Circumferential Stenosis of the Second Part of the Duodenum Caused by Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis.

Isolated eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) of the second part of the duodenum is rare. We herein report a case of EGE limited to the second part of the duodenum that caused circumferential stenosis due to massive wall thickening. A boring biopsy was useful to verify the accumulation of eosinophils.

Successful initial tofacitinib treatment for acute severe ulcerative colitis with steroid resistance: a case series.

Background: The standard therapy for acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is intravenous corticosteroids; however, 30% of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients do not recover with corticosteroids alone. Few studies have reported the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib for ASUC with steroid resistance. We report a case series of successful first-line treatment consisting of tofacitinib (20 mg/day) administered to ASUC patients with steroid resistance.

Case Report: Regulatory T Cell-Independent Induction of Remission in a Patient With Collagenous Colitis.

Collagenous colitis (CC), a prototypical microscopic colitis, is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon. The diagnosis of CC depends on the pathological examination. The colonic mucosa of patients with CC is characterized by the presence of a substantially thickened collagen band (>10μm) under the surface epithelium.

Castor oil as booster for colon capsule endoscopy preparation reduction: A prospective pilot study and patient questionnaire.

Background: Preparation for colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) requires a large liquid laxative volume for capsule excretion, which compromises the procedure's tolerability.

Aim: To assess the safety and utility of castor oil-boosted bowel preparation.

Methods: This prospective cohort study including 20 patients (age range, 16-80 years; six men and 14 women) suspected of having colorectal disease was conducted at Kindai University Hospital from September 2017 to August 2019.

Risk factors for local recurrence and appropriate surveillance interval after endoscopic resection.

Background: Risk factors for local recurrence after polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have not been identified. Additionally, the appropriate interval for endoscopic surveillance of colorectal tumors at high-risk of local recurrence has not been established.

Aim: To clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of recurrent lesions after endoscopic colorectal tumor resection and determine the appropriate interval.

A case of small invasive gastric cancer arising from negative gastric mucosa: Fundic gland-type adenocarcinoma.

This study showed that we need to bear in mind the possibility of gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type upon encounter with such elevated lesions originating from ()-negative gastric mucosa. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because small invasive gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type is a rare disease entity, which exhibits a submucosal tumor-like or superficial flat-type elevated lesion on -negative gastric mucosa in the endoscopic examinations.

Clinical Significance of Bmi1 Expression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Although the stem cell marker Bmi1 is overexpressed in many malignancies, its role in inflammation-associated cancer is unclear. Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is caused by chronic intestinal inflammation and often results from refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: To assess the involvement of Bmi1 in the development of CAC, we analyzed the gene expression of colon tissues collected from 111 patients with IBD and CAC.

Comparative Study of Clarithromycin- versus Metronidazole-Based Triple Therapy as First-Line Eradication for Helicobacter pylori.

Introduction: Clarithromycin (CAM)-based triple therapy comprising proton pump inhibitors and amoxicillin is administered as first-line eradication treatment against Helicobacter pylori infection. However, the eradication rate achieved with CAM-based triple therapy has decreased to <80% owing to the emergence of CAM-resistant strains. This prospective randomized study aimed to compare the efficacy of CAM-based and metronidazole (MNZ)-based triple therapy in terms of H.

Clinical Analysis of Esophageal Stricture in Patients Treated with Intralesional Triamcinolone Injection after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Superficial Esophageal Cancer.

Introduction: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been widely used in the resection of superficial esophageal cancers. Since its use has been extended to cases involving large esophageal tumors occupying nearly the whole or the whole circumference of the lumen, the occurrence of esophageal stricture has increased. Although endoscopic injection of triamcinolone (TA) is widely used for the prevention of postoperative stricture, a significant number of patients still develop stricture after TA injection therapy.

Magnifying Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) for the Diagnosis of Localized Colorectal Lesions Using the Japan NBI Expert Team (JNET) Classification.

Objective: The Japan NBI Expert Team (JNET) proposed a new narrow band imaging (NBI) classification system for colorectal tumors in June 2014. In this classification system, types 1, 2A, 2B, and 3 correspond to hyperplastic polyps (HPs) including sessile serrated polyps (SSPs), low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia (HGD) to shallow submucosal invasive (SM-s) carcinomas, and deep submucosal invasive (SM-d) carcinomas, respectively.

Methods: To validate this system, we performed a retrospective image evaluation study, in which 199 colorectal tumors previously assessed by NBI magnifying endoscopy were classified by 3 blinded experienced colonoscopists using the JNET system.

Computer-Aided Diagnosis Based on Convolutional Neural Network System for Colorectal Polyp Classification: Preliminary Experience.

Background And Aim: Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is becoming a next-generation tool for the diagnosis of human disease. CAD for colon polyps has been suggested as a particularly useful tool for trainee colonoscopists, as the use of a CAD system avoids the complications associated with endoscopic resections. In addition to conventional CAD, a convolutional neural network (CNN) system utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) has been developing rapidly over the past 5 years.

Risk Factors for Postoperative Bleeding in Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Colorectal Tumors.

Background: Colonoscopic removal of adenomatous polyps or early cancer prevents death from colorectal cancer. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which enables endoscopists to perform en bloc resection of flat or depressed colorectal tumors >20 mm, has recently been introduced and become a standard procedure in Japan. Although postoperative bleeding (POB) is a major complication associated with ESD, risk factors for POB have not been fully identified.

Removal of diminutive colorectal polyps: A prospective randomized clinical trial between cold snare polypectomy and hot forceps biopsy.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy (CSP) and hot forceps biopsy (HFB) for diminutive colorectal polyps.

Methods: This prospective, randomized single-center clinical trial included consecutive patients ≥ 20 years of age with diminutive colorectal polyps 3-5 mm from December 2014 to October 2015. The primary outcome measures were resection (endoscopic evaluation) and complete resection rates (pathological evaluation).

Evaluation of the Response to Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer by Contrast-Enhanced Harmonic EUS.

Background/aims: In advanced gastric cancers, a significant correlation exists between the response to chemotherapy in primary gastric cancers and patient prognosis. Therefore, accurate evaluation of the response to chemotherapy in primary gastric cancers is important. We examined the response to chemotherapy in primary gastric cancers by contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CEH-EUS).

[Gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer].

Recently, the acid secretion amount is increased by westernization of foods and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infected patient's decrease in Japanese. Therefore, the recent tendencies are decrease of peptic ulcer diseases by H.