Utriculo-ocular pathway dysfunction is more frequent in vestibular migraine than probable vestibular migraine.

Background: Abnormal vestibular function has been reported in patients with vestibular migraine (VM). However, it is unclear whether the proportion of patients with vestibular dysfunction differs between the diagnoses of VM and probable VM (PVM).

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 1736 patients who underwent cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential testing to air-conducted sound (ACS cVEMP), ocular VEMP testing to bone-conducted vibration (BCV oVEMP), and caloric testing.

Recurrence pattern after conservative surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective: Risk-based treatment represents the optimal management strategy for papillary thyroid carcinoma; however, the optimal extent of thyroidectomy and neck dissection remains controversial. This study aims to clarify the pattern of recurrence after conservative surgery in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 93 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma treated with conservative surgery.