Prediction of the Fatal Acute Complications of Myocardial Infarction via Machine Learning Algorithms.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death, particularly during the first year. The avoidance of potentially fatal outcomes requires expeditious preventative steps. Machine learning (ML) is a subfield of artificial intelligence science that detects the underlying patterns of available big data for modeling them.

Assessment of the relationship between the dopaminergic pathway and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, with related neuropathological features, and potential therapeutic approaches in COVID-19 infection.

Dopamine is a known catecholamine neurotransmitter involved in several physiological processes, including motor control, motivation, reward, cognition, and immune function. Dopamine receptors are widely distributed throughout the nervous system and in immune cells. Several viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus and Japanese encephalitis virus, can use dopaminergic receptors to replicate in the nervous system and are involved in viral neuropathogenesis.

Molecular signaling pathways, pathophysiological features in various organs, and treatment strategies in SARS-CoV2 infection.

Cytokine storms and extra-activated cytokine signaling pathways can lead to severe tissue damage and patient death. Activation of inflammatory signaling pathways during Cytokine storms are an important factor in the development of acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), which is the major health problem today, causing systemic and local inflammation. Cytokine storms attract many inflammatory cells that attack the lungs and other organs and cause tissue damage.

The importance of neopterin in COVID-19: The prognostic value and relation with the disease severity.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 [COVID-19], caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2], has rapidly evolved into a global health emergency. Neopterin [NPT], produced by macrophages when stimulated with interferon [IFN-]gamma, is an essential cytokine in the antiviral immune response. NPT has been used as a marker for the early assessment of disease severity in different diseases.

Glycemic control in the infectious diseases ward; role of clinical pharmacist interventions.

Introduction: Hyperglycemia is one of the most frequent metabolic complications in hospitalized patients. Increased risk of infection following hyperglycemia has been reported in hospitalized patients and infections may also cause insulin resistance which complicates the control of blood glucose level. In this study the impact of the clinical pharmacist interventions on the glycemic control in patients admitted to infectious diseases ward has been evaluated.

Carnitine for prevention of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: a randomized, clinical trial.

Background And Aim: In the present study, the potential benefits of oral carnitine in preventing antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDH) were evaluated.

Methods: Fifty-four patients in the carnitine and 62 patients in the placebo group completed the study. The carnitine group received 1000 mg oral carnitine solution twice daily for 4 weeks.

Carnitine and sepsis: a review of an old clinical dilemma.

Purpose: The precise role of carnitine as the key regulator of lipid metabolism in sepsis is unclear. In this review, available experimental as well as clinical evidences regarding the probable beneficial effects of carnitine in sepsis were evaluated.

Method: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the related medical databases.

Carnitine deficiency and its possible risk factors in TB patients: first report.

Aim: To assess carnitine serum levels and possible risk factors of its deficiency in patients with TB.

Patients & Methods: All newly diagnosed TB patients admitted to an infectious diseases ward were recruited. Demographic, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of the patients were collected.

Frequency of depression and its correlation with serum carnitine level in HIV/AIDS patients.

There are some evidences regarding beneficial effects of carnitine in improvement of depression symptoms. Incidence of depression is significantly higher among HIV positive individuals compared to HIV negative populations. Also carnitine deficiency is prevalent in HIV positive individuals.

Prevention of vancomycin induced nephrotoxicity: a review of preclinical data.

Purpose: Several strategies have been proposed for the prevention of vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity. Here, we review available evidence supporting the respective strategies.

Method: Data were collected by searching the Scopus, PubMed, and Medline databases and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

Intraocular pressure after exposure to moderate altitude.

Background: To study intraocular pressure (IOP) alteration in healthy individuals following a rapid effortless increase in altitude from 1900 m above sea level (ASL) to 3740 m ASL.

Methods: Intraocular pressure, blood pressure, pulse rate, and arterial oxygen tension were determined in both eyes of healthy volunteers at the lower altitude. Participants were taken to a higher altitude of 3740 m ASL (1840-m altitude gain) via gondola lift, which took 30 minutes.

Adherence to empiric antibiotic therapy guideline in a referral teaching hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Antibiotic guidelines have proven to be a simple and effective intervention to guide the choice of appropriate empiric antibiotic regimens. The goals of this study were to evaluate adherence to guidelines and streamlining of antibiotics. Hospital records of hospitalized patients in infectious diseases ward Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from May 2008 to September 2009 were reviewed.