Prognostic significance of OX40 lymphocytes in tumor stroma of surgically resected small-cell lung cancer.

OX40 (CD134) is a co-stimulatory molecule mostly expressed on activated T lymphocytes. Previous reports have shown that OX40 can be an immuno-oncology target and a clinical biomarker for cancers of various organs. In this study, we collected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 124 patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) who had undergone surgery.

Delta-like 1 homolog (DLK1) as a possible therapeutic target and its application to radioimmunotherapy using I-labelled anti-DLK1 antibody in lung cancer models (HOT1801 and FIGHT004).

Objectives: Delta-like 1 homolog (DLK1) is a non-canonical Notch ligand known to be expressed in several cancers but whose role in lung cancer is not yet fully understood. We sought to confirm DLK1 expression in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to examine DLK1's clinical significance. Furthermore, we examined the possible utility of DLK1 as a novel target in radioimmunotherapy (RIT).

Detection of somatic mutation in surgically resected small-cell lung cancer by targeted exome sequencing: association with longer relapse-free survival.

Objectives: Few reports have explored clinical biomarkers, including those identified by targeted exome sequencing (TES) of surgically resected small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and correlation with patient survival.

Patients And Methods: We collected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 127 patients with SCLC who had undergone surgery and analysed nonsynonymous somatic gene mutation profiles by TES of 26 cancer-related genes using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and web databases (UMIN Registration No. 000010117).

Analysis of DLL3 and ASCL1 in Surgically Resected Small Cell Lung Cancer (HOT1702).

Background: Delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) is a Notch ligand that has an important role in the tumorigenesis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Recently, rovalpituzumab tesirine (Rova-T), a DLL3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate, has been developed for treating SCLC. DLL3 is a transcriptional target of the achaete-scute homolog-1 (ASCL1) transcription factor, which is involved in pulmonary neuroendocrine cell development.

Thoracoscopic Bronchial Artery Resection for Multiple Bronchial Artery Aneurysms.

We describe a 36-year-old asymptomatic female with multiple bronchial artery aneurysms (BAAs) and a bronchial artery (BA) to pulmonary artery (PA) fistula. She was treated with thoracoscopic BA resection without lobectomy in lieu of catheter embolization as first-line treatment. The configuration of the BA and the location of the BAAs were clearly visualized using three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT); therefore, the segment of the BA to resect was assessed preoperatively and complete resection of all BAAs was performed.

Polypoid pulmonary arteriovenous malformation causing hemothorax treated with thoracoscopic wedge resection.

Background: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) can be associated with life-threatening complications such as paradoxical embolization, cerebral abscess, and hemothorax. Therefore, all adults with PAVMs should be offered treatment. Percutaneous transcatheter embolization is the first-line treatment, but 5-25% of cases require further treatment due to persistence after embolization.

Expression of Notch1 and Numb in small cell lung cancer.

Notch signaling in tumorigenesis functions as an oncogene or tumor suppressor according to the type of malignancy. Numb represses intracellular Notch signaling. Previous studies have demonstrated that Notch signaling suppresses the proliferation of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines.

Immunohistochemical profiling of receptor tyrosine kinases, MED12, and TGF-βRII of surgically resected small cell lung cancer, and the potential of c-kit as a prognostic marker.

The limited number of available treatments for patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has prompted us to further investigate the biology of SCLC by molecular profiling. We collected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 127 patients with SCLC, who had undergone surgery at 16 institutions between January 2003 and January 2013, and analyzed the association between disease-specific survival and protein expression of c-kit, c-Met, epidermal growth factor receptor, human EGFR-related 2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor II, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12), and transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGF-βRII) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Of the 125 evaluable samples, all tumors expressed MED12, and 123 samples (98.

Ultra-sensitive HPLC-photochemical reaction-luminol chemiluminescence method for the measurement of secondary amines after nitrosation.

A novel method for the determination of secondary amines at the nanomolar level was developed. The method is based on the nitrosation reaction of secondary amines, with the generated N-nitrosamines being measured using an HPLC separation, photochemical reaction, and chemiluminescence detection system. The efficient nitrosation of secondary amines was performed using sodium nitrite (200 mM) and acetic acid (0.

In-line System to Produce High-Purity Acid Solutions.

Herein, we report a new device that generates a high-purity acid solution. It comprises three compartments divided by anion-exchange membranes and filled with ion-exchange resins. Fluorochemical cation-exchange membranes, which tolerate electrochemical wear and permit bulk flow, are inserted between each electrode and the anion-exchange resin.

Device to generate high purity hydroxide solution in-line for ion chromatography.

Herein, we report a new device that generates a high-purity hydroxide solution in line. The device's container has three compartments that are isolated from each other by two cation exchange (CE) membranes. In each end of the container, an electrode is installed.

Bronchogenic cyst associated with congenital absence of the pericardium.

We report a rare case of bronchogenic cyst associated with congenital complete absence of the pericardium. A 17-year-old male was admitted to the hospital for surgical resection of a growing cystic lesion located in the middle mediastinum. The patient was asymptomatic and no significant findings were found on physical examination.

Selective removal of carbon dioxide contained in the effluent from ion chromatography suppressors using a new non-vacuum device.

In this paper, a new CO2 gas removal device optimized to selectively remove CO2 gas contained in the effluent from suppressors used in ion chromatography (IC) under non-vacuum conditions is described. This device consists of a closed vessel equipped with gas permeable tubing (GPT) and a CO2 adsorbent. During operation, the CO2 adsorbent adsorbs CO2 gas in the vessel, creating CO2 partial pressure difference between the inside of the GPT and the vessel.

Fluorescent character of Cu(I/II) complexes with bisquinoline-based ligands and fluorometric detection of reductants.

The fluorescence ligands N,N'-bis(2-methylquinolyl)dimethylethylenediamine (BQDMEN) and N,N'-bis(2-methylquinolyl)dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine (BQDMPN) were synthesized. [Cu(II)(bqdmen)](2+) and [Cu(II)(bqdmpn)](2+) were prepared, and their reduction to [Cu(I)(bqdmen)](+) and [Cu(I)(bqdmpn)](+) was confirmed by the observed UV-Vis spectral change. Then, the fluorescence of [Cu(I/II)(bqdmen)](+/2+) and [Cu(I/II)(bqdmpn)](+/2+) in aqueous solution was characterized; [Cu(I)(bqdmen)](+) and [Cu(I)(bqdmpn)](+) were found to fluoresce in aqueous solution, whereas the fluorescence of [Cu(II)(bqdmen)](2+) and [Cu(II)(bqdmpn)](2+) was completely quenched.

Development of a new suppressor for the ion chromatography of inorganic cations.

This paper reports on a new suppressor that can be used in the ion chromatography (IC) of inorganic cations. The space in which the electrode is set on both sides of the device is separated into three cells using anion- and cation-exchange membranes. Each of the cells is packed with either an anion- or cation-exchange resin.

Chemiluminescence detection of glucose using Ce(IV) oxidation in a batch system.

A chemiluminescence method for the determination of glucose (GC) using a batch system made in our laboratory is proposed. The method is based on measures of the chemiluminesence intensity from a batch of sample GC solutions following the injection of an (NH(4))(2)[Ce(NO(3))(6)]-[Ru(bpy)(3)]Cl(2) solution. The effect of the Ru complex concentration on chemiluminescence was studied.

Rapid determination of isoamyl nitrite in pharmaceutical preparations by flow injection analysis with on-line UV irradiation and luminol chemiluminescence detection.

Isoamyl nitrite is used as a therapeutic reagent for cardiac angina and as an antidote for cyanide poisoning, but it is abused because of its euphoric properties. Therefore, a method to determine isoamyl nitrite is required in many fields, including pharmaceutical and forensic studies. In this study, a simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of isoamyl nitrite was developed using a flow injection analysis system equipped with a chemiluminescence detector and on-line photoreactor.

Development of an anti-analyte ion remover used for ion chromatography: Part 1. Examination of a device for anion analysis.

Herein, we report on the fabrication of a device for removing cations of an anti-analyte ion contained in a sample and an eluent under an electric field. The space in which the electrode is set on both sides of the device is separated into three cells using anion and cation exchange membranes. Each of the cells is packed with either an anion or cation exchange resin.

Rapid method for simultaneous determination of nitrite and nitrate in water samples using short-column ion-pair chromatographic separation, photochemical reaction, and chemiluminescence detection.

A rapid method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of nitrite and nitrate. The separation of nitrite and nitrate was achieved using an octadecylsilane (ODS) short column (5 µm, 20 × 4.6 mm) with 10 mM of borate buffer-methanol (99.

Selective determination method for measurement of nitrite and nitrate in water samples using high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column photochemical reaction and chemiluminescence detection.

A simple, sensitive and selective method for the simultaneous determination of nitrite and nitrate in water samples has been developed. The method is based on ion-exchange separation, online photochemical reaction, and luminol chemiluminescence detection. The separation of nitrite and nitrate was achieved using an anion-exchange column with a 20mM borate buffer (pH 10.

Effect of a carboxyl group on the chemiluminescent reaction of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(III) with aliphatic amines.

The effect of a carboxyl group beside nitrogen of aliphatic amines on the tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(III), Ru(bpy)(3)(3+), chemiluminescent reaction was examined. It has been shown that a carboxylate anion promotes the chemiluminescent reaction at a lower pH and then the aliphatic amines with this substituent can be sensitively detected compared with corresponding aliphatic amines without this substituent. Based on this finding, preliminary studies on simultaneous determination of 4-hydroxyproline, N-methylglycine, N-methylalanine, proline, and pipecolic acid in human serum have been performed using isocratic reversed-phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrogenerated Ru(bpy)(3)(3+) chemiluminescent detection.

Highly sensitive method for determination of N-nitrosamines using high-performance liquid chromatography with online UV irradiation and luminol chemiluminescence detection.

A new method for the measurement of N-nitrosamines in part-per-trillion concentrations from water samples without preconcentration steps has been developed. This method is based on online UV irradiation after high-performance liquid chromatographic separation and subsequent luminol chemiluminescence detection without addition of an oxidant. It was confirmed that N-nitrosamines in basic aqueous solution were transformed to peroxynitrite by UV irradiation.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence reaction of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) with 2,5-dimethylthiophene as co-reactant in aqueous solution.

A novel effective co-reactant for electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) has been found. Alpha-position-dialkylated thiophene derivatives such as 2,5-dimethylthiophene (DMT) could be used as a co-reactant for Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL. The reaction mechanism of the Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/DMT system was proposed on the basis of the identification of the reaction product, the relationship between the molecular structure and the chemiluminescent intensity, and the electrochemical study.

Chemiluminescence detection of five-membered heteroaromatic compounds using electrogenerated tris(2,2'-bipyridine)-ruthenium(III).

Heteroaromatic compounds, such as 2,5-dimethylthiophene, 2,5-dimethylpyrrole, and 2,5-dimethylfuran, were found to act as reducing agents for the tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(III), Ru(bpy)3(3+), chemiluminescent reaction. In order to characterize the chemiluminescent reaction of Ru(bpy)3(3+) with heteroaromatic compounds, we have investigated various mono-, di-, and tri-heteroaromatic compounds. The pi-electron density and stability of aromatic rings influence the chemiluminescent efficiency of the reaction.