Publications by authors named "Shiji Fang"

Treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may be improved with ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death. However, the sensitivity of HCC to ferroptosis was strongly limited by lactic acid. In this study, a platelet membrane (PM)-engineered nanoparticle loaded with erastin, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) and lactate oxidase (LOX) (termed PM@ESL NPs) was designed for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided enhanced ferroptosis-immunotherapy of HCC.

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Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an efficient treatment with unlimited potential for liver cancer that can effectively reduce patient mortality. Understanding the biological process related with RFA treatment is important for improving treatment strategy. This study aimed to identify the critical targets for regulating the efficacy of RFA.

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Normal life requires cell division to produce new cells, but cell death is necessary to maintain balance. Dysregulation of cell death can lead to the survival and proliferation of abnormal cells, promoting tumor development. Unlike apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, the newly recognized forms of regulated cell death (RCD) cuproptosis, ferroptosis, and PANoptosis provide novel therapeutic strategies for tumor treatment.

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Advances in nanotechnology offer promising strategies to overcome the limitations of single-drug therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other cancers such as multidrug resistance and variable drug tolerances. This study proposes a targeted nanoparticle system based on a poly(β-aminoester) (PβAE) core and a hyaluronic acid (HA) shell, designed for the codelivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and indocyanine green (ICG) to effectively treat HCC. These nanoparticles demonstrated remarkable physicochemical and colloidal stability, pH- and temperature-responsive release, enhanced cellular uptake, and drug retention within tumors.

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Article Synopsis
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer deaths globally, prompting research for effective treatment options to combat its quick progression.
  • This study highlights fangchinoline (FAN), an alkaloid from the plant Stephania tetrandra, which significantly reduces HCC cell migration and invasion by inhibiting inflammation-associated pathways and proteins.
  • Findings showed that FAN not only hindered tumor growth and metastasis in animal models but also suggested that targeting the FOXM1 protein could be a viable therapeutic strategy for treating HCC.
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  • Metabolic reprogramming is crucial for understanding the growth and recurrence of liver cancers like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), but there are still no effective clinical strategies for early screening.
  • A detailed metabolomics study using advanced chromatography techniques identified significant increases in certain lipid metabolites, especially in the glycerophospholipid pathway, in patients with HCC and CCA.
  • The research highlights the role of lipid metabolism in cancer progression and suggests it could be a therapeutic target, paving the way for better early diagnosis and personalized treatment options for these liver cancer patients.
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  • Unfavorable tumor characteristics lead to immunosuppression and resistance to therapies, prompting the need for innovative solutions.
  • Researchers developed multifunctional nanoparticles, DECaNPs, by encapsulating DOX and erianin in calcium carbonate to counteract tumor acidity and enhance immune response.
  • DECaNPs promote tumor growth inhibition and improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy by inducing oxidative stress, neutralizing the acidic environment, and supporting protective immune functions.
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  • The study investigates the role of Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), focusing on its effects on tumor growth, progression, and the immune response within the tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • Bioinformatic and mouse model experiments confirm MELK as a significant prognostic marker for HCC and suggest that it promotes tumor development by interacting with specific molecules and signaling pathways, particularly involving miR-505-3p and STAT3.
  • Inhibiting MELK not only reduces HCC growth but also enhances immune responses by promoting M1 macrophage polarization and CD8+ T-cell recruitment, showing potential for improved treatment outcomes when
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Chemotherapy plays a crucial role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment as it not only directly kills cancer cells but also induces immunogenic cell death. However, the chemotherapeutic efficacy was strongly restricted by the acidic and hypoxic tumor environment. Herein, we have successfully formulated PLGA-based nanoparticles concurrently loaded with doxorubicin (DOX), hemoglobin (Hb) and CaCO by a CaCO-assisted emulsion method, aiming at the effective treatment of TNBC.

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Immunotherapy is the most promising systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the outcome remains poor. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a role in altering cell-surface protein levels, potentially undermining the efficacy of immunotherapy against tumors.

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Hypoxia is known to play a critical role in tumor occurrence, progression, prognosis, and therapy resistance. However, few studies have investigated hypoxia markers for diagnosing and predicting prognosis in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). This study aims to identify a hypoxia genes-based biomarker for predicting COAD patients' prognosis and response to immunotherapy on an individual basis.

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The field of biomaterials has experienced substantial evolution in recent years, driven by advancements in materials science and engineering. This has led to an expansion of the biomaterials definition to include biocompatibility, bioactivity, bioderived materials, and biological tissues. Consequently, the intended performance of biomaterials has shifted from a passive role wherein a biomaterial is merely accepted by the body to an active role wherein a biomaterial instructs its biological environment.

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Skin wounds are characterized by injury to the skin due to trauma, tearing, cuts, or contusions. As such injuries are common to all human groups, they may at times represent a serious socioeconomic burden. Currently, increasing numbers of studies have focused on the role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in skin wound repair.

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Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is most common malignant tumor worldwide, and one of the most lethal malignancies. MEX3A, RNA-binding protein, is profoundly implicated in tumor initiation and progression. But its role and potential mechanism in HCC remains fully unclear.

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Heparin is a widely used anticoagulant agent in the clinic. After application, its anticoagulant effect must be reversed to prevent potential side effects. Protamine sulfate (PS) is the only clinically licensed antidote that has been used for this purpose in the last 80 years, which, however, provokes severe adverse effects, such as systemic hypotension and even death.

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Background: The treatment efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) varies widely between individuals. The aim of this study was to identify subtype landscapes and responser related to TACE, and further clarify the regulatory effect and corresponding mechanism of NDRG1 on HCC tumorgenesis and metastasis.

Methods: The principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was used to construct a TACE response scoring (TRscore) system.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of four different machine learning classifiers in predicting outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • Participants included 144 HCC patients treated with TACE, and their data was used to train and test various predictive models, with an additional independent group of 28 patients for validation.
  • The deep neural network (DNN) model outperformed the other classifiers, particularly when combined with clinical data, suggesting it could be a valuable tool for doctors in deciding on TACE treatment for HCC patients.*
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Gastric cancer is a serious malignant tumor in the world, accounting for the third cause of cancer death worldwide. The pathogenesis of gastric cancer is very complex, in which epigenetic inheritance plays an important role. In our study, we found that DZIP3 was significantly up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues as compared to adjacent normal tissue, which suggested it may be play a crucial part in gastric cancer.

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Liver cancer is a kind of malignant tumor with poor sensitivity to chemotherapy. It is urgent to investigate approaches to improve the outcome of chemotherapy. KDM5A has been reported to be an oncogene in various cancers and is associated with drug resistance.

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Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME), which promotes tumor growth, immunosuppression and angiogenesis. Because of the high plasticity of macrophages and the extremely complex tumor microenvironment, the mechanism of TAMs in cancer progression is still largely unknown. In this study, we found that xCT (SLC7A11) was overexpressed in lung cancer-associated macrophages.

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Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an essential role in tumor progression, metastasis, and antitumor immunity. Ferroptosis has attracted extensive attention for its lethal effect on tumor cells, but the role of ferroptosis in TAMs and its impact on tumor progression have not been clearly defined. Using transgenic mouse models, this study determines that xCT-specific knockout in macrophages is sufficient to limit tumorigenicity and metastasis in the mouse HCC models, achieved by reducing TAM recruitment and infiltration, inhibiting M2-type polarization, and activating and enhancing ferroptosis activity within TAMs.

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The recent interest in precision medicine among interventionists has led to the establishment of the concept of precision interventional radiology (PIR). This concept focuses not only on the accuracy of interventional operations using traditional image-guided techniques, but also on the comprehensive evaluation of diseases. The invisible features extracted from CT, MRI, or US improve the accuracy and specificity of diagnosis.

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