbit antiserum to the meconium antigen of the human fetal intestine is obtained by immunization of rabbits by this substance preparation. The preparation is extracted from meconium by the sulphate ammonium (70% saturation) treatment and gel filtration of supernatant with selection of the 240 kD fractions. In the indirect immunoperoxidase reaction the antiserum reacts with epithelium of certain normal and fetal tissues.

[Immunohistochemical and radiologic study of the accumulation of antibodies to the beta-1-MA antigen in human tumors transplanted into athymic mice].

Human tumours and tissues of nude mice were studied immunohistochemically using rabbit antibody to the beta-1-MA. Specific reaction was observed in colonic carcinomas, beta-1-MA was not found in other tumours. The specific reaction was found in intestinal epithelium of nude mice, and was absent in other tissues.

[Immunohistochemical study of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in normal and embryonic human tissues using a CEA-specific oncoprecipitin, krustacin].

Using immunoperoxidase technique, antibodies to CEA (Ab) were compared to a glycoprotein krustacin (Kr) extracted from Pagurus prideauxii, which has an ability to precipitate specifically CEA. It was found that Kr and Ab reacted in a similar manner with embryonic and normal gastrointestinal tissues, revealing practically identical localization of the antigen in the tissues and cells. It was possible, however, to note some quantitative and qualitative differences in the distribution of antigen, which showed that Kr and Ab reacted with different determinants of the CEA molecule.

[Immunomorphologic study of pepsinogens in stomach cancer].

Pepsinogens were studied in histological specimens of gastric carcinoma by indirect immunoperoxidase method. They were identified in 14 out of 24 intestinal tumors and in 2 out of 6 mixed carcinomas, but none was found in any of 10 diffuse carcinomas. Pepsinogen C was found in all pepsinogen-positive tumors, pepsinogen A--in 11 of them, and an antigen common with swine pepsin--in 2 tumors only.

[Immunohistological study of the normal human gastric mucosa and that of chronic gastritis].

Normal gastric mucosa and that in atrophic gastritis was studied by indirect immunoperoxidase method. Intestinal antigens CEA and beta 1MA were found in the foetal stomach and in the foci of intestinal metaplasia with and without dysplastic epithelial changes. Gastric antigens, pepsinogens of the foetal and 2-nd type, were found in foetal and adult stomach, as well as in the foci of intestinal metaplasia with dysplastic changes.

[Combined malignant carcinoid and adenomas in the operated stomach: the immunohistological study of a case].

The distribution of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), organ specific colonic antigen (C) and two pepsinogens (P) was studied in the peritumorous mucosa and in the tumours (one carcinoid and 3 adenomas) in the stomach of a patient, that had undergone the Bilroth-II resection 10 years before. No antigens were found in the carcinoid. C-antigen was found in the adenomas.