Obesity and the development of Parkinson's disease within the Framingham Heart study cohort.

Objective: To determine the role of obesity in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Background: Obesity has been reported to be both a risk factor for PD, as well as potentially protective. The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) is a multigenerational longitudinal cohort study that was started in 1948, which is well-known for its cardiovascular health studies.

Interfacial Electronic Charge Trapping and Photonic Carrier Excitation Coupling in Solution-Processed Zinc-Tin Oxide Thin-Film Transistors Applied for Logic Gate Design and Quantized Neural Network.

Components needed in Artificial Intelligence with a higher information capacity are critically needed and have garnered significant attention at the forefront of information technology. This study utilizes solution-processed zinc-tin oxide (ZTO) thin-film phototransistors and modulates the values of , which allows for the regulation of electron trapping/detrapping at the ZTO/SiO interface. By coupling the excited photonic carrier and electronic trapping, logic gates such as "AND," "OR," "NAND," and "NOR" can be achieved.

Light-to-Spike Encoding Using Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide Phototransistor for all-Color Image Recognition with Dynamic Range and Precision Tunability.

To enhance the efficiency of machine vision system, physical hardware capable of sensing and encoding is essential. However, sensing and encoding color information has been overlooked. Therefore, this work utilizes an indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) phototransistor to detect varying densities of red, green, and blue (RGB) light, converting them into corresponding drain current (I) states.

Exploring the Perspectives of Older Adults on a Digital Brain Health Platform Using Natural Language Processing: Cohort Study.

Background: Although digital technology represents a growing field aiming to revolutionize early Alzheimer disease risk prediction and monitoring, the perspectives of older adults on an integrated digital brain health platform have not been investigated.

Objective: This study aims to understand the perspectives of older adults on a digital brain health platform by conducting semistructured interviews and analyzing their transcriptions by natural language processing.

Methods: The study included 28 participants from the Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, all of whom engaged with a digital brain health platform over an initial assessment period of 14 days.

Combined Treatment of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester With Docetaxel Inhibits Survival of Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Cells Suppression of c-MYC.

Background/aim: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises approximately 85% of lung cancer. Treatment with docetaxel prolongs the survival of patients with NSCLC. However, the development of resistance to docetaxel has compromised its efficacy.

Features and allele frequency of JAK2 Exon 12-mutated polycythemia vera in comparison with JAK2V617F-mutated disease.

Background And Aim: JAK2 exon 12 mutation status and the clinical characteristics of patients with polycythemia vera (PV) in Asia remain to be defined.

Method: We analyzed the clinical, molecular, and genetic features and outcomes of patients with PV harboring exon 12 mutation and compared them with the JAK2V617F-mutated patients in Taiwan. JAK2V617F with allele burden was measured by pyrosequencing and/or RT/qPCR.

Assessment of Wearable Device Adherence for Monitoring Physical Activity in Older Adults: Pilot Cohort Study.

Background: Physical activity has emerged as a modifiable behavioral factor to improve cognitive function. However, research on adherence to remote monitoring of physical activity in older adults is limited.

Objective: This study aimed to assess adherence to remote monitoring of physical activity in older adults within a pilot cohort from objective user data, providing insights for the scalability of such monitoring approaches in larger, more comprehensive future studies.

Next-Generation Integrated Sequencing Identifies Poor Prognostic Factors in Patients with MYD88-Mutated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Taiwan.

Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia in the Western countries and is very rare in Asia.

Methods: Peripheral blood or bone marrow mononuclear cells obtained at initial diagnosis from 215 patients with CLL were analyzed by using next-generation sequencing to investigate the ethnic differences in genetic abnormalities.

Results: Whole-genome sequencing and whole-exome sequencing analyses on 30 cases showed that 9 genes, including IGLL5, MYD88, TCHH, DSCAM, AXDND1, BICRA, KMT2D, MYT1L, and RBM43, were more frequently mutated in our Taiwanese cohort compared with those of the Western cohorts.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and longitudinal cognitive performance in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: Previous studies have suggested a link between peripheral inflammation and cognitive outcomes in the general population and individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). We sought to test the association between peripheral inflammation, measured by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), cognitive performance, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) status in individuals with PD.

Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal analysis was carried out using data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI), including 422 participants with PD followed over 5 years.

Association of Genotypes With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Risk.

Background/aim: The up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression is a characteristic feature observed across various malignancies, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Nevertheless, the influence of MMP-9 genotype in the context of NPC remains underexplored. This study examined the implications of MMP-9 promoter rs3918242 genotypes on the susceptibility to NPC in Taiwan.

Vascular Calcification Heterogeneity from Bench to Bedside: Implications for Manifestations, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Considerations.

Vascular calcification (VC) is the ectopic deposition of calcium-containing apatite within vascular walls, exhibiting a high prevalence in older adults, and those with diabetes or chronic kidney disease. VC is a subclinical cardiovascular risk trait that increases mortality and functional deterioration. However, effective treatments for VC remain largely unavailable despite multiple attempts.

Identification of CD5/SOX11 double-negative pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma.

Cyclin D1 protein-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has an immunophenotype of CD5(-) cyclin D1(+) SOX11(-), and most cases lack a CCND1 rearrangement and have a gene expression profile of DLBCL. Rarely, cyclin D1 protein-positive DLBCL harbors a CCND1 rearrangement, and some genetic copy number features typical of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have been detected. Since gene expression studies have not been performed, whether such CCND1-rearranged cases represent cyclin D1 protein-positive DLBCL or CD5/SOX11 double-negative pleomorphic MCL remains unclear.

Evaluation of next-generation sequencing for measurable residual disease monitoring in three major fusion transcript subtypes of B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for monitoring measurable residual disease (MRD) in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) has been gaining traction. This study aimed to investigate the utility of NGS in MRD monitoring for the three major fusion transcript (FT) subtypes of B-precursor ALL (B-ALL). The MRD results for 104 bone marrow samples from 56 patients were analysed through NGS and real time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) for the three major FTs: BCR::ABL1, TCF3::PBX1, and ETV6::RUNX1.

The association between comprehensive patient-centered care and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for patients with chronic viral hepatitis-A pathway analysis.

Background: Patient-centered care (PCC) is a crucial objective for enhancing healthcare in the 21st century. PCC has demonstrated effectiveness in caring for patients with chronic conditions. However, the process from PCC to patient outcomes has not been thoroughly studied, particularly for patients with chronic hepatitis.

Associations Among Tremor Amplitude, Activities of Daily Living, and Quality of Life in Patients with Essential Tremor.

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is a disabling syndrome consisting of tremor, primarily in the upper limbs. We assessed the correlation of The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS) Performance Item 4 ratings of upper limb tremor with the TETRAS activities of daily living (ADL) subscale and with 2 quality of life (QoL) scales.

Methods: This noninterventional, cross-sectional, point-in-time survey of neurologists(n = 60), primary care physicians (n = 38), and their patients with ET (n = 1,003) used real-world data collected through the Adelphi ET Disease Specific Programme™.

Clinical Outcomes of Severe Rhinosinusitis Complicated with Cavernous Sinus Syndrome.

Various diseases involving the cavernous sinus can cause a condition called cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS), which is characterized by ophthalmoplegia or sensory deficits over the face resulting from the compression effect of internal structure. While tumor compression is the most reported cause of CSS, statistical data on CSS caused by infections are limited. Its risk factors, treatment methods, and clinical outcomes are not well-documented.

Treatment outcome and germline predictive factors of ropeginterferon alpha-2b in myeloproliferative neoplasm patients.

Background: Studies have shown that some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could serve as excellent markers in foretelling the treatment outcome of interferon (IFN) in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). However, most work originated from western countries, and data from different ethnic populations have been lacking.

Methods: To gain insights, targeted sequencing was performed to detect myeloid-associated mutations and SNPs in eight loci across three genes (IFNL4, IFN-γ, and inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase [ITPA]) to explore their predictive roles in our cohort of 21 ropeginterferon alpha-2b (ROPEG)-treated MPN patients, among whom real-time quantitative PCR was also performed periodically to monitor the JAK2V617F allele burden in 19 JAK2V617F-mutated cases.