[A Case of Perforative Peritonitis Due to Intestinal Metastasis from Lung Cancer].

We here describe a case of an acute peritonitis due to perforation of a small intestine tumor metastasized from a lung cancer. A 66-year-old man who had undergone a bladder cancer procedure 2 years ago and was hospitalized for the second operation, complained sudden abdominal pain. An enhanced abdominal CTrevealed a small amount of free gas and ascites in the abdominal cavity.

[Conversion Therapy of Initially Unresectable Rectal Cancer with Perforation via FOLFOX4 Chemotherapy].

We describe a case of perforated rectal cancer that became curatively resectable after FOLFOX4 chemotherapy. An 81- year-old woman was transferred to our hospital with a diagnosis of bowel perforation. She underwent emergency transverse colostomy, peritoneal lavage, and the insertion of indwelling drainage tubes, because the perforated rectal cancer was considered unresectable.

[Repeated Insertion of Self-Expandable Metallic Stents as a Palliative Therapy for Unresectable Colorectal Cancer].

A 62-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for malignant rectal stricture due to metastatic rectal cancer. He underwent placement of a self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS). After the administration of 5 courses of FOLFOX4 with bevacizumab, chemotherapy-induced tumor shrinkage led to migration of the SEMS, which was removed immediately without complication.

[Four cases of operations for malignant disease in elderly patients].

The management of elderly patients with malignant disease is determined by their condition, complications, and living environment. Sometimes it is difficult to judge surgical indications for elderly patients. We report 4 cases of patients, 80 years or older, who underwent an operation for malignancy.

[Three cases of endoscopic gastroduodenal stenting for gastric outlet obstruction caused by unresectable gastric cancer].

Gastroduodenal stenting for gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) caused by malignant disease has been covered by health insurance in Japan since April 2010. We have inserted WallFlex™ duodenal stents (WDS) in 3 patients with GOO caused by unresectable advanced gastric cancer. WDS placement was successful with no complications in all cases.

[Long-term control of stage IV breast and gastric cancer with combination therapy of S-1 and paclitaxel].

We here describe a case of Stage IV breast and gastric cancer in which S-1/paclitaxel therapy was effective in maintaining the patient's QOL. A 50-year-old woman visited our hospital with complaints of her right breast tumor and right brachialgia. She was diagnosed with breast cancer with multiple bone metastases including cervical vertebrae.

Advanced moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the rectum with favorable prognosis by postoperative chemoradiation.

Rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma is rare with poor prognosis. We report herein a case of advanced moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the rectum with relatively favorable prognosis treated by postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. A 58-year-old Japanese female was referred and colonofiberscopy revealed an easy-bleeding irregular tumor in the lower rectum, which was pathologically diagnosed as a neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Possible involvement of persistent activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway in the cisplatin resistance of AFP-producing gastric cancer cells.

AFP-producing gastric carcinoma (AFPGC) is a highly malignant variant of gastric cancer. An effective chemotherapy is needed to improve on the poor outcome of this disease. Survival signals activated by intracellular kinase networks could be involved in chemoresistance in malignant tumors.

Rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin, suppresses lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis.

Tumor lymphangiogenesis is now known to play a causal role in lymph node metastasis, and thus its inhibition would have great significance for the prevention of lymph node metastasis in cancer therapy. VEGF-C has recently been identified as a key molecule that involved in tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. However, the expressional regulation of VEGF-C is not fully understood.