Influence of Type of Dental Visit on the Incidence of COVID-19 and Related Hospitalisation Among Older People in Japan.

In 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began worldwide. We examined the association between dental visit status and the incidence of COVID-19 and hospitalisation for it among older people based on medical claims data to help reduce COVID-19 severity. The study included 170,232 people who were 75-85 years old in fiscal 2019, with fiscal 2020 and 2021 serving as the follow-up period to ascertain the status of COVID-19.

Validity of the self-reported number of teeth in independent older people in Japan.

Background: In questionnaire surveys, questions about self-reported number of teeth (SRNT) are often used as a measure oral health. This study investigated the validity of SRNT in older Japanese people.

Methods: In total, 4984 75- and 80-year-old patients who underwent dental examinations were enrolled.

Uneven changes in air and crown temperatures associated with snowpack changes affect the phenology of overwintering cereals.

Time series analysis of overwintering cereals in snowy areas has revealed several phenological patterns associated with climate changes in winter. Herein, to investigate the recent effect of climatic variations on overwintering cereals, we investigated the phenology over multiple decades at three snowy region sites with an air temperature (T) increase trend of 0.48-1.

Genomic characterization of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from diseased dogs and cats: Report from Japanese Veterinary Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring.

This study investigates the genomic characteristics of canine and feline cefotaxime (CTX, a third-generation cephalosporin)-resistant Escherichia coli using the JVARM, Japanese Veterinary Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, a nationwide monitoring. In this study, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 51 canine and 45 feline CTX-resistant E. coli isolates, with certain isolates subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with S1 nuclease for plasmid-chromosome separation.

Factors Related to Regular Dental Check-Ups in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities in Japan.

Background: We investigated the factors associated with regular dental check-ups among adults with intellectual disabilities in Japan, with the aim of increasing the attendance rate of regular dental check-ups, which are important for maintaining the oral health of persons with intellectual disabilities.

Methods: A questionnaire survey focused on oral health was conducted with 971 adults with intellectual disabilities in Japan. The survey included questions related to disability diagnosis, severity of intellectual disability, residence type, and several oral-health factors, including proxy-reported number of teeth, presence of a family dentist, frequency of regular dental check-ups, tooth-brushing habits, and availability of a dental hygienist at a facility.

Association between Cognitive Impairment Severity and Polypharmacy in Older Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Retrospective Study Using Inpatient Data from a Specialised Geriatric Hospital.

This study aimed to investigate the association between cognitive impairment and polypharmacy in patients with atrial fibrillation prone to cognitive decline, and to elucidate if the Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-based Integrated Care System 21-Items (DASC-21) severity classification indicates drug adjustment. This retrospective cohort study used the DASC-21 and Diagnosis Procedure Combination data at a specialised geriatric hospital with patients hospitalised between April 2019 and March 2022. The association between cognitive severity evaluated using the DASC-21 and polypharmacy was investigated using a multivariate logistic regression model.

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of spp. isolated from animal feed in Japan.

The rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacteria is a global health problem at the human, animal, and environmental interfaces, which necessitates the "One Health" approach. AMR of bacteria in animal feed are a potential cause of the prevalence in livestock; however, the role remains unclear. To date, there is limited research on AMR of bacteria in animal feed in Japan.

Diversity of oxidation state in copper complexes with phenolate ligands.

The phenoxyl radical binding copper complexes have been widely developed and their detailed geometric and electronic structures have been clarified. While many one-electron oxidized Cu-phenolate complexes have been reported previously, recent studies of the Cu-phenolate complexes proceed toward elucidation of the complexes with other oxidation states, such as the phenoxyl radical binding Cu complexes and Cu-phenolate complexes in the formal oxidation state. This Perspective focuses on new aspects of the properties and reactivities of various Cu-phenolate and Cu-phenoxyl radical complexes with emphasis on the relationship between geometric and electronic structures.

Association between oral health and locomotive syndrome: a cross-sectional study in Japanese adults.

Background: Many studies have examined the association between oral health, care needs, and physical function, but few have focused on the association between oral health and locomotive syndrome (LS). We examined the association between LS and oral-health status, such as the number of teeth and chewing function, in an adult population.

Methods: The study included 2888 participants who underwent examinations of motor function and oral health.

A comprehensive analysis of gut and skin microbiota in canine atopic dermatitis in Shiba Inu dogs.

Background: Like its human counterpart, canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a chronic relapsing condition; thus, most cAD-affected dogs will require lifelong treatment to maintain an acceptable quality of life. A potential intervention is modulation of the composition of gut microbiota, and in fact, probiotic treatment has been proposed and tried in human atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Since dogs are currently receiving intensive medical care, this will be the same option for dogs, while evidence of gut dysbiosis in cAD is still missing, although skin microbial profiling in cAD has been conducted in several studies.

Periodontitis and the incidence of metabolic syndrome: An 8-year longitudinal study of an adult Japanese cohort.

Aim: To examine the effect of periodontitis on the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MetS components.

Materials And Methods: This study included 4761 participants aged 30-74 years who underwent health examinations at both baseline and 8-year follow-up. The Japanese MetS criteria were used for diagnosis.

Accuracy of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Teicoplanin at the Onset of Febrile Neutropenia.

: Teicoplanin (TEIC) is an effective drug for patients with febrile neutropenia (FN); however, it has been reported that these patients may have increased TEIC clearance compared with patients who do not have FN. The purpose of this study was to study therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with FN when the TEIC dosing design was based on the population mean method. : Thirty-nine FN patients with hematological malignancy were included in the study.

Can retro-reflective materials replace diffuse highly reflective materials for urban buildings' wall to improve outdoor thermal comfort?

In recent years, there have been numerous studies on the application of retroreflective (RR) materials to exterior building walls to relieve the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon and save building energy consumption instead of diffuse highly reflective (DHR) materials. Experimental measurements were undertaken to investigate the impact of applying DHR and RR materials to building exterior walls on the outdoor thermal environment. DHR and RR walls were tested with three canyon aspect ratios ( / ) of 0.

An Iridium/Aluminum Cooperative Strategy for the β-C(sp )-H Borylation of Saturated Cyclic Amines.

Despite the widespread success in the functionalization of C(sp )-H bonds, the deliberate functionalization of C(sp )-H bonds in a highly site- and stereoselective manner remains a longstanding challenge. Herein, we report an iridium/aluminum cooperative catalytic system that enables the β-selective C-H borylation of saturated cyclic amines and lactams. Furthermore, we have accomplished an enantioselective variant using binaphthol-derived chiral aluminum catalysts to forge C-B bonds with high levels of stereocontrol.

Periodontitis and the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A longitudinal study of an adult Japanese cohort.

Aim: To examine the relationship between periodontitis as an independent effect of smoking and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Japanese people based on longitudinal data.

Materials And Methods: We targeted 4745 people who underwent pulmonary function tests and dental check-ups at baseline and 8 years later. The Community Periodontal Index was used to assess periodontal status.

Ionic Liquid-Based Transcutaneous Peptide Antitumor Vaccine: Therapeutic Effect in a Mouse Tumor Model.

Traditional vaccinations need to be injected with needles, and since some people have a strong aversion to needles, a needle-free alternative delivery system is important. In this study, we employed ionic liquids (ILs) for transcutaneous delivery of cancer antigen-derived peptides to obtain anticancer therapeutic effects in a needle-free manner. ILs successfully increased the in vitro skin permeability of a peptide from Wilms tumor 1 (WT1), one of the more promising cancer antigens, plus or minus an adjuvant, resiquimod (R848), a toll-like receptor 7 agonist.

Factors Related to Early Childhood Caries in 17- to 23-Month-Old Children in Aichi Prefecture, Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Dental caries is the most prevalent of chronic oral conditions. We investigated child and parental factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC) in 17- to 23-month-old children in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Of the 61,714 children who underwent a health examination at 18 months of age, 54,206 (27,860 males, 26,346 females) were included in the analysis.

Identification and characterization of the genome of a papillomavirus from skin lesions of four-toed hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris).

The present study describes the clinical and pathological characteristics of skin lesions in two four-toed hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris). We performed inverse PCR to identify the genome of papillomavirus (PV) in the skin lesions and subsequently sequenced the full genome of the virus, which was tentatively named Atelerix albiventris papillomavirus 1 (AalbPV1). The overall sequences of the viral genomes of both four-toed hedgehogs were identical.

Association of self-rated chewing function and oral health status with metabolic syndrome.

Purpose: The study aimed to examine the association of self-rated chewing function, the number of teeth and periodontal status with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: The participants were 11,119 adults aged 40-74 years who underwent specific health checkups, including an oral health examination, in 2018 in Japan. This study used the standard questions of the specific health checkups to obtain information on self-rated chewing function.