Occurrence and management of the emerging pathogen .

Epicoccum sorghinum is a notorious fungal pathogen that causes leaf spot symptoms on a wide range of plants, leading to devastating losses in crop production and quality. Here, all reports regarding the occurrence and management of E. sorghinum are covered for the first time.

Amphiphilic Block Copolymers Containing Benzenesulfonyl Azide Groups as Visible Light-Responsive Drug Carriers for Image-Guided Delivery.

Nanoparticles (NPs) containing light-responsive polymers and imaging agents show great promise for controlled drug delivery. However, most light-responsive NPs rely on short-wavelength excitation, resulting in poor tissue penetration and potential cytotoxicity. Moreover, excessively sensitive NPs may prematurely release drugs during storage and circulation, diminishing their efficacy and causing off-target toxicity.

Prolonged near-infrared fluorescence imaging of microRNAs and proteases by aggregation-enhanced emission from DNA-AuNC nanomachines.

Developing a comprehensive strategy for imaging various biomarkers (, microRNAs and proteases) is an exceptionally formidable task. Herein, we have designed a deoxyribonucleic acid-gold nanocluster (DNA-AuNC) nanomachine for detecting tumor-related TK1 mRNA and cathepsin B in living cells and . The DNA-AuNC nanomachine is constructed using AuNCs and DNA modules that incorporate a three component DNA hybrid (TD) and a single-stranded fuel DNA (FD).

First Report of Causing Leaf Blight on Loquat in Eastern China.

During May-June 2021 and 2022, leaf blight symptoms were observed on loquat leaves (Eriobotrya japonica cv. 'Mogi') in Jiangsu Province (Xuzhou municipality, 117.17° E, 34.

Expression of -mutant proteins and genomic evolution in -mutant transformed small cell lung cancer.

Background: The transformation of epidermal growth factor receptor ()-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 3-14% of the resistance mechanism to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). At present, there is no relevant research to explore the dynamic expression of -mutant proteins and genomic evolution in -mutant transformed SCLC/neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC).

Methods: Genetic analysis and protein level analysis by next-generation sequencing (NGS), Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and immunohistochemistry were performed to explore expression of -mutant proteins and genomic evolution in -mutant transformed SCLC.

A Nano-Cleaning Fluid for Downhole Casing Cleaning.

In drilling and completion projects, sludge is formed as a byproduct when barite and oil are mixed, and later sticks to the casing. This phenomenon has caused a delay in drilling progress, and increased exploration and development costs. Since nano-emulsions have low interfacial surface tension, wetting, and reversal capabilities, this study used nano-emulsions with a particle size of about 14 nm to prepare a cleaning fluid system.

First Report of Causing Leaf Blight on Maize in China.

In August 2022, two-month-old maize plants (Zea mays cv. 'Zihei'; "Chinese purple corn") exhibited irregular lesions on leaves and leaf blight symptoms (Figure 1). Although the lesions were yellow at the early infection stages, they turned brown during the pathogen advancement and culminated in leaf blight.

Using patient-derived organoids to predict locally advanced or metastatic lung cancer tumor response: A real-world study.

Predicting the clinical response to chemotherapeutic or targeted treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic lung cancer requires an accurate and affordable tool. Tumor organoids are a potential approach in precision medicine for predicting the clinical response to treatment. However, their clinical application in lung cancer has rarely been reported because of the difficulty in generating pure tumor organoids.

A potential treatment option for transformed small-cell lung cancer on PD-L1 inhibitor-based combination therapy improved survival.

Objectives: Transformed small-cell lung cancer (T-SCLC) has an extremely poor prognosis, and no remedies based on immunotherapy have been evaluated among T-SCLC patients. We retrospectively analysed the efficacy and safety of combining atezolizumab with chemotherapy for T-SCLC.

Methods: Forty-seven patients harbouring EGFR mutations who developed T-SCLC were enrolled.

Identification of New Strains Causing Soybean Pod Blight in China and Their Control Using Carbendazim, Dipicolinic Acid and Kojic Acid.

Soybean plants are highly susceptible to species, which significantly reduce soybean production and quality. Several species have been reported to synthesize mycotoxins, such as trichothecene, which have been related to major human diseases. In November 2021, soybean pods in Nantong municipality, China, showed black necrotic lesions during the harvest stage.

Experimental testing of fracture fixation plates: A review.

Metal and its alloys have been predominantly used in fracture fixation for centuries, but new materials such as composites and polymers have begun to see clinical use for fracture fixation during the past couple of decades. Along with the emerging of new materials, tribological issues, especially debris, have become a growing concern for fracture fixation plates. This article for the first time systematically reviews the most recent biomechanical research, with a focus on experimental testing, of those plates within ScienceDirect and PubMed databases.

Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Neuroendocrine Transformation in -Rearranged Lung Adenocarcinoma After Treatments With Sequential ALK Inhibitors: A Brief Report.

Introduction: Neuroendocrine (NE) transformation has been reported in patients with -rearranged NSCLC after ALK inhibition, but unlike -mutant NSCLC, the exact mechanism of NE transformation in -rearranged NSCLC is poorly studied.

Methods: We collected the matched pre- and post-transformation samples from a patient with -rearranged lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and performed targeted panel sequencing, whole exome sequencing, and bulk RNA sequencing.

Results: Multiple mutations were shared between the pretransformation and post-transformation samples.

First Report of Causing Leaf Blight on Garlic in China.

In June 2021, leaf blight symptoms were detected on garlic plants (Allium sativum) in southeastern Jiangsu (Nantong municipality; 120.61° E, 33.25° N) in China.

Response to Icotinib Plus Chemotherapy in Pulmonary Atypical Carcinoid Harboring the L858R Mutation: A Brief Report.

Introduction: Pulmonary atypical carcinoid (PAC) is a rare subtype of pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasm. Although fusion has been detected in PAC, mutations have not been reported before.

Methods: We performed hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and next-generation sequencing on tissues at baseline and after surgery.

Maipomycin A, a Novel Natural Compound With Promising Anti-biofilm Activity Against Gram-Negative Pathogenic Bacteria.

Pathogenic bacterial biofilms play an important role in recurrent nosocomial and medical device-related infections. Once occurred, the complex structure of the biofilm promotes the development of antibiotic resistance and becomes extremely difficult to eradicate. Here we describe a novel and effective anti-biofilm compound maipomycin A (MaiA), which was isolated from the metabolites of a rare actinomycete strain XY-R10.

Integrated histological and molecular analyses of rebiopsy samples at osimertinib progression improve post-progression survivals: A single-center retrospective study.

Background: This single-center retrospective cohort study sought to investigate the impact of rebiopsy analysis after osimertinib progression in improving the survival outcomes.

Methods: Eighty-nine patients with EGFR T790M-positive advanced NSCLC who received second- or further-line osimertinib between January 2017 and July 2019 were included in this study. The co-primary study endpoints were post-progression progression-free survival (pPFS), defined as the time from osimertinib progression until progression from further-line treatment, and post-progression overall survival (pOS), defined as the time from osimertinib progression until death or the last follow-up date.

Analysis of Xinjiang asphaltenes using high precision spectroscopy.

Asphaltenes are known for causing flow assurance problems in numerous oil fields. In this study we present a comparative spectroscopic analysis of Xinjiang heavy oil asphaltenes as part of ongoing research for an environmentally friendly and cheap chemical inhibitor. The goal is to predict the internal morphology of these asphaltenes through comparative analysis using high precision spectroscopy.

KO-Bu-promoted selective ring-opening -alkylation of 2-oxazolines to access 2-aminoethyl acetates and -substituted thiazolidinones.

An efficient and simple KO-Bu-promoted selective ring-opening -alkylation of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline or 2-(methylthio)-4,5-dihydrothiazole with benzyl halides under basic conditions is described for the first time. The method provides a convenient and practical pathway for the synthesis of versatile 2-aminoethyl acetates and -substituted thiazolidinones with good functional group tolerance and selectivity. KO-Bu not only plays an important role to promote this ring-opening -alkylation, but also acts as an oxygen donor.

Ruthenium(II) Acetate Catalyzed Synthesis of Silylated Oxazoles via C-H Silylation and Dehalogenation.

An efficient ruthenium(II)-catalyzed intermolecular selective ortho C-H silylation of 2-aryloxazoles has been described for the first time, which provides a convenient and practical pathway for the synthesis of versatile organosilane compounds with good functional group tolerance and regioselectivity. This catalytic system could be also applied to the dehalogenation of Cl or Br group.