Most Important Things and Associated Factors With Prioritizing Daily Life in Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Patients' values and priorities in their lives should be appreciated from an early phase of incurable diseases such as advanced cancer. However, studies examining these characteristics have been lacking. This study attempted to determine what patients with advanced lung cancer valued most, once they had been diagnosed, and any associated factors.

[Fusion Genes in Cancer-Toward Treatment from a Pan-Cancer Perspective].

In recent years, genetic testing using next-generation sequencers has become widespread in the field of cancer drug therapy, and treatments based on individual genetic disorders are now routinely used. Drug development is underway to target various fusion genes among the detected genetic disorders. However, the functional significance of most of the detected fusion genes is unknown, and it is necessary to understand their biological characteristics and elucidate their functions for the development of personalized medicine.

Clinical Characteristics and Therapeutic Outcomes of Metastatic Peritoneal Carcinomatosis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Metastatic peritoneal carcinomatosis (MPC) is not common in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes are still unclear.

Patients And Methods: We recruited 46 NSCLC patients with MPC at Keio University and affiliated hospitals (Keio Lung Oncology Group) between January 2011 and December 2017, then retrospectively investigated their clinical characteristics and the impact of treatment interventions on their survival.

Results: The profile of histological subtype was predominantly adenocarcinoma and 15 patients harbored driver oncogenes.

Longitudinal Assessment of Prognostic Understanding in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer and Its Association with Their Psychological Distress.

Background: Accurate prognostic understanding in patients with advanced cancer is essential for shared decision making; however, patients may experience psychological burden through knowing the incurable nature of advanced cancer. It has been unclear how their prognostic understanding fluctuates and whether accurate prognostic understanding is associated with psychological distress from the time of diagnosis over time.

Materials And Methods: We longitudinally investigated prognostic understanding in 225 patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer at 16 hospitals in Japan until 24 months after diagnosis.

A solitary pulmonary nodule caused by Mycobacterium avium with pleural effusion and pleuritis after transbronchial biopsy: a case report.

Background: Pleural effusion and pleuritis are uncommon manifestations of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease. Pleuritis caused by Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule is extremely rare. The pathogenesis of Mycobacterium avium complex pleuritis has not been elucidated.

Trends of concerns from diagnosis in patients with advanced lung cancer and their family caregivers: A 2-year longitudinal study.

Background: Both advanced cancer patients and their family caregivers experience distress and have a range of concerns after cancer diagnosis. However, longitudinal studies on this topic have been lacking.

Aim: To investigate concerns in both patients with advanced lung cancer and their family caregivers longitudinally from diagnosis.

Triple therapy with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and ciclesonide for COVID-19 pneumonia.

No specific therapy is available for COVID-19. We report the effectiveness and adverse effects of triple therapy with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and ciclesonide in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The clinical condition of the patients improved within 5 days in response to the therapy.

Intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species correlate with ABT-263 sensitivity in non-small-cell lung cancer cells.

ABT-263 (Navitoclax) is a BH3-mimetic drugs targeting anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family proteins, including BCL-2, BCL-xL, and BCL-w, thereby inducing apoptosis. In small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells, the response to ABT-263 is associated with the expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) protein, however the efficacy of ABT-263 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been thoroughly evaluated. There are currently no established biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of ABT-263 treatment in NSCLC.

Efficacy of afatinib or osimertinib plus cetuximab combination therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations.

Objectives: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive lung cancer accounts for a significant subgroup of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Approximately 4-10% of EGFR mutations in NSCLC are EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations, which are reportedly associated with resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment. NSCLC patients carrying these mutations are rarely treated with EGFR-TKIs.

Prognostic Understanding at Diagnosis and Associated Factors in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer and Their Caregivers.

Background: Prognostic understanding in advanced cancer patients and their caregivers may have an impact on the delivery of effective care. The aims of this study were to explore prognostic understanding at diagnosis in both patients with advanced lung cancer and their caregivers and to investigate correlates of their understanding.

Subjects, Materials, And Methods: A total of 193 patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer and their 167 caregivers were enrolled at 16 hospitals in Japan.

Secondary Brain Neoplasm after Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Patients with Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) using the Gamma Knife (GK) is now being increasingly utilized for the treatment of brain metastases. However, there are a few reported cases of SRS-induced brain neoplasms. We herein report the case of a Japanese woman with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor (EGFR)-mutations who was treated four times with a GK for brain metastases.

Pharmacological and Structural Characterizations of Naquotinib, a Novel Third-Generation EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, in -Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Multiple epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) have been developed to effectively inhibit EGFR-derived signals in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we assessed the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs, including a novel third-generation inhibitor naquotinib (ASP8273), in clinically relevant mutations, including L858R, exon 19 deletion, L858R+T790M, exon 19 deletion+T790M with or without a C797S mutation, and several exon 20 insertion mutations. Using structural analyses, we also elucidated the mechanism of activation and sensitivity/resistance to EGFR-TKIs in exon 20 insertion mutations.

Characterization of the efficacies of osimertinib and nazartinib against cells expressing clinically relevant epidermal growth factor receptor mutations.

Third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) were developed to overcome T790M-mediated resistance to first- and second-generation EGFR-TKIs. Third-generation EGFR-TKIs, such as osimertinib and nazartinib, are effective for patients with the T790M mutation. However, there are no direct comparison data to guide the selection of a third-generation EGFR-TKI for patients with different mutations.

Non-small cell lung cancer PC-9 cells exhibit increased sensitivity to gemcitabine and vinorelbine upon acquiring resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are widely used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) harboring -activating mutations. However, lung cancer cells inevitably acquire resistance to these EGFR-TKIs. The majority of patients whose lung cancer acquires resistance to EGFR-TKIs are subjected to treatment using cytotoxic agents.

Amplification of EGFR Wild-Type Alleles in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Confers Acquired Resistance to Mutation-Selective EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

EGFR-mutated lung cancers account for a significant subgroup of non-small cell lung cancers overall. Third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are mutation-selective inhibitors with minimal effects on wild-type EGFR. Acquired resistance develops to these agents, however, the mechanisms are as yet uncharacterized.

Overcoming EGFR Bypass Signal-Induced Acquired Resistance to ALK Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in ALK-Translocated Lung Cancer.

Unlabelled: Activation of the EGFR pathway is one of the mechanisms inducing acquired resistance to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) such as crizotinib and alectinib. Ceritinib is a highly selective ALK inhibitor and shows promising efficacy in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) harboring the ALK gene rearrangement. However, the precise mechanism underlying acquired resistance to ceritinib is not well-defined.

Alectinib as a treatment option following recovery from crizotinib-induced interstitial lung disease in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Crizotinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that displays antitumor activity against anaplastic lymphoma kinase ()-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. However, crizotinib-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been reported as an infrequent, but potentially fatal complication. We herein describe the case of a 63-year-old male patient with -rearranged advanced lung adenocarcinoma.

In vitro modeling to determine mutation specificity of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors against clinically relevant EGFR mutants in non-small-cell lung cancer.

EGFR mutated lung cancer accounts for a significant subgroup of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Over the last decade, multiple EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have been developed to target mutated EGFR. However, there is little information regarding mutation specific potency of EGFR-TKIs against various types of EGFR mutations.