Metopism and Its Clinical Relevance: A Persistent Suture.

Background: Metopic suture is a dense fibrous joint extending from nasion to bregma. Normally, closure of this suture takes place between 1-8 years of age. Failure of this closure beyond 8 years leads to persistent metopic suture.

Dependability of Electrode to Modiolus Distance in Patients Specific Electrode Selection: A Cadaveric Model Study.

Objective: This study aims to discern the disparities in the electrode-to-modiolus distance (EMD) between cochleostomy and round window approaches when performed sequentially in the same temporal bone. Additionally, the study seeks to identify the cochlear metrics that contribute to these differences.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving the sequential insertion of a 12-electrode array through both round window and cochleostomy approaches in cadaveric temporal bones.

Going the extra mile: Developing an interactive mobile application for maternal and infant care for tribal birth attendants.

Background: Mobile health applications are an established tool for healthcare management, patient education, and even capacity building for healthcare providers. However, its use among traditional birth attendants (TBAs) is limited. The aim of this study is to explore the needs and bottlenecks of developing an interactive mobile application for maternal and infant care (MAI) of TBAs.

Carrier Screening and Diagnosis for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Using Droplet Digital PCR Versus MLPA: Analytical Validation and Early Test Outcome.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular life-threatening disorder. Owing to high carrier frequency, population-wide SMA screening to quantify the copy number of gene is recommended by American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. An accurate, reliable, short runaround time and cost-effective method may be helpful in mass population screening for SMA.

Anomalous retrogressive palmaris longus.

An interesting case of unusual unilateral variant of palmaris longus (PL) tendon of forearm was noticed by us. We found two bellies of PL as well as their different insertions. These observations will help in understanding morphological variations of this muscle and its clinical implications.

Comparison of depth of electrode insertion between cochleostomy and round window approach: a cadaveric study.

Introduction: Round window approach and cochleostomy approach can have different depth of electrode insertion during cochlear implantation which itself can alter the audiological outcomes in cochlear implant.

Objective: The current study was conducted to determine the difference in the depth of electrode insertion via cochleostomy and round widow approach when done serially in same temporal bone.

Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology in conjunction with Department of Anatomy and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology over a period of 1 year.

Digital eye strain among medical students associated with shifting to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, symptoms, and awareness of computer vision syndrome (CVS) among medical students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 283 undergraduate medical students at a tertiary healthcare center. An electronic survey was conducted to collect the data.

Computed tomographic age estimation from the iliac crest and ischial tuberosity in an Indian population using supervised machine learning approaches.

Within the pelvis the iliac crest and ischial tuberosity display delayed ossification and fusion, thus, presenting as reliable maturity indicators. Amongst the different iliac crest and ischial tuberosity age estimation methods, the modified Kreitner-Kellinghaus stages constitute one of the more promising methods. The present study was directed towards establishing the applicability of the modified Kreitner-Kellinghaus method using five supervised machine learning approaches.

Applicability of the six-phase method for auricular age estimation in an Indian population: A CT-based study.

Age estimation plays a crucial role in human identification. Amongst numerous age markers located throughout the skeletal framework, the auricular surface of the ilium presents as a resilient structure, with different methods for auricular age estimation currently in practice. Amongst these methods, the Osborne method is believed to permit accurate age estimation through its use of robust age categories and discrete phase descriptors.

Machine learning and regression analysis for age estimation from the iliac crest based on computed tomographic explorations in an Indian population.

Age estimation constitutes an integral parameter of identification. In children, sub-adults, and young adults, accurate age estimation is vital on various aspects of civil, criminal, and immigration law. The iliac crest presents as a suitable age marker within these age cohorts, and the modified Risser method constitutes a relatively novel and unexplored method for iliac crest age estimation.

Applicability of the Suchey-Brooks method for age estimation in an Indian population: A computed tomography-based exploration using Bayesian analysis and machine learning.

Age estimation occupies a prominent niche in the identification process. In cases where skeletal remains present for examination, age is often estimated from markers distributed throughout the skeletal framework. Within the pelvis, the pubic symphysis constitutes one of the more commonly utilized skeletal markers for age estimation, with the Suchey-Brooks method comprising one of the more commonly employed methods for pubic symphyseal age estimation.

Assessment of the use and Safety of Protection Box for Intubation and Extubation Among Anaesthesiologists During COVID-19 Pandemic- A Cross-sectional Survey.

Introduction: Covid 19 epidemic has affected the people making them undergo emergency procedures requiring intubation. A protective box was innovated at our tertiary care centre to safeguard the HCW during intubation and/or extubation and the study was planned to assess its use and safety among the anaesthesiologists.

Methods: A cross sectional, questionnaire base survey was done among anaesthesiologists in various strata of residency.

An evaluation of the Gilbert-McKern pubic symphyseal age estimation method using Bayesian statistics and principal component analysis: A computed tomographic exploration in an Indian population.

Age of an individual constitutes a primary facet of human identification. In cases where skeletal remains present for examination, bony markers distributed throughout the skeletal framework are employed for age estimation. Amongst these markers, the pubic symphysis constitutes one of the more commonly utilized structures.

Age estimation from iliac auricular surface using Bayesian inference and principal component analysis: a CT-based study in an Indian population.

Age estimation constitutes one of the pillars of human identification. The auricular surface of the ilium presents as a durable and robust structure within the human skeletal framework, capable of enabling accurate age estimation in older adults. Amongst different documented auricular age estimation methods, the Buckberry-Chamberlain method offers greater objectivity through its component-based approach.

Systematic Review of Morphometric Analysis of Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) Emphasizing on Its Clinical Implications.

Thorough data of morphometric measurements of arteries forming Circle of Willis (CW) is crucial for radiological and neurosurgical interventions. This systematic review has been conducted with the objective to find an effective range of length and diameter of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and to observe whether there is any change in the length and diameter of ACA depending on age or sex. Articles based on length and diameter of ACA via any mode of study like cadaveric or radiological were considered in this systematic review.

An evaluation of the three-component pubic symphyseal human age estimation method: a CT-based exploration in an Indian population.

Age estimation constitutes an important facet of human identification within forensic, bioarchaeological, repatriation, and humanitarian contexts. Within the human skeletal framework, the pubic symphysis comprises one of the more commonly utilized structures for age estimation. The present investigation was aimed at establishing the applicability of the McKern-Stewart pubic symphyseal age estimation method in males and females of an Indian population, an aspect previously unreported.

Morphological Study of Variations of the Human Cadaveric Liver and Its Clinical Implications.

Introduction With increasing dependence on laparoscopic procedures, precise knowledge of external variations of the liver is essential for good surgical and interventional outcomes, preventing imaging misdiagnosis, and curtailing complications. The present study aims to evaluate the gross anatomical variations of the liver. Materials and Methods The 40 adult cadaveric livers of age 60-80 years were removed during the routine dissection for undergraduate medical students and examined for morphological variations in the form of size, shape, and fissures.

Applicability of the Calce method for age estimation in an Indian population: A clinical CT-based study.

Age estimation is one of the prerequisites of human identification. Age-progressive changes in the pelvis offer useful evidence for forensic age estimation across all age groups. The acetabulum presents as a durable and taphonomic degradation resistant age marker, and, can be employed for analysing age-progressive changes described by Calce.

Computed tomographic evaluation of the acetabulum for age estimation in an Indian population using principal component analysis and regression models.

The acetabulum presents as a well-preserved evidence, resistant to taphonomic degradation changes and can thus aid in the age estimation process. A CT-based examination of the acetabulum can further help simplify the process of age estimation by overcoming the time-consuming process of maceration and by doing away with the interference resulting from tissue remnants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of the acetabulum for age estimation in an Indian population through a CT-based examination, using principal component analysis and regression models.

CT-based evaluation of the acetabulum for age estimation in an Indian population.

Age estimation constitutes an important aspect of forensic research, investigation and human identification. For the purpose of age estimation, various markers within the skeletal framework are employed. Degenerative morphological changes in the skeleton can be used for age estimation in adults.

Morphometric Analysis of parameters of Internal Carotid Artery-Potential Clinical Implications.

Background: The study in consideration aimed to do morphometry of internal carotid artery (ICA) and substantiate any differences significant in relation to sex and age on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) imaging.

Objectives: Our study aims to ascertain morphometric parameters of ICA through DSA evaluation and to build a normative data which is accurate enough for the neurovascular procedures to be performed. The study will also carry out correlation of morphometry of intracerebral blood vessels with sex, age, and side-related dimorphism.

Hepatic Arterial Variations and Its Implication During Pancreatic Cancer Surgeries.

Purpose: Aberrant hepatic artery anatomy is a considerable challenge during pancreatic surgery as it warrants extreme caution for the preservation of vascular supply as well as achievement of R0 resection margin.

Method: We reviewed the literature about the aberrant anatomical variations of the hepatic artery and its relevance during pancreatoduodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy.

Result: Preoperative deliberation of peri-pancreatic vascular anatomy using advanced imaging methods is crucial for surgeons.

Forensic age estimation using conventional radiography of the medial clavicular epiphysis: A systematic review.

Of the many roles that forensic anthropologists and medico-legal professionals need to perform, forensic age estimation is one of the most frequent and important. Scoring medial clavicular epiphyseal (MCE) fusion is a method used to estimate age in young adults. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the reliability and reproducibility of MCE fusion visualised by conventional radiography and scored by Schmeling's grading system to determine whether an individual has attained the age of 18 years.