Vascular Anomaly Presenting as Neurological Crisis: A Case Report of Dolichoectasia-Induced Seizures.

A rare brain vasculature illness called dolichoectasia (DE) causes the blood vessels to enlarge and elongate. DE describes an irregular enlargement and dilatation of arteries; this condition primarily affects big blood vessels such as the internal carotid and vertebrobasilar arteries. A range of neurological symptoms may result from this illness because of the compression of nearby structures or changed hemodynamics.

Coccidioidomycosis and Histoplasmosis in Immunocompetent Individuals: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management.

Coccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis are endemic mycoses caused by the species and , respectively. While these fungal infections are often associated with immunocompromised individuals, they pose significant risks to immunocompetent hosts. This review comprehensively analyzes these infections in immunocompetent individuals, focusing on clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies.

Spontaneous Bilateral Vertebral Artery Dissection as a Rare Cause of Posterior Circulation Stroke in a Young Patient.

In young patients, ischemic stroke is an uncommon result of vertebral artery dissection (VAD). Damage to the vertebrae can occur suddenly or as a result of trauma. There are no generally recognized recommendations for diagnosis and treatment, and the majority of vague symptoms and delayed presentation provide a significant diagnostic problem.

Beaver Tail Liver Masquerading As Acute Pancreatitis.

An unusual anatomical variation known as "beaver tail liver" occurs when the liver's left lobe spreads laterally until it touches the spleen. It is also known as a sliver liver, saber-shaped liver, or flax-like liver. We are talking about a 34-year-old man, a chronic alcoholic in this case, who had complaints of upper abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, and abdominal palpation elicited tenderness in the upper abdomen.

Outcome Predictors of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Narrative Review.

Complications of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) include increased short-term mortality. Extrahepatic organ failures result from chronic liver disease and acute hepatic injury. This combination characterizes end-stage liver disease.

Silent Storm Unveiled: Lupus Nephritis and Cerebral Vasculitis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder known for its intricate clinical manifestations, spanning a spectrum of symptoms, including neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) and lupus nephritis (LN). This condition predominantly affects young women of childbearing age, presenting a diverse array of symptoms that pose challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosing central nervous system (CNS) involvement in SLE remains notably difficult despite being rooted in an autoimmune inflammatory response driven by cytokine surges.

Navigating Nutritional Strategies: A Comprehensive Review of Early and Delayed Enteral Feeding in Acute Pancreatitis.

This review critically examines enteral feeding strategies in managing acute pancreatitis, focusing on the contrasting early and delayed initiation approaches. Acute pancreatitis, marked by pancreatic inflammation, poses complex challenges, and nutritional interventions are pivotal in patient outcomes. Early enteral feeding, initiated within 24-48 hours, is associated with positive outcomes such as shortened hospital stays and reduced complications.

Comparison of health care professionals' and laypeople's knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the use of antimicrobial and antimicrobial resistance.

Background: The discovery of antimicrobials is a pioneering step in health sciences concerning preventive care and early management for infectious diseases. However, with advancements in health sciences, inappropriate knowledge, practices, and over-the-counter medications were often used by the general population in underdeveloped nations like India without thinking about its consequences which leads to the use of antimicrobials excessively or inadequately, which is also a factor for antimicrobial resistance. This quantitative study determines the awareness of healthcare professionals and laypersons about usage and resistance of antimicrobials.

Huntington's Disease: Understanding Its Novel Drugs and Treatments.

An inherited neurodegenerative ailment called Huntington's disease (HD) of gradual physical impairment, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms. It is brought on by a mutation of the HTT gene, which causes aberrant huntingtin protein buildup in neurons. This predominantly affects the striatum and cerebral cortex, where neuronal malfunction and eventual cell death follow.

Complex Closed Spinal Dysraphism Presenting As Cauda Equina Syndrome With Faun Tail Nevus.

A posterior midline cutaneous lesion known as a faun tail nevus or aberrant lumbar hypertrichosis is significant to doctors because it may serve as a cutaneous signal for an underlying spinal cord and spine abnormalities. We describe a 17-year-old child who, since infancy, has had excessive hair development over his lumbosacral area. The lower spinal cord was affected by a related spinal abnormality.

Correlation of FIRE-MADE (Frailty Index in Rural Elderly - Mental Status, Activities of Daily Living, Depression, and Events) With Sarcopenia in Elderly Population of Central Rural India.

Introduction Ageing results in the deprivation of various physiological reserves and resources resulting in the development of frailty. Frailty in turn brings various morbidities and dependence on others for the survival of an individual making him weak and vulnerable to various infective and non-infective insults leading to death. The present study assessed frailty in rural older adults of central India by using the Frailty Index in Rural Elderly - Mental Status, Activities of Daily Living, Depression, and Events (FIRE-MADE) and correlated it with sarcopenia assessed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria.

Serum Lactate-Albumin Ratio: Soothsayer for Outcome in Sepsis.

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of the serum lactate/albumin (L/A) ratio as a prognostic marker of sepsis syndrome.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted in the Internal Medicine Department at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital with a sample size of 160 cases of sepsis. The serum L/A ratio was calculated on admission and correlated with deaths and morbidity.

Timely Management of Simultaneous Bilateral Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Near-Death Experience.

Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax is a situation that rarely occurs. The patient can have various presentations, from dyspnoea and chest pain to significant respiratory failure. Although it causes lung collapse in nearly two thirds of cases, early diagnosis and treatment are of the utmost importance.

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Treated Successfully in a COVID-19 Patient Having a Computed Tomography Severity Score of 22/25.

We present a case of a 50-year-old female who came to us with chief complaints of breathlessness, general weakness, and cough. She tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on testing with Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). She had high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax score of 22/25.

Fatal Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Post-COVID-19 Vaccination: A Rare Case Report.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a disease of the brain and spinal cord that is an immune-mediated inflammatory and demyelinating disorder, which is commonly preceded by an infection. Some reports have also shown the association of acute demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) with vaccination. Primarily, the involvement of the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres, brain stem, and spinal cord is observed.

Acquired Refractory Angioneurotic Edema in a Known Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

A woman came to the emergency room with swelling of the face, which included swelling around the lips and the eyes. The patient had undergone root canal treatment under lidocaine anesthesia one day prior, after which she developed swelling. Because angioneurotic edema was a possibility, the complement components C3 and C4 and C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) were tested.

Role of Ertugliflozin in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus.

The novel oral sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor Ertugliflozin (SteglatroTM) is introduced as a monotherapy or in conjunction with another antidiabetic drug regimen for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Additional safe and efficient treatment options for patients and physicians are of utmost importance as the incidence of T2DM rises. As a standalone therapy or an adjunctive treatment, ertugliflozin seems to be a reliable and safe option.

Supernumerary Kidney (Triple Kidney) With Horseshoe Malformation: A Case Report.

The presence of an extra (third) kidney is an unusual congenital anomaly of the urinary system (US), having less than a hundred cases reported globally. Owing to the rare occurrence of this complex anomaly, the fused supernumerary kidney and horseshoe portion is very scarcely reported with unknown incidence. This paper presents a rare renal anomaly case of a fused supernumerary kidney with a horseshoe portion in a 41-year-old male who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and burning micturition.