Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of elinzanetant based on integrated clinical phase I and II data.

Elinzanetant is a potent and selective dual neurokin-1 (NK-1) and -3 (NK-3) receptor antagonist that is currently developed for the treatment of women with moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS) associated with menopause. Here, we report the development of a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model for elinzanetant and its principal metabolites based on an integrated dataset from 366 subjects (including 197 women with VMS) collected in 10 phase I or II studies. The pharmacokinetics of elinzanetant and its metabolites could be well described by the popPK model.

Performance of cementitious systems containing calcined clay in a chloride-rich environment: a review by TC-282 CCL.

In this review by TC- 282 CCL, a comprehensive examination of various facets of chloride ingress in calcined clay-based concrete in aggressive chloride-rich environments is presented due to its significance in making reinforced concrete structures susceptible to chloride-induced corrosion damages. The review presents a summary of available literature focusing on materials characteristics influencing the chloride resistance of calcined clay-based concrete, such as different clay purity, kaolinite content and other clay minerals, underscoring the significance of pore refinement, pore solution composition, and chloride binding mechanisms. Further, the studies dealing with the performance at the concrete scale, with a particular emphasis on transport properties, curing methods, and mix design, are highlighted.

Electric recycling of Portland cement at scale.

Cement production causes 7.5% of global anthropogenic CO emissions, arising from limestone decarbonation and fossil-fuel combustion. Current decarbonation strategies include substituting Portland clinker with supplementary materials, but these mainly arise in emitting processes, developing alternative binders but none yet promises scale, or adopting carbon capture and storage that still releases some emissions.

Framework and Overview of a State-Wide College Mental Health Program in Kerala, India.

Background: Mental health issues are common among college students, and structured services have been proven to enhance outcomes. Despite increased enrolment for higher education in India, college mental health services remain sparse. JEEVANI is the first structured state-wide college mental health service in India.

Effect of Water-Solid Mixing Sequence and Crystallization Water of Calcium Sulphate on the Hydration of CA.

Tricalcium aluminate (CaAlO: CA) is the most reactive clinker phase in Portland cement. In this study, the effect of the sequence of mixing of CA with gypsum and water on the hydration kinetics and phase assemblage is investigated. Three mixing sequences were employed: (i) Turbula mixing of CA first with gypsum and then with water (T-mix); (ii) Hand mixing of CA with gypsum before mixing with water (H-mix); (iii) Pre-mixing gypsum with water and then with CA (P-mix).

Hydration of Hybrid Cements at Low Temperatures: A Study on Portland Cement-Blast Furnace Slag-NaSO.

Replacement of Portland cement with high volumes of blast furnace slag is known to negatively affect the early-age properties of concrete, particularly at low temperatures. In this study, the effectiveness of NaSO on the mechanical properties, hydration kinetics and microstructure development of a commercial CEM III/B (~69% slag) is investigated at 10 and 20 °C. NaSO enhances compressive strength at both 10 and 20 °C, and at both early (1 and 7 days) and later ages (28 and 90 days).

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Pathophysiological Insights From Optical Coherence Tomography.

Objectives: This study used optical coherence tomography to investigate the mechanism of false lumen (FL) formation in spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) by studying: 1) differences between fenestrated and nonfenestrated SCAD; 2) vasa vasorum density; and 3) light attenuation characteristics of the FL.

Background: SCAD is an increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndromes, characterized by FL formation and compression of the true lumen (TL). The mechanisms underlying FL formation remain poorly understood.

Post-mortem imaging of the infant and perinatal dura mater and superior sagittal sinus using optical coherence tomography.

Infants and young children are likely to present with subdural haemorrhage (SDH) if they are the victims of abusive head trauma. In these cases, the most accepted theory for the source of bleeding is the bridging veins traversing from the surface of the brain to the dura mater. However, some have suggested that SDH may result from leakage of blood from a dural vascular plexus.

Automatic segmentation of coronary morphology using transmittance-based lumen intensity-enhanced intravascular optical coherence tomography images and applying a localized level-set-based active contour method.

Lumen segmentation from clinical intravascular optical coherence tomography (IV-OCT) images has clinical relevance as it provides a full three-dimensional perspective of diseased coronary artery sections. Inaccurate segmentation may occur when there are artifacts in the image, resulting from issues such as inadequate blood clearance. This study proposes a transmittance-based lumen intensity enhancement method that ensures only lumen regions are highlighted.

Optical clearing of the dura mater using glycerol: a reversible process to aid the post-mortem investigation of infant head injury.

Purpose: In cases of suspected abusive head trauma, a thorough and systematic study of the cranium and its contents is essential, preferably using the best available methods for observing the brain and its coverings. Building upon recent developments in skull bone removal techniques in infant autopsies, we have assessed the use of two optical clearing agents (OCAs), glycerol and mannitol, on pediatric dura mater in an attempt to increase the transparency of this tissue and thereby enhance the post-mortem assessment of infant head injuries, particularly subdural hematomas.

Methods: Extracorporeal testing revealed glycerol to be the more effective OCA.

Developing cross-correlation as a method for microvessel imaging using clinical intravascular optical coherence tomography systems.

Current clinical intravascular optical coherence tomography (IV-OCT) imaging systems have limited in-vivo flow imaging capability because of non-uniform catheter rotation and inadequate A-line scan density. Thus any flow-localisation method that seeks to identify sites of variation within the OCT image data-sets, whether that is in amplitude or phase, produces non-representative correlation (or variance) maps. In this study, both mean and the variation within a set of cross-correlation maps, for static OCT imaging was used to differentiate flow from nonflow regions.

Coronary optical coherence tomography: minimally invasive virtual histology as part of targeted post-mortem computed tomography angiography.

Social, cultural and practical barriers to conventional invasive autopsy have led to considerable interest in the development of minimally invasive radiological techniques as an alternative to the invasive autopsy for determining the cause of death. Critical to accurate diagnosis in this context is detailed examination of coronary anatomy and pathology. Current computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging approaches have significantly advanced minimally invasive autopsy practice but have limited spatial resolution.