Pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: An overview of oxidative stress and plant-based therapeutic approaches.

Stroke is a debilitating neurological disorder that causes substantial morbidity and mortality on a global scale. Ischemic stroke, the most common type, occurs when the brain's blood supply is interrupted. Oxidative stress is a key factor in stroke pathology, contributing to inflammation and neuronal cell death.

Risk factors for renal impairment after liver transplantation in Mongolia: a retrospective single-center study.

Background: Renal impairment (RI) is a frequent complication of liver cirrhosis and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Liver transplantation (LT) serves as an effective treatment method for patients with cirrhosis who have impaired renal function. However, renal function often declines after LT, influenced by various factors.

Modifying Effect of Smoking on GSTM1 and NAT2 in Relation to the Risk of Bladder Cancer in Mongolian Population: A Case-Control Study.

Objectives: Tobacco smoking is the predominant risk factor for bladder cancer as it contains cancer-causing chemicals. However, genetic factors may play important role in response towards chemical carcinogens. In this study we aim to investigate genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) as determinants of bladder cancer risk, independently and in combination with tobacco use in the Mongolian population.

Association between MDM2-SNP309 and p53R72P polymorphisms and the risk of bladder cancer in the Mongolian population.

The current study aims to investigate whether MDM2-SNP309 and p53R72P polymorphisms were associated with the risk of bladder cancer in Mongolian populations. These polymorphisms were evaluated in 79 controls and 63 bladder cancer cases using a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay, followed by analysis using multivariate logistic regression model and the Kaplan-Meier model to determine the odds ratio (OR) and age at onset of bladder cancer, respectively. The results revealed that the homozygous (G/G) genotype of MDM2-SNP309 increased the risk of bladder cancer compared to the wild-type (T/T) genotype [OR=1.

Combining fisetin and ionizing radiation suppresses the growth of mammalian colorectal cancers in xenograft tumor models.

Fisetin (3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone), which belongs to the flavonoid group of polyphenols and is found in a wide range of plants, has been reported to exhibit a number of biological activities in human cancer cells, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, anti-invasive and antiproliferative effects. Although previous studies have shown that fisetin treatment increases the apoptotic rate and enhances the radiosensitivity of human colorectal cancer cells, the effects of fisetin on tumor growth remain unclear. In the present study a murine xenograft tumor model was employed to investigate the therapeutic effects of fisetin in combination with radiation on CT-26 colon cancer cells and human HCT116 colorectal cancer cells.

Up-regulation of plakophilin-2 and Down-regulation of plakophilin-3 are correlated with invasiveness in bladder cancer.

Objective: To examine plakophilin proteins (Pkp) and 3 expression levels in bladder cancer, in particular their levels during cellular growth and invasion. Pkp is associated with the binding of cadherin to intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton.

Methods: The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of Pkp2 and 3 in bladder cancer cell lines were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses.

Long-term recurrence-free survivor after laparoscopic removal of solitary adrenal metastasis from endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Solitary adrenal metastasis from endometrial adenocarcinoma is extremely rare. We report herein the case of a laparoscopically resected solitary adrenal metastasis originating from endometrial adenocarcinoma. The patient was a 55-year-old woman who had undergone total abdominal hysterectomy for stage IIIc endometrial carcinoma, followed by 7 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy comprising carboplatin and paclitaxel.

Clinical significance of Galectin-3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Overexpression of galectin-3 in a variety of cancer cell lines has been shown to correlate with tumor progression and metastasis. In this study, we investigated the expression of galectin-3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CC-RCC) and evaluated the relationship between galectin-3 expression levels and the clinicopathological features of CC-RCC. Expression of galectin-3 in the kidney cancer cell lines Caki-1, Caki-2, A704, ACHN and KPK-1 were evaluated using western blot analysis, while galectin-3 expression in CC-RCC tissues and normal parenchyma were measured by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry.

The role of actinin-4 in bladder cancer invasion.

Objectives: To examine actinin-4 expression levels in bladder cancer, in particular its levels during cellular growth and invasion. Actinin-4 is an actin-binding protein that is associated with cell motility and cancer metastasis.

Methods: Relative messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression of actinin-4 in normal bladder and bladder cancer cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis.

Prognostic significance of serum hepatocyte growth factor in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: comparison with serum vascular endothelial growth factor.

No adequate serum predictive biomarker currently exists, which can identify the activity of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We investigate the association of serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels with clinicopathologic parameters in untreated clear cell RCC patients. We measured serum levels of HGF and VEGF in 45 patients with untreated clear cell RCC and 45 healthy controls using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).