p.Arg4810Lys (c.14429G>A) is associated with extracranial arterial stenosis.

() p.Arg4810Lys (c.14429G > A) is associated with intracranial artery stenosis; however, its association with extracranial artery stenosis remains unknown.

A convolutional neural network model detecting lasting behavioral changes in mice with kanamycin-induced unilateral inner ear dysfunction.

In acute aminoglycoside ototoxicity of the unilateral inner ear, physical abnormalities, such as nystagmus and postural alteration, are relieved within a few days by neural compensation. To examine exploratory behavior over an extended period, behaviors of freely moving mice after unilateral kanamycin injection into the inner ear were recorded in a home cage environment. The tail was excluded from deep learning-mediated object detection because of its delayed movement relative to the body.

Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in Elderly Persons During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a pathogenic respiratory virus that is considered to affect not only children but also adults, especially elderly persons aged ≥65 years. However, in Japan, the annual epidemic situation and severity of RSV infections in these adults have not yet been clarified, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The epidemic of RSV, especially the number of adults with RSV infection during the COVID-19 period, was retrospectively analyzed.

Neurite outgrowth promotion in PC12 cells by 24()-ethyllophenol from .

We examined the mechanism by which 24()-ethyllophenol (MAB28) isolated from the branches of caused neurite outgrowth in rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12). MAB28 significantly promoted neurite outgrowth to a similar degree as the positive control, nerve growth factor (NGF). After incubation with MAB28 in PC12 cells, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and cyclic AMP response element-binding protein was detected, but the time course of phosphorylation was different from that induced by NGF.

A Rare Case of Overlapping Durvalumab-induced Myositis, Takotsubo-like Morphological Changes Caused by Myocarditis, and Myasthenia Gravis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause a range of immune-related adverse events, including myositis, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and myasthenia gravis. We herein report a rare case of a 78-year-old man with concurrent durvalumab-induced myositis, Takotsubo-like morphological changes caused by myocarditis, and myasthenia gravis. The patient initially required invasive ventilation and exhibited symptoms of myasthenia gravis after treatment with high-dose steroids.

The Epidemiology of Circulating Respiratory Pathogens during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective To survey the epidemiology of respiratory pathogens during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods Specimens were assayed using multiplex nested PCR. Materials Specimens were obtained from outpatients who presented with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection and asymptomatic outpatients who had contact with patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection at Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital in Sendai, Japan, from November 1, 2020, to May 31, 2023.

Effectiveness of Drip Infusion of Lascufloxacin, a Novel Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic, for Patients with Pneumonia Including Chronic Lung Disease Exacerbations and Lung Abscesses.

Background: Lascufloxacin (LSFX), a novel fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, has recently been used as a drip infusion for treating pneumonia, apparently with good effectiveness against various bacteria, including anaerobes, and good intrapulmonary penetration.

Methods: The clinical effectiveness of LSFX was retrospectively investigated for the 55 patients admitted to our hospital with pneumonia, including chronic lung disease exacerbations and lung abscesses, from May 2021 to July 2023.

Results: The median age of the 55 patients was 76.

Lidocaine as a potential therapeutic option for super-refractory status epilepticus: A case report.

New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare and devastating condition and the prognosis is often poor, with half to two-thirds of survivors experiencing drug-resistant epilepsy, residual cognitive impairment, or functional disability, and the mortality rate is 16% to 27% for adults. We describe a patient with cryptogenic NORSE and favorable recovery from drug-resistant super-refractory SE after the use of intravenous lidocaine. The patient experienced fever and presented with refractory generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

RNF213 p.Arg4810Lys Wild Type is Associated with De Novo Hemorrhage in Asymptomatic Hemispheres with Moyamoya Disease.

Clinical implications of RNF213 genetic variants, other than p.Arg4810Lys, in moyamoya disease (MMD), remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of RNF213 variants with clinical phenotypes in MMD.

Detection of Complex (MAC) by Bronchial Lavage and the Relationship with Titers of Anti-Glycopeptidolipid-Core IgA Antibodies to MAC in Patients with Pulmonary MAC Disease.

Background: Higher rates of diagnosis of pulmonary (MAC) disease by bronchoscopy (BS) in patients who could not diagnose by sputum cultures have been suggested, but the detailed utility of BS, especially in combination with anti-glycopeptidolipid-core IgA antibodies (anti-MAC Ab), is still unclear.

Methods: A total of 111 patients at our hospital with suspected MAC who underwent BS because they were sputum-negative from April 2018 to March 2022 were analyzed prospectively. These patients were also divided into two groups, anti-MAC Ab-positive and anti-MAC Ab-negative, and compared.

Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Patients with Moyamoya Disease who Experienced Both Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Events.

Objective: Cerebrovascular events in moyamoya disease are mainly classified into ischemic or hemorrhagic onset. It is rare for one patient to develop both ischemia and hemorrhage in moyamoya disease; detailed clinical course and genetic characteristics of such patients have not been elucidated. We aimed to clarify the clinical features of patients with both ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular events.

Sequential dependencies of responses in a questionnaire survey and their effects on the reliability and validity of measurement.

The reliability and validity of measurements in questionnaire surveys are affected by the survey design. Previous studies have discussed whether the items on a multidimensional scale should be grouped by subscale or randomized to increase the reliability and validity of the measurement. However, it is not clear what effect item order has on the true reliability and validity and whether the order causes bias in these estimates.

Genetics of brain arteriovenous malformations and cerebral cavernous malformations.

Cerebrovascular malformations comprise abnormal development of cerebral vasculature. They can result in hemorrhagic stroke due to rupture of lesions as well as seizures and neurological defects. The most common forms of cerebrovascular malformations are brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) and cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs).

Use of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the early detection of an outbreak of human parainfluenza virus type 3 infection in a nursery school during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Although outbreaks of parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) have been reported in children, to our knowledge none have been reported in a nursery school. As the symptoms of PIV-3 infection are similar to those of COVID-19 infection, accurate diagnosis of PIV-3 and other respiratory viruses is important during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: We experienced an outbreak of upper respiratory symptoms at a nursery school in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, from 29/5/2021 to 13/6/2021 and aimed to determine the causative organism(s).

Dive into the sea: first molecular phylogenetic evidence of host expansion from terrestrial/freshwater to marine organisms in Mermithidae (Nematoda: Mermithida).

We report the first mermithid nematode found to be parasitic in a marine tanaidacean crustacean. Ten host tanaidaceans were collected from a depth of 52 m in Otsuchi Bay, Iwate, Japan, north-western Pacific, and identified as a species in the tanaidid genus Zeuxo Templeton, 1840. Nematodes occurred in the host's body cavity; in one case, at least two individuals inhabited a single host.

Swallowing computed tomography and virtual reality as novel imaging modalities for the diagnosis of clicking larynx: Two case reports.

Globus sensation and pain causes are difficult to identify by conventional examination methods. With technology advances, new imaging methods including swallowing computed tomography (CT) and virtual reality (VR) have emerged and are contributing to definite diagnoses. We report two cases of cervical discomfort diagnosed as clicking larynx using swallowing CT/VR .

Three Free-Living Marine Nematodes from Sagami Bay, Japan, with a Description of sp. nov. (Nematoda: Oncholaimidae).

We describe three free-living marine nematode species from Sagami Bay, Japan. sp. nov.

Utility of a Cell-Direct Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Detection of Bacteria in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Suspected Sepsis Cases.

Background: The detection of the pathogens in the blood is essential for the management of septic patients; however, conventional blood culture takes 2-3 days. Therefore, rapid and convenient methods may be useful to aid clinical decision-making.

Methods: Blood samples with sepsis clinically diagnosed in cases that fulfilled the diagnostic criteria were used and analyzed the utility of a novel bacterial nucleic acid identification test using a cell-direct polymerase chain reaction (cdPCR)-based nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) which were named as "DiagnoSep" to detect representative bacteria in peripheral blood leukocytes in patients admitted to our hospital and compared the conventional blood culture results simultaneously taken from the patients.

Ultrasound-guided computed tomography angiography for the diagnosis of rotational vertebral artery occlusion: 2 case reports and technical notes.

Rotational vertebral artery occlusion is a rare cause of ischemic stroke in the vertebrobasilar arteries. While computed tomography angiography (CTA) is less invasive for the diagnosis of rational vertebral artery occlusion than digital subtraction angiography and more useful for elucidating the correlation between vertebrobasilar arteries and the surrounding structure, carotid ultrasound is noninvasive and more beneficial for the real-time evaluation of the hemodynamic change with neck rotation compared to CTA. Here, we reported 2 cases of rotational vertebral artery occlusion in patients aged 81 and 38 years and proposed a novel technique for its diagnosis using ultrasound-guided CTA.

RNF213 p.Arg4810Lys Heterozygosity in Moyamoya Disease Indicates Early Onset and Bilateral Cerebrovascular Events.

The relationship between RNF213 c.14429G > A (p.Arg4810Lys) heterozygous variants and clinical manifestation in patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD) remains unclear.