Mendelian Randomization Highlights Gut Microbiota of Short-chain Fatty Acids' Producer as Protective Factor of Cerebrovascular Disease.

Background: Recent research advancements have indicated a potential association between gut microbiota and cerebrovascular diseases, although the precise causative pathways and the directionality of this association remain to be fully elucidated.

Objective: This study utilized a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) methodology to explore the causal impact of gut microbiota compositions on the risk of cerebrovascular disease.

Methods: Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) data pertaining to gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium.

Nomogram model for predicting the risk of post-stroke depression based on clinical characteristics and DNA methylation.

Objective: To construct a comprehensive nomogram model for predicting the risk of post-stroke depression (PSD) by using clinical data that are easily collected in the early stages, and the level of DNA methylation, so as to help doctors and patients prevent the occurrence of PSD as soon as possible.

Methods: We continuously recruited 226 patients with a history of acute ischemic stroke and followed up for three months. Socio-demographic indicators, vascular-risk factors, and clinical data were collected at admission, and the outcome of depression was evaluated at the third month after stroke.

Associations of vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms with post-stroke depression among ischemic stroke population.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to vitamin D (VitD) metabolism and post-stroke depression (PSD) in patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: A total of 210 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled at the Department of Neurology in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, from July 2019 to August 2021. SNPs in the VitD metabolic pathway (, , , and ) were genotyped using the SNPscan multiplex SNP typing kit.

The role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 in early-onset post-stroke depression.

Background: The immune-inflammatory response has been widely considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression (PSD), but there is ambiguity about the mechanism underlying such association.

Methods: According to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edition), depressive symptoms were assessed at 2 weeks after stroke onset. 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO, including IDO1 and IDO2) and its inducers (including pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon [IFN]-γ, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-2 and IL-6) were genotyped using SNPscan™ technology, and serum IDO1 levels were detected by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay.

Establishment and verification of a nomogram model for predicting the risk of post-stroke depression.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish a nomogram predictive model of clinical risk factors for post-stroke depression (PSD).

Patients And Methods: We used the data of 202 stroke patients collected from Xuanwu Hospital from October 2018 to September 2020 as training data to develop a predictive model. Nineteen clinical factors were selected to evaluate their risk.

Tetra-color superresolution microscopy based on excitation spectral demixing.

Multicolor imaging allows protein colocalizations and organelle interactions to be studied in biological research, which is especially important for single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). Here, we propose a multicolor method called excitation-resolved stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (ExR-STORM). The method, which is based on the excitation spectrum of fluorescent dyes, successfully separated four spectrally very close far-red organic fluorophores utilizing three excitation lasers with cross-talk of less than 3%.

Association of homocysteine and polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase with early-onset post stroke depression.

Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) has been indicated to be involved in pathophysiology of post stroke depression (PSD). There is a lack of research to study the relationship between Hcy metabolism genes and PSD. Our study aims to investigate the relationship among Hcy metabolism genes, Hcy, and early-onset PSD.

The potential risk factors of early-onset post-stroke depression from immuno-inflammatory perspective.

Background: Mounting evidence strongly uncovered that peripheral immuno-inflammatory response induced by acute stroke is associated with the appearance of post-stroke depression (PSD), but the mechanism remains unclear.

Methods: 103 stroke patients were assessed at 2 weeks after onset using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition and then divided into PSD and non-PSD groups. Polymorphisms of inflammatory molecules (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interferon-γ [IFN-γ] and C-reactive protein [CRP]), complete blood count parameters, splenic attenuation (SA) and splenic volume (SV) on unenhanced chest computed tomography, demographic and other clinical characteristics were obtained.