Adjuvant chemotherapy for isolated resectable colorectal lung metastasis: A retrospective study using inverse probability treatment weighting propensity analysis.

Background: The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for patients with no evidence of disease after pulmonary metastasis resection (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of ACT in patients after PM resection for CRC.

Methods: This study included 96 patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy for CRC at a single institution between April 2008 and July 2023.

Effect of perioperative chemotherapy on resection of isolated pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer: A single center experience.

Background: Numerous studies have assessed surgical resection as a standard treatment option for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and resectable pulmonary metastases (PM). However, the role of perioperative chemotherapy after complete resection of isolated PM from patients with CRC patients remains controversial. We hypothesize that perioperative chemotherapy does not provide significant survival benefits for patients undergoing resection of PM from CRC.

Highlighting immune features of the tumor ecosystem and prognostic value of Tfh and Th17 cell infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by single-cell RNA-seq.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) typically present with a complex anatomical distribution, often accompanied by insidious symptoms. This combination contributes to its high incidence and poor prognosis. It is now understood that the immune features of cellular components within the tumor ecosystem and their complex interactions are critical factors influencing both tumor progression and the effective immune response.

Chinese quality control indices for standardized diagnosis and treatment of renal cancer (2022 edition).

Renal cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary system, and the number of deaths continues to increase. The standardized management of the diagnosis and treatment of renal cancer is challenging due to the great differences in the diagnosis and treatment of renal cancer in different regions. The Renal Cancer Expert Committee of the National Cancer Quality Control Center (NCQCC) identified a lack of authoritative quality control standards as an opportunity to utilize its multidisciplinary membership to improve the standardized diagnosis and treatment of renal cancer.

Smell cancer by machine learning-assisted peptide/MXene bioelectronic array.

Non-invasive detection of tumors is of utmost importance to save lives. Nonetheless, identifying tumors through gas analysis is a challenging task. In this work, biosensors with remarkable gas-sensing characteristics were developed using a self-assembly method consisting of peptides and MXene.

Two novel species, sp. nov. and sp. nov., recovered from clinical samples carrying multiple virulence factors.

Two strains 170198 and 170250 were isolated from clinical blood samples from distinct patients in a hospital in Chengdu, China, in 2022. These isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. A phylogenomic tree based on 2,096 concatenated core genes showed that the two strains were clustered within the genus .

T-cell infiltration and its regulatory mechanisms in cancers: insights at single-cell resolution.

Tumor-infiltrating T cells recognize, attack, and clear tumor cells, playing a central role in antitumor immune response. However, certain immune cells can impair this response and help tumor immune escape. Therefore, exploring the factors that influence T-cell infiltration is crucial to understand tumor immunity and improve therapeutic effect of cancer immunotherapy.

Clinical characteristics of liver injury induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced biliary tract carcinoma.

Immune-related liver injuries are closely associated with the liver's fundamental state. Patients with advanced biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) have poor liver function. We evaluated the clinical data of immune-related liver injury in patients with advanced BTC and gastric cancer (GC) during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment between February 2019 and July 2022 at Peking University First Hospital.

Clinical features and prognostic factors of brain metastases from colorectal cancer: a single center experience.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, survival times, and therapy outcomes of brain metastases (BM) from colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: The clinical characteristics of 25 patients with BM from CRC were retrospectively analyzed. The time of the occurrence of BM after diagnosis of CRC was recorded.

Resistance to aztreonam-avibactam due to a mutation of SHV-12 in Enterobacter.

Aztreonam-avibactam is an important option against Enterobacterales producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). We obtained an aztreonam-avibactam-resistant mutant of an MBL-producing Enterobacter mori strain by induced mutagenesis. Genome sequencing revealed an Arg244Gly (Ambler position) substitution of SHV-12 β-lactamase in the mutant.

Enterobacter pseudoroggenkampii sp. nov. carrying quinolone-resistant gene qnrE recovered from clinical samples in China.

Two Enterobacter strains 155092 and 170,225 were isolated from clinical samples, pus and sputum, from two hospitalised patients separately, in China. Preliminary identification using Vitek II microbiology system assigned the strains to the Enterobacter cloacae complex. The two strains were subjected to genome sequencing and genome-based taxonomy analysis with type strains of all Enterobacter species and those within closely related genera Huaxiibacter, Leclercia, Lelliottia, and Pseudoenterobacter.

Characterization of a novel carbapenem-hydrolysing β-lactamase OXA-1041 in Escherichia coli.

Background: We found a carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli without known carbapenemase-encoding genes and performed a study to identify the possible new carbapenemase.

Methods: The production of carbapenemase was examined using the modified carbapenem inactivation method. The strain was subjected to short- and long-read genome sequencing and the complete genome was obtained by hybrid assembly.

A rare class A carbapenemase FRI-11 in Enterobacter clinical strain.

We found a carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter clinical strain which was susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftazidime. This unusual susceptibility profile promoted the investigation. This strain had bla, a rare carbapenemase-encoding gene, on a 93,864-bp plasmid containing two replicons of IncFII(pECLA) and IncFIA(HI1).

gen. nov., sp. nov., recovered from human sputum.

Strain 155047 was recovered from human sputum in China in 2021. Preliminary species identification based on limited phenotypic tests assigned the strain to the genus of the family . The genome sequence of the strain was obtained and had ≤84.

Value of Preoperative Hematological Parameters in the Prognosis of Gastric Cancer Patients Undergoing a Total Gastrectomy.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between the albumin/globulin ratio (AGR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and clinicopathological information for gastric cancer patients. In addition, the prognostic values of these hematological parameters for resectable gastric cancer patients undergoing a total gastrectomy were determined.

Methods: A total of 245 patients with gastric cancer who underwent a total gastrectomy at our hospital between January 1, 2005, and December 30, 2015, were enrolled into this study.

Real-world outcomes of regorafenib combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced or metastatic microsatellite stable colorectal cancer: A multicenter study.

Background: Treatment strategies are limited for patients with chemotherapy refractory microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with regorafenib in this population in routine clinical practice.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer who received at least one dose of ICIs combined with regorafenib in 14 Chinese medical centers.

Risk factors and characteristics of bacterial infection during first-line chemotherapy for metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-related bacterial infection is a common side effect in patients receiving chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors and characteristics of bacterial infection in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma patients treated with combined chemotherapy.

Methods: Patients with metastatic gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma were followed up from 2013 to 2016 at Peking University First Hospital in China.

Prognosis and Prophylactic Regional Nodal Irradiation in Breast Cancer Patients With the First Isolated Chest Wall Recurrence After Mastectomy.

Background And Purpose: Optimal radiation target volumes for breast cancer patients with their first isolated chest wall recurrence (ICWR) after mastectomy are controversial. We aimed to analyze the regional failure patterns and to investigate the role of prophylactic regional nodal irradiation (RNI) for ICWR.

Materials And Methods: Altogether 205 patients with ICWR after mastectomy were retrospectively analyzed.

High expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in colorectal cancer patients.

Little is known of the patterns of expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 or the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with COVID-19 and colorectal cancer. We found in both bulk and single-cell RNA-seq profiles that ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were expressed at high levels on tumor and normal colorectal epithelial tissues. Clinically, patients with colorectal cancer and COVID-19 were more likely to have lymphopenia, higher respiratory rate, and high hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels than matched patients with COVID-19 but without cancer.

Ototoxicity in patients with invasive ductal breast cancer who were treated with docetaxel: report of two cases.

Docetaxel is an important anti-microtubule agent used to treat a variety of solid tumors, including breast cancer; notably, docetaxel-containing regimens improve outcomes for patients in metastatic, adjuvant, and neoadjuvant settings. However, the effectiveness of docetaxel in clinical practice can be compromised by suboptimal management of side effects. Here, we report two cases of docetaxel-based chemotherapy regimens in patients who exhibited invasive ductal breast cancer and underwent two different clinical treatment approaches.

[Immune Characteristics of Small Cell Lung Cancer].

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a type of malignancy with poor prognosis, and no advance in medication has been made for about 30 years except immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), which demonstrated efficacy in recent years. The response rate of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor alone or its combination with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor as subsequent therapy was 10%-33% and the response duration was persistent. The combination of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitor with chemotherapy resulted in longer survival versus chemotherapy alone.