New Insights into Photo-Fenton Chemistry: The Overlooked Role of Excited Iron Species.

Direct photoreduction of Fe is a widely recognized route for accelerating Fe/Fe cycle in photo-Fenton chemistry. However, most of the wavelengths covering the full spectral range are insufficient to supply enough photon energy for the direct reduction process. Herein, the hitherto neglected mechanism of Fe reduction that the Fe indirect reduction pathway initiated by light energy-dependent reactivity variation and reactive excited state (ES) was explored.

Spatial distribution, source identification, and potential risks of 14 bisphenol analogues in soil under different land uses in the megacity of Chengdu, China.

This study explored the levels, distribution, potential sources, ecological risks and estrogenic activities of 14 bisphenol analogues (BPs) in soil under eight land-use types in the megacity of Chengdu, China. Eleven BPs were detected in the soil samples and the total concentrations ranged from 32.3 to 570 ng/g d.

Occurrence and exposure evaluation of bisphenol A and its analogues in indoor and outdoor dust from China.

Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues have been proved to be harmful to human reproduction, endocrine and nervous system. But information on the occurrence and human exposure to bisphenol compounds (BPs) in dust (especially outdoor dust) is limited. In this study, 14 BPs were determined in 174 indoor dust samples and 202 outdoor dust samples from Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

Photodegradation of anthelmintic drugs under natural sunlight and simulated irradiation: kinetics, mechanisms, transformation products, and toxicity.

Albendazole (ALB) and bithionol (BIT) are two anthelmintic drugs (ADs) with high consumption from benzimidazole group and diphenylsulfide group, respectively. However, information on the transformation of the two anthelmintics under environmental condition is scare. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the natural attenuation of the two ADs in the aquatic environment, including biodegradation, hydrolysis, and direct and indirect photodegradation.

Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine.

Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been shown to be carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and endocrine disruptive, so it is important to understand the levels of OPFRs in human body as well as the modes of external exposure. In this study, we investigated the levels of 13 OPFRs and 7 phosphodiester metabolites in paired human blood and urine, as well as the influencing factors (region, age and gender), and studied the relationship between OPFRs and oxidative stress by urinary metabolites. We found that the concentrations of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) and tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) in the blood of urban populations were higher than those of rural populations, and that younger populations suffered higher TPhP and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) exposures than older populations.

Distribution, fate and removal efficiency of anthelmintic drugs in wastewater treatment plants.

The distribution and fate of 19 anthelmintic drugs (ADs) were investigated in two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) using different wastewater treatment technologies, including anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (A/O) biological process and cyclic activated sludge system (CASS) process. All the 19 ADs were found in the two WWTPs, with concentrations ranging from N.D.

Occurrence, ecology risk assessment and exposure evaluation of 19 anthelmintics in dust and soil from China.

In order to fill the blank of domestic research on anthelmintics in dust and soil, 159 paired dust (including indoor and outdoor dust) and soil samples were collected nationwide. All 19 kinds of the anthelmintics were detected in the samples. The total concentration of the target substances in the outdoor dust, indoor dust and soil samples ranged from 1.

Hepatic steatosis with mass effect: A case report.

Background: Hepatic steatosis is a common radiologic finding. Some imaging inklings are the absence of a mass effect, and there is currently no report of hepatic steatosis with mass effect.

Case Summary: A 23-year-old female was admitted due to a liver mass for half a month.

Design, Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Pyrimidine-Containing 4H-Chromen-4-One Derivatives*.

A series of pyrimidine-containing 4H-chromen-4-one derivatives were designed and synthesized by combining bioactive substructures. Preliminary biological activity results showed that most of the compounds displayed significant inhibitory activities in vitro against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Citri (X.

Occurrence and risk assessment of anthelmintics in Tuojiang River in Sichuan, China.

Recently, emerging pollutants, such as anthelmintics have attracted an increasing attention worldwide due to their extensive use and notable stability. However, the information on anthelmintics in the environment of southwest China is scarce. Thus, the occurrence, ecological risk and exposure evaluation of nineteen anthelmintics in Tuojiang River, which is one of the largest tributaries of Yangtze River, and drinking water source of Sichuan, southwest China, were investigated.

Insights into the Electron-Transfer Mechanism of Permanganate Activation by Graphite for Enhanced Oxidation of Sulfamethoxazole.

Many reagents as electron sacrificers have been recently investigated to induce decomposition of permanganate (KMnO) to produce highly reactive intermediate Mn species toward oxidation of organic contaminants; however, this strategy meanwhile causes low KMnO utilization efficiency. This study surprisingly found that graphite can mediate direct electron transfer from organics (e.g.

Novel penta-1,4-diene-3-one derivatives containing quinazoline and oxime ether fragments: Design, synthesis and bioactivity.

A series of novel penta-1,4-diene-3-one derivatives containing quinazoline and oxime ether moieties were designed and synthesized. Their anticancer activities were evaluated by MTT assay, the results showed that most compounds exhibited extremely inhibitory effects against hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells. In particular, compounds Q2 and Q8 displayed the more potent inhibitory activity with IC values of 0.

Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of penta-1,4-diene-3-one oxime ether derivatives.

A series of penta-1,4-diene-3-one oxime ether derivatives were synthesized, and their antiviral and antifungal activities were evaluated. Bioactivity evaluations showed that most target compounds had significant antiviral effects against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Among them, ()-1-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-5-(furan-2-yl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one -(3-fluorobenzyl) oxime () was found to have good curative activity against TMV, with an inhibition rate of 64.

Distribution and leaching behavior of organophosphorus and brominated flame retardants in soil in Chengdu.

A total of 29 surface farmland soil samples were collected to investigate the spatial distribution and composition characteristics of 13 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), 11 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and 8 novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) in Chengdu, China. The OPFRs were widely detected in the farmland soil with concentrations ranging from 2.92 to 160 ng g dry weight (dw).

Antibacterial Activities of Novel Dithiocarbamate-Containing 4-Chromen-4-one Derivatives.

To aid the development of novel antibacterial agents that possess a innovative mechanism of action, we built a series of novel dithiocarbamate-containing 4-chromen-4-one derivatives. We evaluated the activities of the derivatives against three plant pathogens pv ( pv .), (), and pv ( pv .

Determination of 19 anthelmintics in environmental water and sediment using an optimized PLE and SPE method coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS.

A sensitive quantification method using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed for determination of 19 anthelmintic drugs (ADs) belonging to seven structural groups (Benzimidazoles, Diphenylsulfides, Imidazothiazoles, Hexahydropyrazines, Macrocylic lactones, Salicylanilides, Tetrahydropyrimidines) in environmental water and sediment samples. Eleven SPE cartridges, sample pH, elution solvents were tested to determine the optimal conditions for extraction. Among these investigated SPE types, the best recoveries for 19 target ADs were obtained from Oasis HLB cartridge with 37-102%, 45-103%, 37-88%, 28-82% and 31-90% for spiked river water, tap water, rainwater, wastewater, and sediment respectively (with RSD < 15%), except for closantel.

Design, synthesis and antibacterial activities against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Citri and Ralstonia solanacearum of novel myricetin derivatives containing sulfonamide moiety.

Background: Myricetin and sulfonamide derivatives exhibited a wide variety of biological activity. In order to develop highly bioactive molecules, novel myricetin derivatives containing sulfonamide moiety were synthesized and antibacterial activities were investigated.

Results: The results of bioassays indicated that compound A12, having an EC value of 4.

Biological activity evaluation and action mechanism of chalcone derivatives containing thiophene sulfonate.

A series of novel chalcone derivatives containing a thiophene sulfonate group were designed and synthesized. The structures of all title compounds were determined by H-NMR, C-NMR and HRMS. Antibacterial bioassays indicated that, compound 2l demonstrated excellent antibacterial activities against pv.

Synthesis and antibacterial and antiviral activities of myricetin derivatives containing a 1,2,4-triazole Schiff base.

A series of novel myricetin derivatives containing a 1,2,4-triazole Schiff base were designed and synthesized. Their structures were systematically characterized using H NMR, C NMR, and HRMS. During antibacterial bioassays, 6f, 6i, and 6q demonstrated a good inhibitory effect against pv.

Spatial Distribution of Organophosphorus and Brominated Flame Retardants in Surface Water, Sediment, Groundwater, and Wild Fish in Chengdu, China.

The occurrence and spatial distribution of 13 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), 11 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and eight novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) were investigated in Jinjiang river water, sediment, crucian carp, and groundwater in Chengdu, China. OPFRs were predominant and ubiquitous contaminants in the Jinjiang river water, sediment, groundwater, fish muscle, fish gills, and viscera with concentrations ranging from 19.1 to 533 ng L, 12.

Sorption and leaching behavior of bithionol and levamisole in soils.

The batch experiments were conducted to understand sorption process of bithionol (BIT) in yellow soil (YS) and red soil (RS), while column leaching experiments were performed to evaluate the leaching behavior of BIT and levamisole (LEV) in the tested soils. The adsorption and desorption data fitted well with the Freundlich isotherms (R ≥ 0.94).

Novel chalcone derivatives containing a 1,2,4-triazine moiety: design, synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral activities.

A series of novel chalcone derivatives containing the 1,2,4-triazine moiety were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by H NMR, C NMR and elemental analyses. Antiviral bioassays revealed that most of the compounds exhibited good antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) at a concentration of 500 μg mL. The designated compound 4l was 50% effective in terms of curative and protective activities against TMV with 50% effective concentrations (EC) of 10.

Grain size distribution and exposure evaluation of organophosphorus and brominated flame retardants in indoor and outdoor dust and PM10 from Chengdu, China.

To investigate overall pollution and potential risk of 32 targets (11 PBDEs, 8 NBFRs, and 13 OPFRs) in indoor and outdoor environments, dust and PM10 samples were sampled from non-occupational and occupational zones in Chengdu, China. ∑Cl-OPFRs, BDE-209, and DBDPE were the dominant constitutes in both the non-occupational and occupational dust. Regarding the PM10, no significant differences were found between the kitchen and the living room for studied OPFRs except TDCIPP, and TCEP, TCPP, TEHP, and TCP displayed significant correlation among the kitchen, the living room and personal samples.