Clinicopathological and molecular features of claudin-18 isoform 2 expression in patients with colorectal cancer: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: Claudin-18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2) is expressed in multiple cancers and is a promising target for antitumor therapy. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the prevalence and characteristics of CLDN18.

Prognostic Impact of Malignant Wounds in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Malignant wounds are lesions caused by metastasis from distant primary cancers or by direct invasion of the cutaneous structures of a primary cancer, and are most common in patients with breast or head and neck cancers. Malignant wounds not only cause physical symptoms, but also affect survival. Recognizing prognosis in terminal-stage cancer patients is necessary for both patients and health care providers.

Trop-2 expression and the tumor immune microenvironment in cervical cancer.

Objective: Trophoblast Cell Surface Antigen 2 (Trop-2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed in various cancers, with immunological significance as a target for tumor-reactive T-cells. We aimed to investigate the association between the expression of Trop-2 and the tumor immune microenvironment in cervical cancer.

Methods: The study included 123 patients with cervical cancer who underwent primary surgery between 2000 and 2020 in our hospital.

Identification of barriers to implementation of precision oncology in patients with rare cancers.

Established treatment options for rare cancers are limited by the small number of patients. The current comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) testing might not fully exploit opportunities for precision oncology in patients with rare cancers. Therefore, we aimed to explore the factors associated with CGP testing utility in rare cancers and identify barriers to implementing precision oncology.

Psychological symptom burden associated with malignant wounds: Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Patients with malignant wounds suffer from physical and psychological symptom burden. Despite psychological support being required, the impact of malignant wounds on patients' psychological distress is poorly investigated. We evaluated psychological distress associated with malignant wounds for patients at their end of life.

Ocular toxicity of investigational anti-cancer drugs in early phase clinical trials.

Ocular toxicities arising from anti-cancer drugs occur sporadically and are sometimes underestimated because they are not life-threatening. Reports focusing on ocular toxicities from cancer therapy are limited. We investigated the detailed progress of ocular toxicities of anti-cancer drugs including first-in-class ones.

High expression of folate receptor alpha is associated with poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer.

Objective: Folate receptor α (FRα) is a membrane protein expressed in various solid tumors but has limited expression in normal cells. Therefore, FRα is an attractive target for cancer treatment. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between FRα expression and the clinicopathological characteristics and survivals of cervical cancer.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor for patients with metastatic or recurrent breast cancer treated using capecitabine: a retrospective study.

Background: Eribulin or capecitabine monotherapy is the next cytotoxic chemotherapy option for patients with metastatic or recurrent breast cancer who have previously received an anthracycline or a taxane. However, it is unclear what factors can guide the selection of eribulin or capecitabine in this setting, and prognostic factors are needed to guide appropriate treatment selection. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic factor for eribulin-treated patients, although it is unclear whether it is a prognostic factor for capecitabine-treated patients.

Clinical characteristics of pancreatic and biliary tract cancers associated with Lynch syndrome.

Background/purpose: Pancreatic and biliary tract cancers are one of the Lynch syndrome-associated malignancies. There are few reports describing the patients' backgrounds and clinical characteristics.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with Lynch syndrome-associated pancreatic or biliary tract malignant tumors at National Cancer Center Hospital between March 1992 and October 2019.

Acute Lower Extremity Arterial Thrombosis Associated with Osimertinib-Induced Erythrocytosis.

BACKGROUND Osimertinib is an oral third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved as first-line therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with positive EGFR mutation. Rashes, nail toxicity, and diarrhea are common adverse events. Hematological adverse effects, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, and lymphocytopenia, have been reported.

Panitumumab-Associated Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia in a Patient with Colorectal Cancer.

Severe thrombocytopenia is a rare adverse event of panitumumab. Here, we report the first patient with metastatic colorectal cancer who developed severe thrombocytopenia, diagnosed as panitumumab-associated drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia (DITP). A clinical diagnosis of DITP can be obtained by excluding other causes of thrombocytopenia and is confirmed by the recovery of thrombocytopenia after the discontinuation of the suspected drug.

Short-term outcomes of induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (TPF) in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

There is an unmet need for improving survival outcomes of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, for example, T4/ N3 stage disease. To this end, we administered induction chemotherapy (IC) with TPF (docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil) because this stage of disease is associated with a high risk of recurrence and is difficult to control with standard treatments, such as chemoradiotherapy (CRT) alone or CRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this retrospective single-center study was to clarify the short-term outcomes of locally far-advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with IC-TPF, followed by CRT with cisplatin.

Difficulty of acute hepatitis C diagnosis in a hospitalised patient.

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes acute hepatitis C and is commonly detected via HCV antibody testing. However, delayed seroconversion of HCV antibodies and non-specific symptoms may hinder the diagnosis of this disease. A 71-year-old woman developed acute hepatitis while hospitalised for back pain.