Risk Factor for Rash in Patients Receiving Cytarabine and Idarubicin Induction Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background/aim: Rash is a common adverse event (AE) observed during cytarabine and idarubicin induction therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Previous studies have highlighted the challenge in predicting the onset and duration of rash. This study aimed to determine the factors that affect the onset of rash in patients receiving induction therapy for AML.

Improvement of Medication Guidance Sheet for Total Body Irradiation/Cyclophosphamide Followed by Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Based on Real Monitoring Data.

Background/aim: Adverse events (AEs) must be managed during cancer therapy. We had previously developed a medication guidance sheet (MGS) to monitor AEs after conditioning therapy with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, it remains unclear whether this sheet can accurately predict the type, onset, and duration of AEs in clinical practice.

Development of Real-world Data-based Medication Instruction Sheet for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Receiving High-dose Cytarabine Consolidation Therapy.

Background/aim: For quick and accurate monitoring of potential adverse events (AEs) during concurrent chemotherapy, we had previously developed innovative medication instruction sheets (MIS) for a variety of chemotherapy regimens. However, it is still unclear whether these sheets correctly predict the type and time course of the onset and recovery of AEs. Therefore, we monitored AEs in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving high-dose cytarabine (HD-AraC) using the original MIS.

Usefulness of a Medication Instruction Sheet for Patients Receiving Cytarabine and Idarubicin Induction Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background/aim: To monitor adverse events rapidly and accurately during combination chemotherapy, we established an innovative medication instruction sheet (MIS) including cytarabine and idarubicin induction therapy. However, it is unclear whether this MIS allows for the accurate prediction of adverse events and their onset timing in a clinically significant manner. We therefore evaluated the clinical usefulness of our MIS for monitoring adverse events.

Analysis of the thinking process of pharmacists in response to changes in the dispensing environment using the eye-tracking method.

Background: Pharmacists must understand the mechanisms by which dispensing errors occur and take appropriate preventive measures. In this study, the gaze movements of pharmacists were analyzed using an eye-tracking method, to elucidate the thinking process of pharmacists when identifying target drugs and avoiding dispensing errors.

Methods: We prepared verification slides and projected them on a large screen.

Evaluation of Medication Instruction Sheets for Patients Undergoing R-CHOP Therapy in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Background/aim: High-dose chemotherapy is frequently administered to patients with hematologic malignancies, thereby causing severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) at a relatively high frequency. To precisely monitor ADRs, we developed a medication instruction sheet (MIS) for patients who received rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) combination therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Herein, we evaluated the usefulness of the MIS for managing ADRs in patients who received R-CHOP therapy.

Usefulness of Medication Guidance Sheets for Patients With Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Receiving ESHAP±R Therapy.

Background/aim: The occurrence of chemotherapy-related serious adverse events (AEs) is associated with a poor prognosis of hematopoietic malignancies. We have developed a medication guidance sheet (MGS) for monitoring AEs occurring when combining chemotherapy with etoposide, methylprednisolone, cisplatin, cytarabine, and rituximab (ESHAP±R). In this study, the usefulness of MGS was investigated in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients.

[Utility of the Filter Extraction Method for Detecting Anticancer Drug Contamination in Air].

The filter extraction method is a new, simple method for evaluating anticancer drug contamination in air. The method involves installing a filter in the exhaust port of an exhaust duct on a facility's air conditioner, then collecting and measuring fine particles of the antineoplastic agents adsorbed onto the filter. In this study, we analyzed the utility of maintaining continuous filter extraction for measuring cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil contamination.

Risk Factors for Gemcitabine-Induced Vascular Pain in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: Peripheral intravenous injection of gemcitabine often causes vascular pain; however, preventive measures have not yet been established.

Objectives: This study focused on identifying predictive factors for gemcitabine-induced vascular pain.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed risk factors for developing vascular pain in patients with pancreatic cancer receiving gemcitabine infusions at our institution.

Effects of Diluent Volume and Administration Time on the Incidence of Anaphylaxis Following Docetaxel Therapy in Breast Cancer.

Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, are common side effects associated with docetaxel treatment in breast cancer patients. However, preventive measures have not yet been established. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the risk factors for developing anaphylaxis in 182 female breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel.

Increasing Diluent Volume Decreases Bendamustine-Induced Venous Irritation without Reducing the Therapeutic Efficacy.

The intravenous injection of bendamustine often induces venous irritation, which reduces patients' QOL. We previously reported that the dilution of the final volume of bendamustine from 250 to 500 mL significantly decreased the incidence of venous irritation. However, the influence of this change on the therapeutic efficacy of bendamustine remains unclear.

Repeated dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity of perfluoroundecanoic acid in rats.

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are environmental contaminants that have received attention because of their possible effects on wildlife and human health. In order to obtain initial risk information on the toxicity of perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA), we conducted a combined repeated dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test (OECD test guideline 422). PFUA was administered by gavage to rats at 0 (vehicle: corn oil), 0.

Genotoxicity and subchronic oral toxicity of L-ornithine monohydrochloride.

L-Ornithine monohydrochloride was evaluated in two in vitro genotoxicity assays and a rat 90-day oral toxicity study. No evidence of genotoxicity was observed in the reverse bacterial mutation assay or the chromosome aberration test at doses of up to 5000 μg/plate or 1686 μg/mL, respectively, both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. Rats were administered L-ornithine monohydrochloride at dietary concentrations of 0 (basal diet), 1.

Effect of glutamate receptor antagonists microinjected into the nucleus accumbens on place aversion induced by naloxone in single-dose, morphine-treated rats.

It is well established that acute morphine withdrawal can be observed following opioid receptor antagonism in rodents. Glutamate receptor antagonists can attenuate the conditioning place aversion (CPA) induced by naloxone in single-dose, morphine-treated rats. Anatomically, the nucleus accumbens appears to be involved in opiate dependence.

α7 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central amygdaloid nucleus alter naloxone-induced withdrawal following a single exposure to morphine.

Rationale: Negative motivational withdrawal from acute opiate dependence was induced by an opioid antagonist, and the withdrawal signs prevented by pretreatment with nicotine.

Objectives: The present study was undertaken to examine the mechanism of nicotine-induced attenuation of withdrawal precipitated by naloxone in rats administered a single dose of morphine.

Methods: Conditioned place aversion (CPA) was precipitated by naloxone in rats exposed once to morphine.

[Involvement of the amygdala on place aversion induced by naloxone in single-dose morphine-treated rats].

Signs characteristic of opiate withdrawal symptoms can be precipitated by an opiate antagonist after short-term infusion or even a single dose of an opiate both in humans and in animals. This phenomenon has been referred to as acute dependence. In contrast to extensive studies on chronic dependence, less is known about the neural mechanisms mediating acute dependence.

Toxicity studies of tetradecanoic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1-methylester, sodium salt (C14-MES).

We evaluated the toxicity of tetradecanoic acid methyl ester sodium salt (C14-MES), a major component of fabric detergents, following the test guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The rat acute oral LD(50) was 1,000 mg/kg in males and 500 mg/kg in females. Applying the combined repeated dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test (ReproTox), we exposed groups of Crj:CD (SD) IGS rats to C14-MES in the diet at concentrations of 0, 0.