Deciphering the pseudouridine nucleobase modification in human diseases: From molecular mechanisms to clinical perspectives.

RNA pseudouridylation, a dynamic and reversible post-transcriptional modification found in diverse RNA species, is crucial for various biological processes, including tRNA homeostasis, tRNA transport, translation initiation regulation, pre-mRNA splicing, enhancement of mRNA translation, and translational fidelity. Disruption of pseudouridylation impairs cellular homeostasis, contributing to pathological alterations. Recent studies have highlighted its regulatory role in human diseases, particularly in tumourigenesis.

Gastric Cancer Models Developed via GelMA 3D Bioprinting Accurately Mimic Cancer Hallmarks, Tumor Microenvironment Features, and Drug Responses.

Current in vitro models for gastric cancer research, such as 2D cell cultures and organoid systems, often fail to replicate the complex extracellular matrix (ECM) found in vivo. For the first time, this study utilizes a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, a biomimetic ECM-like material, in 3D bioprinting to construct a physiologically relevant gastric cancer model. GelMA's tunable mechanical properties allow for the precise manipulation of cellular behavior within physiological ranges.

Distinctive tumorigenic significance and innovative oncology targets of SUMOylation.

Protein SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, intricately regulates diverse biological processes including gene expression, cell cycle progression, signaling pathway transduction, DNA damage response, and RNA metabolism. This modification contributes to the acquisition of tumorigenicity and the maintenance of cancer hallmarks. In malignancies, protein SUMOylation is triggered by various cellular stresses, promoting tumor initiation and progression.

Concentration quenching inhibition and fluorescence enhancement in Eu-doped molybdate red phosphors with two-phase mixing.

Red phosphor plays a crucial role in improving the quality of white light illumination and backlight displays. However, significant challenges remain to enhance red emission intensity in different matrix materials. Herein, a class of two-phase mixing red phosphors of NaIn(MoO):Eu (NIMO:Eu) has been successfully prepared by the traditional high-temperature solid-state reaction method.

Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic implications of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins, the emerging crucial mA regulators of tumors.

Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BPs) serve essential biological functions as post-transcriptional performers, participating in the acquisition or maintenance of tumor hallmarks due to their distinct protein structures. Emerging evidence indicates that IGF2BPs belong to the class III type of RNA N-methyladenosine (mA) modification readers, controlling RNA stability, storage, localization, metabolism, and translation in multiple vital bioprocesses, particularly tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Here, we discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms and pathological functions of IGF2BPs which act as mA readers in the context of tumor pathogenesis and multidrug resistance.

MAGE-A11 Expression Predicts Patient Prognosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Growing evidence showed that Melanoma-associated antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) was abnormally expressed in various malignancies, but MAGE-A11 expression and its biological roles in HNSCC had not been reported in detail. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between MAGE-A11 signatures and clinicopathological features of HNSCC patients and uncover its potential mechanisms in HNSCC patients.

Fisetin Modulates Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation by Blocking PAK4 Signaling Pathways.

Objective: Human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. There is an urgent need to identify bioactive molecules and potential target genes that could inhibit carcinogenesis for OSCC therapy. Fisetin (3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone), a naturally occurring flavonoid, has been previously shown to have anti-proliferative activities in OSCC; however, its molecular mechanism is unknown.